[release-19.0] Upgrade go version to go1.22.2

[frouioui]

Description

This PR upgrade the go version used to go1.22.2

[vitess-bot]

Review Checklist

Hello reviewers! 👋 Please follow this checklist when reviewing this Pull Request.

General

• Ensure that the Pull Request has a descriptive title.
• Ensure there is a link to an issue (except for internal cleanup and flaky test fixes), new features should have an RFC that documents use cases and test cases.

Tests

• Bug fixes should have at least one unit or end-to-end test, enhancement and new features should have a sufficient number of tests.

Documentation

• Apply the release notes (needs details) label if users need to know about this change.
• New features should be documented.
• There should be some code comments as to why things are implemented the way they are.
• There should be a comment at the top of each new or modified test to explain what the test does.

New flags

• Is this flag really necessary?
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If a workflow is added or modified:

• Each item in Jobs should be named in order to mark it as required.
• If the workflow needs to be marked as required, the maintainer team must be notified.

Backward compatibility

• Protobuf changes should be wire-compatible.
• Changes to _vt tables and RPCs need to be backward compatible.
• RPC changes should be compatible with vitess-operator
• If a flag is removed, then it should also be removed from vitess-operator and arewefastyet, if used there.
• vtctl command output order should be stable and awk-able.

[frouioui]

bootstrap images are built and pushed, forced push to re-trigger CI

[codecov]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 67.44%. Comparing base (29aa14d) to head (17b4921).
Report is 1 commits behind head on release-19.0.

Additional details and impacted files

@@               Coverage Diff                @@
##           release-19.0   #15641      +/-   ##
================================================
+ Coverage         67.43%   67.44%   +0.01%     
================================================
  Files              1560     1560              
  Lines            192672   192672              
================================================
+ Hits             129920   129954      +34     
+ Misses            62752    62718      -34     

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