[CPU] Replace custom THROW_ERROR macros usage with THROW_CPU_NODE_ERR #42630

Job	Run time
Smart_CI	21s
Docker	50s
Build / Build	5m 59s
Debian Packages	0s
OpenVINO JS API	0s
PyTorch Models tests	0s
ONNX Runtime Integration / ONNX Runtime Integration	3m 41s
C++ unit tests / C++ unit tests	42s
OpenVINO tokenizers extension / OpenVINO tokenizers extension	1m 50s
Samples / Samples	5m 57s
Python API tests / Python API tests	1m 58s
Python unit tests / Python unit tests	2m 11s
JAX Layer Tests / JAX Layer Tests	1m 22s
CPU functional tests / CPU functional tests	5m 16s
Pytorch Layer Tests / PyTorch Layer Tests	2m 31s
TensorFlow Models tests	0s
TensorFlow Layer Tests / TensorFlow Layer Tests	4m 6s
ci/gha_overall_status_linux_arm64	1s
	36m 45s

Provide feedback