DM-45263: Add new tap_schema module

[JeremyMcCormick]

This provides the initial implementation for a tap_schema module, eventually intended to deprecate and replace the functionality of the Felis tap module. It provides the new load-tap-schema command in the Felis CLI, which uses the new module to update a TAP_SCHEMA database. The internal representation of TAP_SCHEMA was changed to use a Felis file, found in the felis.schemas package.

Additional Changes

• Added a few utility functions to felis.datamodel.Schema for looking up objects
• Added methods for loading a Schema from a file or lsst.resources.ResourcePath
  • Added lsst-resources to project requirements
• Added a test.utils module with some useful test utility functions
• Updated project configuration to include YAML files from the felis.schemas package, which currently includes a standard TAP_SCHEMA representation
• Added a Makefile target for installing project dependencies
• Added the LSST pipelines site to intersphinx dependencies and removed trailing spaces from links (causes problems for some sites)

Relatively complete test coverageis provided for the new module. Some functions marked as not covered actually are tested from loading schema files from tests/data. The tap module, which this is designed to replace, remains minimally covered in testing.

No breaking changes were intended to be introduced to the API or the CLI by this update. The felis load-tap and init-tap commands should still work exactly the same as before and can be used side-by-side with the new module for comparison.

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• Ran in Jenkins CI
• Added a news fragment

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 92.76944% with 53 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 92.02%. Comparing base (b34c43b) to head (d49165d).
Report is 32 commits behind head on main.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
python/felis/db/utils.py	52.63%	15 Missing and 3 partials ⚠️
python/felis/tap_schema.py	93.65%	9 Missing and 4 partials ⚠️
tests/test_tap_schema_postgres.py	87.50%	8 Missing and 2 partials ⚠️
python/felis/datamodel.py	90.56%	4 Missing and 1 partial ⚠️
python/felis/cli.py	91.66%	1 Missing and 1 partial ⚠️
python/felis/tests/utils.py	93.75%	1 Missing and 1 partial ⚠️
tests/test_metadata.py	96.00%	0 Missing and 2 partials ⚠️
tests/test_tap_schema.py	99.50%	0 Missing and 1 partial ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main      #90      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   91.54%   92.02%   +0.48%     
==========================================
  Files          16       20       +4     
  Lines        1881     2534     +653     
  Branches      410      519     +109     
==========================================
+ Hits         1722     2332     +610     
- Misses         86      120      +34     
- Partials       73       82       +9     

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