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Contributing to LogisCoin Core | ||
============================ | ||
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The LogisCoin Core project operates an open contributor model where anyone is | ||
welcome to contribute towards development in the form of peer review, testing | ||
and patches. This document explains the practical process and guidelines for | ||
contributing. | ||
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Firstly in terms of structure, there is no particular concept of "Core | ||
developers" in the sense of privileged people. Open source often naturally | ||
revolves around meritocracy where longer term contributors gain more trust from | ||
the developer community. However, some hierarchy is necessary for practical | ||
purposes. As such there are repository "maintainers" who are responsible for | ||
merging pull requests as well as a "lead maintainer" who is responsible for the | ||
release cycle, overall merging, moderation and appointment of maintainers. | ||
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Contributor Workflow | ||
-------------------- | ||
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The codebase is maintained using the "contributor workflow" where everyone | ||
without exception contributes patch proposals using "pull requests". This | ||
facilitates social contribution, easy testing and peer review. | ||
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To contribute a patch, the workflow is as follows: | ||
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- Fork repository | ||
- Create topic branch | ||
- Commit patches | ||
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The project coding conventions in the [developer notes](doc/developer-notes.md) | ||
must be adhered to. | ||
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In general [commits should be atomic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_commit#Atomic_commit_convention) | ||
and diffs should be easy to read. For this reason do not mix any formatting | ||
fixes or code moves with actual code changes. | ||
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Commit messages should be verbose by default consisting of a short subject line | ||
(50 chars max), a blank line and detailed explanatory text as separate | ||
paragraph(s), unless the title alone is self-explanatory (like "Corrected typo | ||
in init.cpp") in which case a single title line is sufficient. Commit messages should be | ||
helpful to people reading your code in the future, so explain the reasoning for | ||
your decisions. Further explanation [here](http://chris.beams.io/posts/git-commit/). | ||
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If a particular commit references another issue, please add the reference, for | ||
example `refs #1234`, or `fixes #4321`. Using the `fixes` or `closes` keywords | ||
will cause the corresponding issue to be closed when the pull request is merged. | ||
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Please refer to the [Git manual](https://git-scm.com/doc) for more information | ||
about Git. | ||
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- Push changes to your fork | ||
- Create pull request | ||
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The title of the pull request should be prefixed by the component or area that | ||
the pull request affects. Valid areas as: | ||
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- *Consensus* for changes to consensus critical code | ||
- *Docs* for changes to the documentation | ||
- *Qt* for changes to logiscoin-qt | ||
- *Minting* for changes to the minting code | ||
- *Net* or *P2P* for changes to the peer-to-peer network code | ||
- *RPC/REST* for changes to the RPC or REST APIs | ||
- *Scripts and tools* for changes to the scripts and tools | ||
- *Tests* for changes to the logiscoin unit tests or QA tests | ||
- *Trivial* should **only** be used for PRs that do not change generated | ||
executable code. Notably, refactors (change of function arguments and code | ||
reorganization) and changes in behavior should **not** be marked as trivial. | ||
Examples of trivial PRs are changes to: | ||
- comments | ||
- whitespace | ||
- variable names | ||
- logging and messages | ||
- *Utils and libraries* for changes to the utils and libraries | ||
- *Wallet* for changes to the wallet code | ||
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Examples: | ||
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Consensus: Add new opcode for BIP-XXXX OP_CHECKAWESOMESIG | ||
Net: Automatically create hidden service, listen on Tor | ||
Qt: Add feed bump button | ||
Trivial: Fix typo in init.cpp | ||
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If a pull request is specifically not to be considered for merging (yet) please | ||
prefix the title with [WIP] or use [Tasks Lists](https://help.github.com/articles/basic-writing-and-formatting-syntax/#task-lists) | ||
in the body of the pull request to indicate tasks are pending. | ||
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The body of the pull request should contain enough description about what the | ||
patch does together with any justification/reasoning. You should include | ||
references to any discussions (for example other tickets or mailing list | ||
discussions). | ||
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At this stage one should expect comments and review from other contributors. You | ||
can add more commits to your pull request by committing them locally and pushing | ||
to your fork until you have satisfied all feedback. | ||
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Squashing Commits | ||
--------------------------- | ||
If your pull request is accepted for merging, you may be asked by a maintainer | ||
to squash and or [rebase](https://git-scm.com/docs/git-rebase) your commits | ||
before it will be merged. The basic squashing workflow is shown below. | ||
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git checkout your_branch_name | ||
git rebase -i HEAD~n | ||
# n is normally the number of commits in the pull | ||
# set commits from 'pick' to 'squash', save and quit | ||
# on the next screen, edit/refine commit messages | ||
# save and quit | ||
git push -f # (force push to GitHub) | ||
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If you have problems with squashing (or other workflows with `git`), you can | ||
alternatively enable "Allow edits from maintainers" in the right GitHub | ||
sidebar and ask for help in the pull request. | ||
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Please refrain from creating several pull requests for the same change. | ||
Use the pull request that is already open (or was created earlier) to amend | ||
changes. This preserves the discussion and review that happened earlier for | ||
the respective change set. | ||
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The length of time required for peer review is unpredictable and will vary from | ||
pull request to pull request. | ||
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Pull Request Philosophy | ||
----------------------- | ||
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Patch sets should always be focused. For example, a pull request could add a | ||
feature, fix a bug, or refactor code; but not a mixture. Please also avoid super | ||
pull requests which attempt to do too much, are overly large, or overly complex | ||
as this makes review difficult. | ||
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### Features | ||
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When adding a new feature, thought must be given to the long term technical debt | ||
and maintenance that feature may require after inclusion. Before proposing a new | ||
feature that will require maintenance, please consider if you are willing to | ||
maintain it (including bug fixing). If features get orphaned with no maintainer | ||
in the future, they may be removed by the Repository Maintainer. | ||
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### Refactoring | ||
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Refactoring is a necessary part of any software project's evolution. The | ||
following guidelines cover refactoring pull requests for the project. | ||
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There are three categories of refactoring, code only moves, code style fixes, | ||
code refactoring. In general refactoring pull requests should not mix these | ||
three kinds of activity in order to make refactoring pull requests easy to | ||
review and uncontroversial. In all cases, refactoring PRs must not change the | ||
behavior of code within the pull request (bugs must be preserved as is). | ||
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Project maintainers aim for a quick turnaround on refactoring pull requests, so | ||
where possible keep them short, un-complex and easy to verify. | ||
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"Decision Making" Process | ||
------------------------- | ||
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The following applies to code changes to the LogisCoin Core project, and is not to be | ||
confused with overall LogisCoin Network Protocol consensus changes. | ||
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Whether a pull request is merged into LogisCoin Core rests with the project merge | ||
maintainers and ultimately the project lead. | ||
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Maintainers will take into consideration if a patch is in line with the general | ||
principles of the project; meets the minimum standards for inclusion; and will | ||
judge the general consensus of contributors. | ||
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In general, all pull requests must: | ||
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- have a clear use case, fix a demonstrable bug or serve the greater good of | ||
the project (for example refactoring for modularisation); | ||
- be well peer reviewed; | ||
- follow code style guidelines; | ||
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Patches that change LogisCoin consensus rules are considerably more involved than | ||
normal because they affect the entire ecosystem and so must be preceded by | ||
extensive discussions and clear detailing. While each case will be different, | ||
one should be prepared to expend more time and effort than for other kinds of | ||
patches because of increased peer review and consensus building requirements. | ||
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### Peer Review | ||
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Anyone may participate in peer review which is expressed by comments in the pull | ||
request. Typically reviewers will review the code for obvious errors, as well as | ||
test out the patch set and opine on the technical merits of the patch. Project | ||
maintainers take into account the peer review when determining if there is | ||
consensus to merge a pull request (remember that discussions may have been | ||
spread out over GitHub, forums, email, and Slack discussions). The following | ||
language is used within pull-request comments: | ||
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- ACK means "I have tested the code and I agree it should be merged"; | ||
- NACK means "I disagree this should be merged", and must be accompanied by | ||
sound technical justification (or in certain cases of copyright/patent/licensing | ||
issues, legal justification). NACKs without accompanying reasoning may be | ||
disregarded; | ||
- utACK means "I have not tested the code, but I have reviewed it and it looks | ||
OK, I agree it can be merged"; | ||
- Concept ACK means "I agree in the general principle of this pull request"; | ||
- Nit refers to trivial, often non-blocking issues. | ||
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Reviewers should include the commit hash which they reviewed in their comments. | ||
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Project maintainers reserve the right to weigh the opinions of peer reviewers | ||
using common sense judgement and also may weight based on meritocracy: Those | ||
that have demonstrated a deeper commitment and understanding towards the project | ||
(over time) or have clear domain expertise may naturally have more weight, as | ||
one would expect in all walks of life. | ||
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Where a patch set affects consensus critical code, the bar will be set much | ||
higher in terms of discussion and peer review requirements, keeping in mind that | ||
mistakes could be very costly to the wider community. This includes refactoring | ||
of consensus critical code. | ||
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Where a patch set proposes to change the LogisCoin consensus, it must have been | ||
discussed extensively on the forums and Slack, be accompanied by a widely | ||
discussed Proposal and have a generally widely perceived technical consensus of being | ||
a worthwhile change based on the judgement of the maintainers. | ||
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### Finding Reviewers | ||
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As most reviewers are themselves developers with their own projects, the review | ||
process can be quite lengthy, and some amount of patience is required. If you find | ||
that you've been waiting for a pull request to be given attention for several | ||
months, there may be a number of reasons for this, some of which you can do something | ||
about: | ||
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- It may be because of a feature freeze due to an upcoming release. During this time, | ||
only bug fixes are taken into consideration. If your pull request is a new feature, | ||
it will not be prioritized until the release is over. Wait for release. | ||
- It may be because the changes you are suggesting do not appeal to people. Rather than | ||
nits and critique, which require effort and means they care enough to spend time on your | ||
contribution, thundering silence is a good sign of widespread (mild) dislike of a given change | ||
(because people don't assume *others* won't actually like the proposal). Don't take | ||
that personally, though! Instead, take another critical look at what you are suggesting | ||
and see if it: changes too much, is too broad, doesn't adhere to the | ||
[developer notes](doc/developer-notes.md), is dangerous or insecure, is messily written, etc. | ||
Identify and address any of the issues you find. Then ask e.g. on Slack if someone could give | ||
their opinion on the concept itself. | ||
- It may be because your code is too complex for all but a few people. And those people | ||
may not have realized your pull request even exists. A great way to find people who | ||
are qualified and care about the code you are touching is the | ||
[Git Blame feature](https://help.github.com/articles/tracing-changes-in-a-file/). Simply | ||
find the person touching the code you are touching before you and see if you can find | ||
them and give them a nudge. Don't be incessant about the nudging though. | ||
- Finally, if all else fails, ask on Slack or elsewhere for someone to give your pull request | ||
a look. If you think you've been waiting an unreasonably long amount of time (month+) for | ||
no particular reason (few lines changed, etc), this is totally fine. Try to return the favor | ||
when someone else is asking for feedback on their code, and universe balances out. | ||
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Release Policy | ||
-------------- | ||
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The project leader is the release manager for each LogisCoin Core release. | ||
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Copyright | ||
--------- | ||
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By contributing to this repository, you agree to license your work under the | ||
MIT license unless specified otherwise in `contrib/debian/copyright` or at | ||
the top of the file itself. Any work contributed where you are not the original | ||
author must contain its license header with the original author(s) and source. |
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Copyright (c) 2009-2015 Bitcoin Developers | ||
Copyright (c) 2014-2015 Dash Developers | ||
Copyright (c) 2015-2018 PIVX Developers | ||
Copyright (c) 2018 LogisCoin Developers | ||
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Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy | ||
of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal | ||
in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights | ||
to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell | ||
copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is | ||
furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: | ||
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The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in | ||
all copies or substantial portions of the Software. | ||
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THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR | ||
IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, | ||
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE | ||
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER | ||
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, | ||
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN | ||
THE SOFTWARE. |
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Building LogisCoin | ||
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Use the autogen script to prepare the build environment. | ||
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./autogen.sh | ||
./configure | ||
make | ||
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Always verify the signatures and checksums. | ||
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See doc/build-*.md for instructions on building logiscoind, | ||
the intended-for-services, no-graphical-interface, reference | ||
implementation of LogisCoin. |
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