Add BUILD_DEBIAN_PACKAGE option for Debian package support

[meetgandhi-dev]

Introduced the BUILD_DEBIAN_PACKAGE CMake option to enable building a Debian package for the library. When this option is enabled and the host system supports Debian, the library will be packaged accordingly.

Usage:
To enable debian package building:
`cmake -DBUILD_DEBIAN_PACKAGE=ON <other_config_options> ..

To build debian package:
make package
or
cpack

Type

• Bug fix (non-breaking change which fixes an issue): Fixes #
• New feature (non-breaking change which adds functionality). Resolves #
• Breaking change (fix or feature that would cause existing functionality to not work as expected) Resolves #

Motivation and Context

This feature simplifies installation by allowing users to generate a Debian package directly through CMake, adhering to standard packaging conventions and enabling seamless integration with package management tools like apt. By streamlining the development workflow, we empower developers to focus on feature enhancement while encouraging community contributions and customisation. Overall, this initiative broadens our library's reach and strengthens its position within the open-source ecosystem, making it more user-friendly and accessible.

Checklist:

• I have run python util/check_style.py --apply to apply Open3D code style
  to my code.
• This PR changes Open3D behavior or adds new functionality.
  • Both C++ (Doxygen) and Python (Sphinx / Google style) documentation is
    updated accordingly.
  • I have added or updated C++ and / or Python unit tests OR included test
    results (e.g. screenshots or numbers) here.
• I will follow up and update the code if CI fails.
• For fork PRs, I have selected Allow edits from maintainers.

Here is the summary of different outouts:

$ cmake -DBUILD_DEBIAN_PACKAGE=ON ..

configure.log

cpack

$ cpack
CPack: Create package using DEB
CPack: Install projects
CPack: - Run preinstall target for: Open3D
CPack: - Install project: Open3D []
CPack: Create package
CPackDeb: - Generating dependency list
CPack: - package: /home/meet/Open3D/build/package/open3d_0.18.0_amd64.deb generated.

Install manifests:

install_manifest.txt

[update-docs]

Thanks for submitting this pull request! The maintainers of this repository would appreciate if you could update the CHANGELOG.md based on your changes.

[ssheorey]

Hi @meetgandhi-dev This is a really useful PR. Can you add this to the CI, so we can test the resulting deb package?

You can add to the CI here. Essentially, just copy the steps we do for make package (tar.xz) (copying out of the docker container and uploading to github later, etc.). Let me know if you need help with this and I can help as well.

[meetgandhi-dev]

Hello @ssheorey
I have made the required changes as per my understanding. Let me know your feedback!

[ssheorey]

Hi @meetgandhi-dev can you check the CI? The deb package was not created (The CI runs on Ubuntu 20.04).

https://github.com/isl-org/Open3D/actions/runs/11086074701/job/30938149427?pr=6982#step:4:13576

[meetgandhi-dev]

Hello @ssheorey ,
I’ve attempted to resolve the issue. Could you please check again with the latest version?