Upgrade dependencies

[Maxxen]

GEOS 3.12 -> 3.13beta
GDAL 3.8 -> 3.9
PROJ 9.1.1 -> 9.4.1

[Maxxen]

Note to self:

• Don't build shell on windows as the sqlite symbols conflict
• GDAL requires cpp17 headers that's not available on our CI

[rcoup]

GDAL 3.10, GEOS 3.13, and Proj 9.5 are all out now... anything I can help with here?

FYI, there's also a change proposed for both GDAL and PROJ to formalise embedding resources (like proj.db) into the libraries based on your existing approach.

[Maxxen]

@rcoup Not really, we bumped to latest GEOS separately before DuckDB v1.1.1(I think..). We can't really move forward with latest GDAL because the c++17 requirement is not compatible with our CI setup, and ideally we want spatial to be available on older targets.

[rcoup]

By "our CI environment" do you mean https://github.com/duckdb/extension-ci-tools ?

The manylinux2014 toolchain has a newer GCC (v10) from Redhat such that it supports C++17, and there's newer GCC (v9/10/11/13) available from the Ubuntu team for 18.04. So should be possible...