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add bindexec
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DrDaveD committed Nov 14, 2024
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3 changes: 3 additions & 0 deletions ChangeLog
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
- Add a bindexec command.
- Add the variable SINGCVMFS_LOGDIR to override the location of the
cvmfs logs.
- Stop using $TMPDIR as a temporary variable name in cvmfsexec because it
might be already set and exported.

cvmfsexec-4.42 - 24 September 2024
- Add rhel9-aarch64 and rhel9-ppc64le machine types.
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41 changes: 41 additions & 0 deletions README.md
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Expand Up @@ -42,6 +42,10 @@ do this in 4 different ways:
unprivileged user namespaces enabled,
this can also be used with unprivileged singularity or apptainer.

In addition, this package contains a related tool called
[bindexec](#bindexec) which starts a new user namespace with given
bind mounts added.

# Supported operating systems

Operating systems currently supported by this package are Red Hat
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -356,3 +360,40 @@ $ mkfs.ext3 -F -O ^has_journal -d tmp scratch.img
By default the cvmfs logs are written to a top-level `log` directory, alongside
the top-level `dist` directory. The variable `SINGCVMFS_LOGDIR` can be used to
write them to a different directory, which will be created if it doesn't exist.

# bindexec

As a bonus, this package also includes a separate tool called `bindexec`
that accepts any set of bind mounts to add into a new unprivileged user
mount namespace. The usage is much like `cvmfsexec` except that instead
of cvmfs repository names you give it `src:dest` pairs where `src` is a
source directory or file and `dest` is a destination path. For example:

```
$ bindexec /etc/motd:/var/lib/mydir/motd -- ls /var/lib/mydir
motd
```

Like `cvmfsexec`, if no command is supplied after `--` it runs an
interactive shell.

Bind mounts require target destinations to exist, but if they are
missing `bindexec` will automatically create them. This requires the
fuse-overlayfs command to be in the PATH, although if there is demand
for it a script for making that easily distributable as well will be
supplied (probably through a `makedist` option).

Some system directories (`/proc`, `/sys`, `/dev`, and `/run`) are
included as-is on top of the overlay so anything bound into those
directories will not appear. In addition, any `nfs` filesystem types
are automatically added on top of the overlay because they don't work
properly through overlay, so no bind mounts will appear in those paths
either.

`bindexec` always creates a new process namespace because that's the
easiest way to make sure that the fuse-overlayfs process will exit when
the command exits. This means that processes start over at pid 1 and no
process can be seen outside of the namespace. Also because it is using
an unprivileged user namespace, any files owned by anyone other than the
current user will show up as being owned by `nobody` (just as it does in
`cvmfsexec`).
179 changes: 179 additions & 0 deletions bindexec
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
@@ -0,0 +1,179 @@
#!/bin/bash
# Add bind mounts in a user namespace and change to that space.
# Requires being able to run unshare -rm and the ability to do fuse mounts
# (kernel >= 4.18) and requires fuse-overlayfs.
# Written by Dave Dykstra November 2024, based heavily on cvmfsexec.

#set -x
#PS4='c$$+ '

VERSION=4.42

usage()
{
echo "Usage: bindexec [-v] [src:dest ...] -- [command]" >&2
echo " Bind mount each src to dest in new user mount namespace" >&2
echo " -v: print current version and exit" >&2
exit 1
}

# needed for pivot_root
PATH=$PATH:/usr/sbin

TMPD="$(mktemp -d /dev/shm/bindexec.XXXXXXXXXX)"
trap "rm -rf $TMPD" 0 # note that trap does not carry past exec
STARTFIFO=$TMPD/start
WAITFIFO=$TMPD/wait
mkfifo $STARTFIFO $WAITFIFO

# bash syntax {NAME}<&N doesn't work on older bashes such as the
# version 3.2.x on macOS Big Sur, and in fact it fails with an error
# message but not an error code, so test for it first to be able to
# gracefully die

if [ -n "$({TESTX}<&0 2>&1)" ]; then
echo "Cannot assign file descriptors to variables, bash version too old" >&2
exit 1
fi

# make a copy of stdin fd, for sending to the final command
exec {STDINCOPYFD}<&0
#export STDINCOPYFD

ORIGPWD=$PWD

# can't use OPTIND because it can't distinguish between -- there or missing
NOPTS=0
while getopts "v" OPTION; do
let NOPTS+=1
case $OPTION in
v) echo "$VERSION"
exit
;;
\?) usage
;;
esac
done
shift $NOPTS

BINDS=""
for ARG; do
if [ "$ARG" == "--" ]; then
break
fi
if [[ "$ARG" != *:* ]]; then
usage
fi
BINDS="$BINDS $ARG"
shift
done

if [ "$ARG" != "--" ]; then
usage
fi
shift

ORIGUID="$(id -u)"
ORIGGID="$(id -g)"

# Note that within the HERE document, unprotected $ substitutions are
# done by the surrounding shell, and \$ is within the unshare shell
unshare -rm -pf /bin/bash /dev/stdin "${@:-$SHELL}" <<!EOF-1!
#set -x
#PS4='c\$$+ '
# now in the first "fake root" namespace
mount -t proc proc /proc
mkdir -p $TMPD/upper $TMPD/work $TMPD/overlay
# put the bind mounts into the upper dir
for BIND in $BINDS; do
SRC="\${BIND%:*}"
DST="\${BIND#*:}"
if [ -d "\$SRC" ]; then
mkdir -p $TMPD/upper/\$DST
elif [ -f "\$SRC" ]; then
DSTDIR="\${DST%/*}"
if [ "\$DST" != "\$DSTDIR" ]; then
mkdir -p $TMPD/upper/\$DSTDIR
fi
touch $TMPD/upper/\$DST
else
echo "bindexec: \$SRC not found, skipping" >&2
fi
mount --bind \$SRC $TMPD/upper/\$DST
done
# Leave this bash running as PID 1, because most other
# programs won't handle signals & child reaping correctly.
# Note that all other processes in the namespaces will get
# a SIGKILL when PID 1 exits.
trap "" 1 2 3 15 # ignore all ordinary signals
fuse-overlayfs -o lowerdir=/,upperdir=$TMPD/upper,workdir=$TMPD/work $TMPD/overlay 2> >(grep -v lazytime >&2)
# put original system dirs on top of the overlay
mount -t proc proc $TMPD/overlay/proc
mount --rbind /sys $TMPD/overlay/sys
mount --rbind /dev $TMPD/overlay/dev
mount --rbind /run $TMPD/overlay/run
# also overlay nfs mounts because they don't work through overlay
mount|while read FROM X TO X TYPE REST; do
if [[ \$TYPE = nfs* ]]; then
mkdir -p $TMPD/overlay/\$TO
mount --bind \$TO $TMPD/overlay/\$TO
fi
done
# Start a second fake root namespace so we don't interfere with the
# fuse-overlayfs mount space when we do the pivot_root.
# Quoting the HERE document's delimeter makes this nested shell not
# interpret $ substitutions, but the previous one still does so
# need to use \$ when don't want first shell to expand.
unshare -rm /bin/bash /dev/stdin "\${@:-$SHELL}" <<'!EOF-2!'
#set -x
#PS4='c\$$+ '
(
# This is a background process for setting up the child's uid map
trap "" 1 2 3 15 # ignore ordinary signals
read PID
# set up uid/gid map
echo "$ORIGGID 0 1" >/proc/"\$PID"/gid_map
echo "$ORIGUID 0 1" >/proc/"\$PID"/uid_map
echo "ready" >$WAITFIFO
) <$STARTFIFO &
# Change to the new root. Would use chroot but it doesn't work.
mount --rbind $TMPD/overlay $TMPD/overlay # pivot_root requires this
cd $TMPD/overlay
mkdir -p .old-root
pivot_root . .old-root
cd $ORIGPWD
# Finally, start the user namespace with the original uid/gid
# This HERE document is also quoted and so the shell does not expand
exec unshare -U /bin/bash /dev/stdin "\${@:-$SHELL}" <<'!EOF-3!'
#set -x
#PS4='c\$$+ '
# now in the user namespace
echo "\$$" >$STARTFIFO
# wait for the uid/gid maps to be set up
read X <$WAITFIFO
exec "\$@" <&$STDINCOPYFD $STDINCOPYFD<&-
!EOF-3!
wait
exit \$RET
!EOF-2!
wait
exit \$RET
!EOF-1!

RET="$?"
wait
exit $RET
20 changes: 10 additions & 10 deletions cvmfsexec
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -39,13 +39,13 @@ elif [ "$MAJORKERN" -eq 3 -a "$MINORKERN" -eq 10 -a "$REVKERN" -ge 1127 ]; then
USERFUSE=true
fi

TMPDIR=$(mktemp -d)
trap "rm -rf $TMPDIR" 0 # note that trap does not carry past exec
CMDFIFO1=$TMPDIR/cmd1
WAITFIFO1=$TMPDIR/wait1
CMDFIFO2=$TMPDIR/cmd2
WAITFIFO2=$TMPDIR/wait2
FUNCS=$TMPDIR/funcs
TMPD=$(mktemp -d)
trap "rm -rf $TMPD" 0 # note that trap does not carry past exec
CMDFIFO1=$TMPD/cmd1
WAITFIFO1=$TMPD/wait1
CMDFIFO2=$TMPD/cmd2
WAITFIFO2=$TMPD/wait2
FUNCS=$TMPD/funcs

# create the fifos used for interprocess communication
mkfifo $CMDFIFO1 $WAITFIFO1 $CMDFIFO2 $WAITFIFO2
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -238,7 +238,7 @@ else
fi
./umountrepo $REPO >/dev/null
done
rm -rf $TMPDIR
rm -rf $TMPD
) &
fi

Expand All @@ -252,7 +252,7 @@ unshare -rm $UNSHAREOPTS /bin/bash /dev/stdin "${@:-$SHELL}" <<!EOF-1!
#set -x
#PS4='c\$$+ '
# now in the "fakeroot" namespace
trap "rm -rf $TMPDIR" 0 # note that this does not carry through "exec"
trap "rm -rf $TMPD" 0 # note that this does not carry through "exec"
mkdir -p $HERE/mnt
mount --rbind $HERE/mnt $HERE/mnt # pivot_root requires this mountpoint
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -411,7 +411,7 @@ unshare -rm $UNSHAREOPTS /bin/bash /dev/stdin "${@:-$SHELL}" <<!EOF-1!
# processes in the namespaces will get a SIGKILL when
# PID 1 exits.
EXEC=""
trap "rm -rf $TMPDIR" 0
trap "rm -rf $TMPD" 0
trap "" 1 2 3 15 # ignore all ordinary signals
else
EXEC=exec
Expand Down

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