This is version 2 of the rainforest crypto currency algorithm. It is designed to rebalance the mining power towards the users and not the big
corporations anymore. It achieves this by being extremely fast on modern 64-bit CPUs including low-power ones such as A53, still
efficient though not as fast on GPUs, and not affordable to implement at all on FPGAs or ASICs. It makes intensive use of
pseudo-random in-cache memory accesses and advanced instructions found in modern CPUs like AES, CRC, 64-bit divide, making
set-top-boxes and smartphones as fast as high-end PCs and as fast as mid-end GPUs.

Version 1 was presented and demoed on 2018-04-11 at the crypto-currency conference at Linz (Austria).

Slides were published here : https://www.slideshare.net/bschn2/the-rainforest-algorithm

Version 1 unfortunately suffered by an off-by-one calculation in the padding length resulting in 80-byte
hashes to be easily optimized. Version 2 fixes this and adds many rounds to prevent this in the future.
In addition it relies on some floating point operations that are always correct on 100% compliant IEEE-754
processors and GPUs but are hard to get right on FPGAs and ASICs which will often reduce precision. It also
uses a 96 MiB large work area which will roughly limit the mining parallelism to 8 threads per GiB of RAM.

It shows decent and homogenous performance on a wide range of hardware, from Raspberry Pi devices to
octa-core x86 processors and mid-range GPUs. High-end GPUs may not be able to fully exploit all their
cores if they don't have enough RAM. This is fair since it favors devices using less energy without
voiding the miners' investment.

This code is released under the MIT license.

All the amazing work and testing leading to version 2 is the result of a massive collaborative
effort from a nice team of people on GitHub who accepted to suggest, review, test, debug,
report, deploy, clean up, optimize and improve the code :

   @2acoin, @aivve, @andru-kun, @ClashLuke, @djm34, @endlessloop2,
   @jdelorme3, @LinuXperia, @MikeMurdo, @wtarreau,

and most particularly @itwysgsl for taking all the risks by using v1 on MicroBitcoin, providing
detailed feedback and build fixes, and without whom this work would never have started.

Thanks to everyone involved. For fairness between participants I purposely didn't mention
any full name eventhough some of them have shared them.

Bill.