Add concat || operator to agtype

Makefile

@@ -99,6 +99,7 @@ REGRESS = scan \
           analyze \
           graph_generation \
           name_validation \
+          jsonb_operators \
           drop
 
 srcdir=`pwd`

age--1.4.0.sql

@@ -1391,6 +1391,20 @@ CREATE OPERATOR ^ (
   RIGHTARG = agtype
 );
 
+CREATE FUNCTION ag_catalog.agtype_concat(agtype, agtype)
+RETURNS agtype
+LANGUAGE c
+STABLE
+RETURNS NULL ON NULL INPUT
+PARALLEL SAFE
+AS 'MODULE_PATHNAME';
+
+CREATE OPERATOR || (
+  FUNCTION = ag_catalog.agtype_concat,
+  LEFTARG = agtype,
+  RIGHTARG = agtype
+);
+
 CREATE FUNCTION ag_catalog.graphid_hash_cmp(graphid)
 RETURNS INTEGER
 LANGUAGE c

regress/sql/jsonb_operators.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+ * or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+ * distributed with this work for additional information
+ * regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+ * to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+ * "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+ * with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+ * software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+ * "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+ * KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+ * specific language governing permissions and limitations
+ * under the License.
+ */
+
+LOAD 'age';
+SET search_path TO ag_catalog;
+
+--
+-- jsonb operators in AGE (?, ?&, ?|, ->, ->>, #>, #>>, ||)
+--
+
+--
+-- concat || operator
+--
+SELECT i, pg_typeof(i) FROM (SELECT '[0, 1]'::agtype || '[0, 1]'::agtype as i) a;
+
+SELECT i, pg_typeof(i) FROM (SELECT '2'::agtype || '[0, 1]'::agtype as i) a;
+SELECT i, pg_typeof(i) FROM (SELECT '[0, 1]'::agtype || '2'::agtype as i) a;
+
+SELECT i, pg_typeof(i) FROM (SELECT '{"a": 1}'::agtype || '[0, 1]'::agtype as i) a;
+SELECT i, pg_typeof(i) FROM (SELECT '[0, 1]'::agtype || '{"a": 1}'::agtype as i) a;
+
+SELECT i, pg_typeof(i) FROM (SELECT '[]'::agtype || '[0, 1]'::agtype as i) a;
+SELECT i, pg_typeof(i) FROM (SELECT '[0, 1]'::agtype || '[]'::agtype as i) a;
+SELECT i, pg_typeof(i) FROM (SELECT 'null'::agtype || '[0, 1]'::agtype as i) a;
+SELECT i, pg_typeof(i) FROM (SELECT '[0, 1]'::agtype || 'null'::agtype as i) a;
+SELECT i, pg_typeof(i) FROM (SELECT '[null]'::agtype || '[0, 1]'::agtype as i) a;
+SELECT i, pg_typeof(i) FROM (SELECT '[0, 1]'::agtype || '[null]'::agtype as i) a;
+
+SELECT i, pg_typeof(i) FROM (SELECT NULL || '[0, 1]'::agtype as i) a;
+SELECT i, pg_typeof(i) FROM (SELECT '[0, 1]'::agtype || NULL as i) a;
+
+-- both operands are objects
+SELECT '{"aa":1 , "b":2, "cq":3}'::agtype || '{"cq":"l", "b":"g", "fg":false}';
+SELECT '{"aa":1 , "b":2, "cq":3}'::agtype || '{"aq":"l"}';
+SELECT '{"aa":1 , "b":2, "cq":3}'::agtype || '{"aa":"l"}';
+SELECT '{"aa":1 , "b":2, "cq":3}'::agtype || '{}';
+SELECT '{"aa":1 , "b":2, "cq":3, "cj": {"fg": true}}'::agtype || '{"cq":"l", "b":"g", "fg":false}';
+SELECT '{"a": 13}'::agtype || '{"a": 13}'::agtype;
+SELECT '{}'::agtype || '{"a":"b"}'::agtype;
+SELECT '{}'::agtype || '{}'::agtype;
+
+-- both operands are arrays
+SELECT '["a", "b"]'::agtype || '["c"]';
+SELECT '["a", "b"]'::agtype || '["c", "d"]';
+SELECT '["a", "b"]'::agtype || '["c", "d", "d"]';
+SELECT '["c"]' || '["a", "b"]'::agtype;
+SELECT '[]'::agtype || '["a"]'::agtype;
+SELECT '[]'::agtype || '[]'::agtype;
+
+SELECT '["a", "b"]'::agtype || '"c"';
+SELECT '"c"' || '["a", "b"]'::agtype;
+SELECT '[]'::agtype || '"a"'::agtype;
+SELECT '"b"'::agtype || '"a"'::agtype;
+SELECT '3'::agtype || '[]'::agtype;
+SELECT '3'::agtype || '4'::agtype;
+SELECT '3'::agtype || '[4]';
+SELECT '3::numeric'::agtype || '[[]]'::agtype;
+SELECT null::agtype || null::agtype;
+
+-- array and object as operands
+SELECT '{"aa":1 , "b":2, "cq":3}'::agtype || '[{"aa":"l"}]';
+SELECT '{"aa":1 , "b":2, "cq":3}'::agtype || '[{"aa":"l", "aa": "k"}]';
+SELECT '{"a": 13}'::agtype || '[{"a": 13}]'::agtype;
+SELECT '[]'::agtype || '{"a":"b"}'::agtype;
+SELECT '{"a":"b"}'::agtype || '[]'::agtype;
+SELECT '[]'::agtype || '{}'::agtype;
+SELECT '[3]'::agtype || '{}'::agtype;
+SELECT '{}'::agtype || '[null]'::agtype;
+SELECT '[null]'::agtype || '{"a": null}'::agtype;
+SELECT '""'::agtype || '[]'::agtype;
+
+-- vertex/edge/path as operand(s)
+SELECT '{"id": 1688849860263937, "label": "EDGE", "end_id": 1970324836974593, "start_id": 1407374883553281, "properties": {"a": "xyz", "b" : true, "c": -19.888, "e": {"f": "abcdef", "g": {}, "h": [[], {}]}, "i": {"j": 199, "k": {"l": "mnopq"}}}}::edge'::agtype || '"id"';
+SELECT '{"id": 1688849860263937, "label": "EDGE", "end_id": 1970324836974593, "start_id": 1407374883553281, "properties": {"a": "xyz", "b" : true, "c": -19.888, "e": {"f": "abcdef", "g": {}, "h": [[], {}]}, "i": {"j": 199, "k": {"l": "mnopq"}}}}::edge'::agtype || '"m"';
+SELECT '{"id": 1688849860263937, "label": "EDGE", "end_id": 1970324836974593, "start_id": 1407374883553281, "properties": {"a": "xyz", "b" : true, "c": -19.888, "e": {"f": "abcdef", "g": {}, "h": [[], {}]}, "i": {"j": 199, "k": {"l": "mnopq"}}}}::edge'::agtype || '{"m": []}';
+SELECT '{"id": 844424930131969, "label": "v", "properties": {}}::vertex'::agtype || '{"id": 844424930131971, "label": "v", "properties": {"key": "value"}}::vertex'::agtype;
+SELECT '{"id": 844424930131969, "label": "v", "properties": {}}::vertex'::agtype || '[]'::agtype;
+SELECT '{"id": 844424930131969, "label": "v", "properties": {}}::vertex'::agtype || '{}'::agtype;
+SELECT '{}'::agtype || '{"id": 844424930131969, "label": "v", "properties": {}}::vertex'::agtype;
+SELECT '"id"'::agtype || '{"id": 844424930131969, "label": "v", "properties": {}}::vertex'::agtype;
+SELECT '{"id": 844424930131969, "label": "v", "properties": {}}::vertex'::agtype || '{"id": 1688849860263950, "label": "e_var", "end_id": 281474976710662, "start_id": 281474976710661, "properties": {}}::edge'::agtype;
+SELECT '[{"id": 281474976710672, "label": "", "properties": {}}::vertex, {"id": 1688849860263960, "label": "e_var", "end_id": 281474976710673, "start_id": 281474976710672, "properties": {}}::edge, {"id": 281474976710673, "label": "", "properties": {}}::vertex]::path'::agtype || '{"id": 844424930131969, "label": "v", "properties": {}}::vertex'::agtype;
+SELECT '[{"id": 281474976710672, "label": "", "properties": {}}::vertex, {"id": 1688849860263960, "label": "e_var", "end_id": 281474976710673, "start_id": 281474976710672, "properties": {}}::edge, {"id": 281474976710673, "label": "", "properties": {}}::vertex]::path'::agtype || '[{"id": 281474976710672, "label": "", "properties": {}}::vertex, {"id": 1688849860263960, "label": "e_var", "end_id": 281474976710673, "start_id": 281474976710672, "properties": {}}::edge, {"id": 281474976710673, "label": "", "properties": {}}::vertex]::path'::agtype;
+
+-- using concat more than once in a query
+SELECT '{}'::agtype || '{}'::agtype || '[{}]'::agtype;
+SELECT '{"y": {}}'::agtype || '{"b": "5"}'::agtype || '{"a": {}}'::agtype || '{"z": []}'::agtype;
+SELECT '{"y": {}}'::agtype || '{"b": "5"}'::agtype || '{"a": {}}'::agtype || '{"z": []}'::agtype || '[]'::agtype;
+SELECT '{"y": {}}'::agtype || '{"b": "5"}'::agtype || '{"a": {}}'::agtype || '{"z": []}'::agtype || '[]'::agtype || '{}';
+SELECT '"e"'::agtype || '1'::agtype || '{}'::agtype;
+SELECT ('"e"'::agtype || '1'::agtype) || '{"[]": "p"}'::agtype;
+SELECT '{"{}": {"a": []}}'::agtype || '{"{}": {"[]": []}}'::agtype || '{"{}": {}}'::agtype;
+SELECT '{}'::agtype || '{}'::agtype || '[{}]'::agtype || '[{}]'::agtype || '{}'::agtype;
+
+-- should give an error
+SELECT '{"a": 13}'::agtype || 'null'::agtype;
+SELECT '"a"'::agtype || '{"a":1}';
+SELECT '3'::agtype || '{}'::agtype;
+SELECT '{"a":1}' || '"a"'::agtype;
+SELECT '{"b": [1, 2, {"[{}, {}]": "a"}, {"1": {}}]}'::agtype || true::agtype;
+SELECT '{"b": [1, 2, {"[{}, {}]": "a"}, {"1": {}}]}'::agtype || 'true'::agtype;
+SELECT '{"b": [1, 2, {"[{}, {}]": "a"}, {"1": {}}]}'::agtype || age_agtype_sum('1', '2');
+SELECT ('{"a": "5"}'::agtype || '{"a": {}}'::agtype) || '5'::agtype;
+SELECT ('{"a": "5"}'::agtype || '{"a": {}}'::agtype || '5') || '[5]'::agtype;
+-- both operands have to be of agtype
+SELECT '3'::agtype || 4;
+SELECT '3'::agtype || true;
+
+--
+-- jsonb operators inside cypher queries
+--
+SELECT create_graph('jsonb_operators');
+
+SELECT * FROM cypher('jsonb_operators',$$CREATE ({list:['a', 'b', 'c'], json:{a:1, b:['a', 'b'], c:{d:'a'}}})$$) as (a agtype);
+
+--
+-- concat || operator
+--
+SELECT * FROM cypher('jsonb_operators', $$ RETURN [1,2] || 2 $$) AS (result agtype);
+SELECT * FROM cypher('jsonb_operators', $$ RETURN true || false $$) AS (result agtype);
+SELECT * FROM cypher('jsonb_operators', $$ RETURN true || false || {a: 'string'} $$) AS (result agtype);
+SELECT * FROM cypher('jsonb_operators', $$ RETURN true || false || {a: 'string'} || true $$) AS (result agtype);
+
+SELECT * FROM cypher('jsonb_operators', $$ WITH [1,2,3] AS m WITH m, m || 'string' AS n RETURN n $$) AS (result agtype);
+SELECT * FROM cypher('jsonb_operators', $$ WITH [1,2,3] AS m WITH m, m || {a: 1::numeric} AS n RETURN n $$) AS (result agtype);
+SELECT * FROM cypher('jsonb_operators', $$ WITH {a: [1,2,3]} AS m WITH m, m || {a: 1::numeric} AS n RETURN n $$) AS (result agtype);
+SELECT * FROM cypher('jsonb_operators', $$ WITH {b: [1,2,3]} AS m WITH m, m || {a: 1::numeric} AS n RETURN n $$) AS (result agtype);
+
+SELECT * FROM cypher('jsonb_operators', $$ MATCH(n) RETURN n || 1 || 'string' $$) AS (result agtype);
+SELECT * FROM cypher('jsonb_operators', $$ MATCH(n) RETURN n || {list: [true, null]} $$) AS (result agtype);
+SELECT * FROM cypher('jsonb_operators', $$ MATCH (n) MATCH(m) RETURN n || m $$) AS (result agtype);
+SELECT * FROM cypher('jsonb_operators', $$ MATCH (n) RETURN n.list || [1, 2, 3] $$) AS (result agtype);
+SELECT * FROM cypher('jsonb_operators', $$ MATCH (n) RETURN n.json || [1, 2, 3] $$) AS (result agtype);
+SELECT * FROM cypher('jsonb_operators', $$ MATCH (n) RETURN n.json || n.json $$) AS (result agtype);
+SELECT * FROM cypher('jsonb_operators', $$ MATCH (n) RETURN n.json || n $$) AS (result agtype);
+
+-- should give an error
+SELECT * FROM cypher('jsonb_operators', $$ RETURN true || {a: 'string'} || true $$) AS (result agtype);
+SELECT * FROM cypher('jsonb_operators', $$ WITH 'b' AS m WITH m, m || {a: 1} AS n RETURN n $$) AS (result agtype);
+SELECT * FROM cypher('jsonb_operators', $$ MATCH (n) RETURN n.json || 1 $$) AS (result agtype);
+
+-- clean up
+SELECT drop_graph('jsonb_operators', true);

src/backend/parser/ag_scanner.l

@@ -227,6 +227,7 @@ param \${id}
  * These are tokens that are used as operators and language constructs in
  * Cypher, and some of them are structural characters in JSON.
  */
+concat   "||"
 lt_gt    "<>"
 lt_eq    "<="
 gt_eq    ">="
@@ -642,6 +643,14 @@ ag_token token;
     return token;
 }
 
+{concat} {
+    update_location();
+    token.type = AG_TOKEN_CONCAT;
+    token.value.s = yytext;
+    token.location = get_location();
+    return token;
+}
+
 {lt_gt} {
     update_location();
     token.type = AG_TOKEN_LT_GT;

src/backend/parser/cypher_gram.y

@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@
 %token <string> PARAMETER
 
 /* operators that have more than 1 character */
-%token NOT_EQ LT_EQ GT_EQ DOT_DOT TYPECAST PLUS_EQ EQ_TILDE
+%token NOT_EQ LT_EQ GT_EQ DOT_DOT TYPECAST PLUS_EQ EQ_TILDE CONCAT
 
 /* keywords in alphabetical order */
 %token <keyword> ALL ANALYZE AND AS ASC ASCENDING
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@
 %left XOR
 %right NOT
 %left '=' NOT_EQ '<' LT_EQ '>' GT_EQ
-%left '+' '-'
+%left '+' '-' CONCAT
 %left '*' '/' '%'
 %left '^'
 %nonassoc IN IS
@@ -1324,6 +1324,10 @@ expr:
         {
             $$ = build_comparison_expression($1, $3, ">=", @2);
         }
+    | expr CONCAT expr
+        {
+            $$ = (Node *)makeSimpleA_Expr(AEXPR_OP, "||", $1, $3, @2);
+        }
     | expr '+' expr
         {
             $$ = (Node *)makeSimpleA_Expr(AEXPR_OP, "+", $1, $3, @2);

src/backend/parser/cypher_parser.c

@@ -46,7 +46,8 @@ int cypher_yylex(YYSTYPE *lvalp, YYLTYPE *llocp, ag_scanner_t scanner)
         DOT_DOT,
         TYPECAST,
         PLUS_EQ,
-        EQ_TILDE
+        EQ_TILDE,
+        CONCAT
     };
 
     ag_token token;
@@ -98,6 +99,7 @@ int cypher_yylex(YYSTYPE *lvalp, YYLTYPE *llocp, ag_scanner_t scanner)
     case AG_TOKEN_DOT_DOT:
     case AG_TOKEN_PLUS_EQ:
     case AG_TOKEN_EQ_TILDE:
+    case AG_TOKEN_CONCAT:
         break;
     case AG_TOKEN_TYPECAST:
         break;