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@IhorNehrutsa
IhorNehrutsa committed Dec 5, 2024
1 parent 1e9064b commit 81a29d0
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Showing 6 changed files with 293 additions and 463 deletions.
10 changes: 5 additions & 5 deletions docs/esp32/quickref.rst
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -307,11 +307,11 @@ Use the :ref:`machine.PWM <machine.PWM>` class::
freq = pwm0.freq() # get current frequency
pwm0.freq(1000) # set PWM frequency from 1Hz to 40MHz

duty = pwm0.duty() # get current duty cycle, range 0-1024 (default 512, 50%)
pwm0.duty(256) # set duty cycle from 0 to 1024 as a ratio duty/1024, (now 25%)
duty = pwm0.duty() # get current duty cycle, range 0-1023 (default 512, 50%)
pwm0.duty(256) # set duty cycle from 0 to 1023 as a ratio duty/1023, (now 25%)

duty_u16 = pwm0.duty_u16() # get current duty cycle, range 0-65536
pwm0.duty_u16(2**16*3//4) # set duty cycle from 0 to 65536 as a ratio duty_u16/65536, (now 75%)
duty_u16 = pwm0.duty_u16() # get current duty cycle, range 0-65535
pwm0.duty_u16(2**16*3//4) # set duty cycle from 0 to 65535 as a ratio duty_u16/65535, (now 75%)

duty_ns = pwm0.duty_ns() # get current pulse width in ns
pwm0.duty_ns(250_000) # set pulse width in nanoseconds from 0 to 1_000_000_000/freq, (now 25%)
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -351,7 +351,7 @@ Note: New PWM parameters take effect in the next PWM cycle.

pwm = PWM(2, duty=512)
print(pwm)
>>>PWM(Pin(2), freq=5000, duty=1024) # the duty is not relevant
>>>PWM(Pin(2), freq=5000, duty=1023) # the duty is not relevant
pwm.init(freq=2, duty=64)
print(pwm)
>>>PWM(Pin(2), freq=2, duty=16) # the duty is not relevant
Expand Down
183 changes: 91 additions & 92 deletions docs/esp32/tutorial/pwm.rst
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Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -16,14 +16,16 @@ low all of the time.
from time import sleep
from machine import Pin, PWM
try:
f = 100 # Hz
d = 2**16 // 16 # 6.25%
F = 10000 # Hz
D = 2**16 // 16 # 6.25%
pins = (2, 4, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 18, 19, 22, 23, 25, 26, 27, 32, 33)
pwms = []
for i, pin in enumerate(pins):
pwms.append(PWM(Pin(pin), freq=f * (i // 2 + 1), duty_u16=min(2**16 - 1, d * (i + 1))))
f = F * (i // 2 + 1)
d = min(2**16 - 1, D * (i + 1))
pwms.append(PWM(pin, freq=f, duty_u16=d))
sleep(1/f)
print(pwms[i])
sleep(60)
finally:
for pwm in pwms:
try:
Expand All @@ -33,40 +35,41 @@ low all of the time.

Output is::

PWM(Pin(2), freq=100, duty_u16=4096) # resolution=16, (duty=6.25%, resolution=0.002%), mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(4), freq=100, duty_u16=8192) # resolution=16, (duty=12.50%, resolution=0.002%), mode=0, channel=1, timer=0
PWM(Pin(12), freq=199, duty_u16=12288) # resolution=16, (duty=18.75%, resolution=0.002%), mode=0, channel=2, timer=1
PWM(Pin(13), freq=199, duty_u16=16384) # resolution=16, (duty=25.00%, resolution=0.002%), mode=0, channel=3, timer=1
PWM(Pin(14), freq=299, duty_u16=20480) # resolution=16, (duty=31.25%, resolution=0.002%), mode=0, channel=4, timer=2
PWM(Pin(15), freq=299, duty_u16=24576) # resolution=16, (duty=37.50%, resolution=0.002%), mode=0, channel=5, timer=2
PWM(Pin(16), freq=400, duty_u16=28672) # resolution=16, (duty=43.75%, resolution=0.002%), mode=0, channel=6, timer=3
PWM(Pin(18), freq=400, duty_u16=32768) # resolution=16, (duty=50.00%, resolution=0.002%), mode=0, channel=7, timer=3
PWM(Pin(19), freq=500, duty_u16=36864) # resolution=16, (duty=56.25%, resolution=0.002%), mode=1, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(22), freq=500, duty_u16=40960) # resolution=16, (duty=62.50%, resolution=0.002%), mode=1, channel=1, timer=0
PWM(Pin(23), freq=599, duty_u16=45056) # resolution=16, (duty=68.75%, resolution=0.002%), mode=1, channel=2, timer=1
PWM(Pin(25), freq=599, duty_u16=49152) # resolution=16, (duty=75.00%, resolution=0.002%), mode=1, channel=3, timer=1
PWM(Pin(26), freq=700, duty_u16=53248) # resolution=16, (duty=81.25%, resolution=0.002%), mode=1, channel=4, timer=2
PWM(Pin(27), freq=700, duty_u16=57344) # resolution=16, (duty=87.50%, resolution=0.002%), mode=1, channel=5, timer=2
PWM(Pin(32), freq=799, duty_u16=61440) # resolution=16, (duty=93.75%, resolution=0.002%), mode=1, channel=6, timer=3
PWM(Pin(33), freq=799, duty_u16=65536) # resolution=16, (duty=100.00%, resolution=0.002%), mode=1, channel=7, timer=3
PWM(Pin(2), freq=10000, duty_u16=4096) # duty=6.25%, raw_duty=256, resolution=12, mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(4), freq=10000, duty_u16=8192) # duty=12.50%, raw_duty=512, resolution=12, mode=0, channel=1, timer=0
PWM(Pin(12), freq=20000, duty_u16=12288) # duty=18.75%, raw_duty=384, resolution=11, mode=0, channel=2, timer=1
PWM(Pin(13), freq=20000, duty_u16=16384) # duty=25.00%, raw_duty=512, resolution=11, mode=0, channel=3, timer=1
PWM(Pin(14), freq=30030, duty_u16=20480) # duty=31.25%, raw_duty=640, resolution=11, mode=0, channel=4, timer=2
PWM(Pin(15), freq=30030, duty_u16=24576) # duty=37.50%, raw_duty=768, resolution=11, mode=0, channel=5, timer=2
PWM(Pin(16), freq=40000, duty_u16=28672) # duty=43.75%, raw_duty=448, resolution=10, mode=0, channel=6, timer=3
PWM(Pin(18), freq=40000, duty_u16=32768) # duty=50.00%, raw_duty=512, resolution=10, mode=0, channel=7, timer=3
PWM(Pin(19), freq=50000, duty_u16=36864) # duty=56.25%, raw_duty=576, resolution=10, mode=1, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(22), freq=50000, duty_u16=40960) # duty=62.50%, raw_duty=640, resolution=10, mode=1, channel=1, timer=0
PWM(Pin(23), freq=60060, duty_u16=45056) # duty=68.75%, raw_duty=704, resolution=10, mode=1, channel=2, timer=1
PWM(Pin(25), freq=60060, duty_u16=49152) # duty=75.00%, raw_duty=768, resolution=10, mode=1, channel=3, timer=1
PWM(Pin(26), freq=69930, duty_u16=53248) # duty=81.25%, raw_duty=832, resolution=10, mode=1, channel=4, timer=2
PWM(Pin(27), freq=69930, duty_u16=57344) # duty=87.50%, raw_duty=896, resolution=10, mode=1, channel=5, timer=2
PWM(Pin(32), freq=80000, duty_u16=61440) # duty=93.75%, raw_duty=480, resolution=9, mode=1, channel=6, timer=3
PWM(Pin(33), freq=80000, duty_u16=65535) # duty=100.00%, raw_duty=0, resolution=9, mode=1, channel=7, timer=3


* Example of a **smooth frequency change**::

from time import sleep
from machine import Pin, PWM

F_MIN = 100
F_MAX = 1000
F_MIN = 1000
F_MAX = 10000

f = F_MIN
delta_f = 100
delta_f = F_MAX // 50

p = PWM(Pin(27), f)
pwm = PWM(Pin(27), f)

while True:
p.freq(f)
print(p)
pwm.freq(f)
sleep(1/f)
print(pwm)

sleep(.2)

Expand All @@ -83,28 +86,25 @@ low all of the time.

Output is::

PWM(Pin(27), freq=100, duty=512) # resolution=16, (duty=50.00%, resolution=0.002%), mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(27), freq=199, duty=512) # resolution=16, (duty=50.00%, resolution=0.002%), mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(27), freq=299, duty=512) # resolution=16, (duty=50.00%, resolution=0.002%), mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(27), freq=400, duty=512) # resolution=16, (duty=50.00%, resolution=0.002%), mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(27), freq=500, duty=512) # resolution=16, (duty=50.00%, resolution=0.002%), mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(27), freq=599, duty=512) # resolution=16, (duty=50.00%, resolution=0.002%), mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(27), freq=700, duty=512) # resolution=16, (duty=50.00%, resolution=0.002%), mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(27), freq=799, duty=512) # resolution=16, (duty=50.00%, resolution=0.002%), mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(27), freq=900, duty=512) # resolution=16, (duty=50.00%, resolution=0.002%), mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(27), freq=998, duty=512) # resolution=16, (duty=50.00%, resolution=0.002%), mode=0, channel=0, timer=0

PWM(Pin(27), freq=998, duty=512) # resolution=16, (duty=50.00%, resolution=0.002%), mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(27), freq=900, duty=512) # resolution=16, (duty=50.00%, resolution=0.002%), mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(27), freq=799, duty=512) # resolution=16, (duty=50.00%, resolution=0.002%), mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(27), freq=700, duty=512) # resolution=16, (duty=50.00%, resolution=0.002%), mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(27), freq=599, duty=512) # resolution=16, (duty=50.00%, resolution=0.002%), mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(27), freq=500, duty=512) # resolution=16, (duty=50.00%, resolution=0.002%), mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(27), freq=400, duty=512) # resolution=16, (duty=50.00%, resolution=0.002%), mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(27), freq=299, duty=512) # resolution=16, (duty=50.00%, resolution=0.002%), mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(27), freq=199, duty=512) # resolution=16, (duty=50.00%, resolution=0.002%), mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(27), freq=100, duty=512) # resolution=16, (duty=50.00%, resolution=0.002%), mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
...
PWM(Pin(27), freq=998, duty_u16=32768) # duty=50.00%, raw_duty=32768, resolution=16, mode=0, channel=0, timer=2
PWM(Pin(27), freq=1202, duty_u16=32768) # duty=50.00%, raw_duty=32768, resolution=16, mode=0, channel=0, timer=2
PWM(Pin(27), freq=1401, duty_u16=65536) # duty=100.00%, raw_duty=32768, resolution=15, mode=0, channel=0, timer=2
PWM(Pin(27), freq=1598, duty_u16=32768) # duty=50.00%, raw_duty=16384, resolution=15, mode=0, channel=0, timer=2
...
PWM(Pin(27), freq=9398, duty_u16=32768) # duty=50.00%, raw_duty=4096, resolution=13, mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(27), freq=9615, duty_u16=32768) # duty=50.00%, raw_duty=4096, resolution=13, mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(27), freq=9804, duty_u16=32768) # duty=50.00%, raw_duty=2048, resolution=12, mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(27), freq=10000, duty_u16=32768) # duty=50.00%, raw_duty=2048, resolution=12, mode=0, channel=0, timer=1

PWM(Pin(27), freq=10000, duty_u16=32768) # duty=50.00%, raw_duty=2048, resolution=12, mode=0, channel=0, timer=1
PWM(Pin(27), freq=9804, duty_u16=32768) # duty=50.00%, raw_duty=2048, resolution=12, mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(27), freq=9615, duty_u16=32768) # duty=50.00%, raw_duty=4096, resolution=13, mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(27), freq=9398, duty_u16=32768) # duty=50.00%, raw_duty=4096, resolution=13, mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
...
PWM(Pin(27), freq=1598, duty_u16=32768) # duty=50.00%, raw_duty=16384, resolution=15, mode=0, channel=0, timer=2
PWM(Pin(27), freq=1401, duty_u16=32768) # duty=50.00%, raw_duty=16384, resolution=15, mode=0, channel=0, timer=2
PWM(Pin(27), freq=1202, duty_u16=16384) # duty=25.00%, raw_duty=16384, resolution=16, mode=0, channel=0, timer=2
PWM(Pin(27), freq=998, duty_u16=32768) # duty=50.00%, raw_duty=32768, resolution=16, mode=0, channel=0, timer=2


* Example of a **smooth duty change**::
Expand All @@ -117,59 +117,54 @@ low all of the time.
duty_u16 = 0
delta_d = 256

pwm = PWM(Pin(27), 1000, duty_u16=duty_u16)
print(pwm)
pwm = PWM(Pin(27), freq=1000, duty_u16=duty_u16)

while True:
pwm.duty_u16(duty_u16)

sleep(.001)

sleep(2/pwm.freq())
print(pwm)

if duty_u16 >= DUTY_MAX:
print()
sleep(2)
elif duty_u16 <= 0:
print()
sleep(2)

duty_u16 += delta_d
if duty_u16 >= DUTY_MAX:
duty_u16 = DUTY_MAX
delta_d = -delta_d
print()
elif duty_u16 <= 0:
duty_u16 = 0
delta_d = -delta_d
print()

See `PWM wave on Pin(27) with an oscilloscope. <https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/70886343/224020123-1c958e85-0c91-4ca6-8b4c-b3bb956892b1.mp4>`_

Output is::

PWM(Pin(27), freq=998, duty_u16=0) # resolution=16, (duty=0.00%, resolution=0.002%), mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(27), freq=998, duty_u16=256) # resolution=16, (duty=0.39%, resolution=0.002%), mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(27), freq=998, duty_u16=512) # resolution=16, (duty=0.78%, resolution=0.002%), mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(27), freq=998, duty_u16=768) # resolution=16, (duty=1.17%, resolution=0.002%), mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(27), freq=998, duty_u16=1024) # resolution=16, (duty=1.56%, resolution=0.002%), mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(27), freq=998, duty_u16=0) # duty=0.00%, raw_duty=0, resolution=16, mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(27), freq=998, duty_u16=256) # duty=0.39%, raw_duty=256, resolution=16, mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(27), freq=998, duty_u16=512) # duty=0.78%, raw_duty=512, resolution=16, mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(27), freq=998, duty_u16=768) # duty=1.17%, raw_duty=768, resolution=16, mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(27), freq=998, duty_u16=1024) # duty=1.56%, raw_duty=1024, resolution=16, mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
...
PWM(Pin(27), freq=998, duty_u16=64256) # resolution=16, (duty=98.05%, resolution=0.002%), mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(27), freq=998, duty_u16=64512) # resolution=16, (duty=98.44%, resolution=0.002%), mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(27), freq=998, duty_u16=64768) # resolution=16, (duty=98.83%, resolution=0.002%), mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(27), freq=998, duty_u16=65024) # resolution=16, (duty=99.22%, resolution=0.002%), mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(27), freq=998, duty_u16=65280) # resolution=16, (duty=99.61%, resolution=0.002%), mode=0, channel=0, timer=0

PWM(Pin(27), freq=998, duty_u16=65536) # resolution=16, (duty=100.00%, resolution=0.002%), mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(27), freq=998, duty_u16=65279) # resolution=16, (duty=99.61%, resolution=0.002%), mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(27), freq=998, duty_u16=65023) # resolution=16, (duty=99.22%, resolution=0.002%), mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(27), freq=998, duty_u16=64767) # resolution=16, (duty=98.83%, resolution=0.002%), mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(27), freq=998, duty_u16=64511) # resolution=16, (duty=98.44%, resolution=0.002%), mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(27), freq=998, duty_u16=64512) # duty=98.44%, raw_duty=64512, resolution=16, mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(27), freq=998, duty_u16=64768) # duty=98.83%, raw_duty=64768, resolution=16, mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(27), freq=998, duty_u16=65024) # duty=99.22%, raw_duty=65024, resolution=16, mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(27), freq=998, duty_u16=65280) # duty=99.61%, raw_duty=65280, resolution=16, mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(27), freq=998, duty_u16=65535) # duty=100.00%, raw_duty=0, resolution=16, mode=0, channel=0, timer=0

PWM(Pin(27), freq=998, duty_u16=65279) # duty=99.61%, raw_duty=65279, resolution=16, mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(27), freq=998, duty_u16=65023) # duty=99.22%, raw_duty=65023, resolution=16, mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(27), freq=998, duty_u16=64767) # duty=98.83%, raw_duty=64767, resolution=16, mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(27), freq=998, duty_u16=64511) # duty=98.44%, raw_duty=64511, resolution=16, mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
...
PWM(Pin(27), freq=998, duty_u16=1279) # resolution=16, (duty=1.95%, resolution=0.002%), mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(27), freq=998, duty_u16=1024) # resolution=16, (duty=1.56%, resolution=0.002%), mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(27), freq=998, duty_u16=767) # resolution=16, (duty=1.17%, resolution=0.002%), mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(27), freq=998, duty_u16=511) # resolution=16, (duty=0.78%, resolution=0.002%), mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(27), freq=998, duty_u16=255) # resolution=16, (duty=0.39%, resolution=0.002%), mode=0, channel=0, timer=0

PWM(Pin(27), freq=998, duty_u16=0) # resolution=16, (duty=0.00%, resolution=0.002%), mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(27), freq=998, duty_u16=256) # resolution=16, (duty=0.39%, resolution=0.002%), mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(27), freq=998, duty_u16=512) # resolution=16, (duty=0.78%, resolution=0.002%), mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(27), freq=998, duty_u16=768) # resolution=16, (duty=1.17%, resolution=0.002%), mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(27), freq=998, duty_u16=1024) # resolution=16, (duty=1.56%, resolution=0.002%), mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(27), freq=998, duty_u16=1023) # duty=1.56%, raw_duty=1023, resolution=16, mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(27), freq=998, duty_u16=767) # duty=1.17%, raw_duty=767, resolution=16, mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(27), freq=998, duty_u16=511) # duty=0.78%, raw_duty=511, resolution=16, mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(27), freq=998, duty_u16=255) # duty=0.39%, raw_duty=255, resolution=16, mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(27), freq=998, duty_u16=0) # duty=0.00%, raw_duty=0, resolution=16, mode=0, channel=0, timer=0


* Example of a **smooth duty change and PWM output inversion**::
Expand All @@ -183,8 +178,8 @@ low all of the time.
duty_u16 = 0
delta_d = 2**16 // 32

pwm = PWM(Pin(27), 5000)
pwmi = PWM(Pin(32), 5000, invert=1)
pwm = PWM(Pin(27))
pwmi = PWM(Pin(32), invert=1)

while True:
pwm.duty_u16(duty_u16)
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -214,19 +209,23 @@ low all of the time.

Output is::

PWM(Pin(27), freq=5000, duty_u16=0) # duty=0.00%, raw_duty=0, resolution=13, mode=0, channel=0, timer=3
PWM(Pin(32), freq=5000, duty_u16=32768, invert=1) # duty=50.00%, raw_duty=4096, resolution=13, mode=0, channel=1, timer=3
PWM(Pin(27), freq=5000, duty_u16=2048) # duty=3.13%, raw_duty=256, resolution=13, mode=0, channel=0, timer=3
PWM(Pin(32), freq=5000, duty_u16=2048, invert=1) # duty=3.13%, raw_duty=256, resolution=13, mode=0, channel=1, timer=3
PWM(Pin(27), freq=5000, duty_u16=4096) # duty=6.25%, raw_duty=512, resolution=13, mode=0, channel=0, timer=3
PWM(Pin(32), freq=5000, duty_u16=4096, invert=1) # duty=6.25%, raw_duty=512, resolution=13, mode=0, channel=1, timer=3
PWM(Pin(27), freq=5000, duty_u16=6144) # duty=9.38%, raw_duty=768, resolution=13, mode=0, channel=0, timer=3
PWM(Pin(32), freq=5000, duty_u16=6144, invert=1) # duty=9.38%, raw_duty=768, resolution=13, mode=0, channel=1, timer=3
PWM(Pin(27), freq=5000, duty_u16=8192) # duty=12.50%, raw_duty=1024, resolution=13, mode=0, channel=0, timer=3
PWM(Pin(32), freq=5000, duty_u16=8192, invert=1) # duty=12.50%, raw_duty=1024, resolution=13, mode=0, channel=1, timer=3 ...
...
PWM(Pin(27), freq=5000, duty_u16=24576) # resolution=13, (duty=37.50%, resolution=0.012%), mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(32), freq=5000, duty_u16=24576, invert=1) # resolution=13, (duty=37.50%, resolution=0.012%), mode=0, channel=1, timer=0
PWM(Pin(27), freq=5000, duty_u16=26624) # resolution=13, (duty=40.63%, resolution=0.012%), mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(32), freq=5000, duty_u16=26624, invert=1) # resolution=13, (duty=40.63%, resolution=0.012%), mode=0, channel=1, timer=0
PWM(Pin(27), freq=5000, duty_u16=28672) # resolution=13, (duty=43.75%, resolution=0.012%), mode=0, channel=0, timer=0
PWM(Pin(32), freq=5000, duty_u16=28672, invert=1) # resolution=13, (duty=43.75%, resolution=0.012%), mode=0, channel=1, timer=0
...


See `PWM waves on Pin(27) and Pin(32) <https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/70886343/222743883-dca25aa8-681d-471c-933a-6f9beacb6eee.mp4>`_ with an oscilloscope.


Note: the Pin.OUT mode does not need to be specified. The channel is initialized
Note: the Pin.OUT mode does not need to be specified. The channel is initialized
to PWM mode internally once for each Pin that is passed to the PWM constructor.

The following code is wrong::
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