28. Pandas的Categorical数据类型可以降低数据存储提升计算速度.ipynb

{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Pandas的Categorical数据类型可以降低数据存储提升计算速度"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "<img src=\"./other_files/pandas-categorical.png\" style=\"width:70%; margin-left:0px\"/>"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### 1、读取数据"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 1,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import pandas as pd"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "df = pd.read_csv(\"./datas/movielens-1m/users.dat\",\n",
    "                 sep=\"::\",\n",
    "                 engine=\"python\",\n",
    "                 header=None,\n",
    "                 names=\"UserID::Gender::Age::Occupation::Zip-code\".split(\"::\"))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>UserID</th>\n",
       "      <th>Gender</th>\n",
       "      <th>Age</th>\n",
       "      <th>Occupation</th>\n",
       "      <th>Zip-code</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>F</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>10</td>\n",
       "      <td>48067</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>2</td>\n",
       "      <td>M</td>\n",
       "      <td>56</td>\n",
       "      <td>16</td>\n",
       "      <td>70072</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <td>2</td>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>M</td>\n",
       "      <td>25</td>\n",
       "      <td>15</td>\n",
       "      <td>55117</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>4</td>\n",
       "      <td>M</td>\n",
       "      <td>45</td>\n",
       "      <td>7</td>\n",
       "      <td>02460</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <td>4</td>\n",
       "      <td>5</td>\n",
       "      <td>M</td>\n",
       "      <td>25</td>\n",
       "      <td>20</td>\n",
       "      <td>55455</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "   UserID Gender  Age  Occupation Zip-code\n",
       "0       1      F    1          10    48067\n",
       "1       2      M   56          16    70072\n",
       "2       3      M   25          15    55117\n",
       "3       4      M   45           7    02460\n",
       "4       5      M   25          20    55455"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df.head()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "<class 'pandas.core.frame.DataFrame'>\n",
      "RangeIndex: 6040 entries, 0 to 6039\n",
      "Data columns (total 5 columns):\n",
      "UserID        6040 non-null int64\n",
      "Gender        6040 non-null object\n",
      "Age           6040 non-null int64\n",
      "Occupation    6040 non-null int64\n",
      "Zip-code      6040 non-null object\n",
      "dtypes: int64(3), object(2)\n",
      "memory usage: 236.1+ KB\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df.info()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "<class 'pandas.core.frame.DataFrame'>\n",
      "RangeIndex: 6040 entries, 0 to 6039\n",
      "Data columns (total 5 columns):\n",
      "UserID        6040 non-null int64\n",
      "Gender        6040 non-null object\n",
      "Age           6040 non-null int64\n",
      "Occupation    6040 non-null int64\n",
      "Zip-code      6040 non-null object\n",
      "dtypes: int64(3), object(2)\n",
      "memory usage: 873.4 KB\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df.info(memory_usage=\"deep\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 6,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>UserID</th>\n",
       "      <th>Gender</th>\n",
       "      <th>Age</th>\n",
       "      <th>Occupation</th>\n",
       "      <th>Zip-code</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>F</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>10</td>\n",
       "      <td>48067</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>2</td>\n",
       "      <td>M</td>\n",
       "      <td>56</td>\n",
       "      <td>16</td>\n",
       "      <td>70072</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <td>2</td>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>M</td>\n",
       "      <td>25</td>\n",
       "      <td>15</td>\n",
       "      <td>55117</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>4</td>\n",
       "      <td>M</td>\n",
       "      <td>45</td>\n",
       "      <td>7</td>\n",
       "      <td>02460</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <td>4</td>\n",
       "      <td>5</td>\n",
       "      <td>M</td>\n",
       "      <td>25</td>\n",
       "      <td>20</td>\n",
       "      <td>55455</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "   UserID Gender  Age  Occupation Zip-code\n",
       "0       1      F    1          10    48067\n",
       "1       2      M   56          16    70072\n",
       "2       3      M   25          15    55117\n",
       "3       4      M   45           7    02460\n",
       "4       5      M   25          20    55455"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 6,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df_cat = df.copy()\n",
    "df_cat.head()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### 2、使用categorical类型降低存储量"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 8,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "df_cat[\"Gender\"] = df_cat[\"Gender\"].astype(\"category\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 9,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "<class 'pandas.core.frame.DataFrame'>\n",
      "RangeIndex: 6040 entries, 0 to 6039\n",
      "Data columns (total 5 columns):\n",
      "UserID        6040 non-null int64\n",
      "Gender        6040 non-null category\n",
      "Age           6040 non-null int64\n",
      "Occupation    6040 non-null int64\n",
      "Zip-code      6040 non-null object\n",
      "dtypes: category(1), int64(3), object(1)\n",
      "memory usage: 513.8 KB\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df_cat.info(memory_usage=\"deep\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 10,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>UserID</th>\n",
       "      <th>Gender</th>\n",
       "      <th>Age</th>\n",
       "      <th>Occupation</th>\n",
       "      <th>Zip-code</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <td>0</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>F</td>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>10</td>\n",
       "      <td>48067</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <td>1</td>\n",
       "      <td>2</td>\n",
       "      <td>M</td>\n",
       "      <td>56</td>\n",
       "      <td>16</td>\n",
       "      <td>70072</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <td>2</td>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>M</td>\n",
       "      <td>25</td>\n",
       "      <td>15</td>\n",
       "      <td>55117</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <td>3</td>\n",
       "      <td>4</td>\n",
       "      <td>M</td>\n",
       "      <td>45</td>\n",
       "      <td>7</td>\n",
       "      <td>02460</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <td>4</td>\n",
       "      <td>5</td>\n",
       "      <td>M</td>\n",
       "      <td>25</td>\n",
       "      <td>20</td>\n",
       "      <td>55455</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "   UserID Gender  Age  Occupation Zip-code\n",
       "0       1      F    1          10    48067\n",
       "1       2      M   56          16    70072\n",
       "2       3      M   25          15    55117\n",
       "3       4      M   45           7    02460\n",
       "4       5      M   25          20    55455"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 10,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df_cat.head()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 11,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "M    4331\n",
       "F    1709\n",
       "Name: Gender, dtype: int64"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 11,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df_cat[\"Gender\"].value_counts()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### 3、提升运算速度"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 12,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "564 µs ± 10.8 µs per loop (mean ± std. dev. of 7 runs, 1000 loops each)\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%timeit df.groupby(\"Gender\").size()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 13,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "324 µs ± 5 µs per loop (mean ± std. dev. of 7 runs, 1000 loops each)\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "%timeit df_cat.groupby(\"Gender\").size()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  }
 ],
 "metadata": {
  "kernelspec": {
   "display_name": "Python 3",
   "language": "python",
   "name": "python3"
  },
  "language_info": {
   "codemirror_mode": {
    "name": "ipython",
    "version": 3
   },
   "file_extension": ".py",
   "mimetype": "text/x-python",
   "name": "python",
   "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
   "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
   "version": "3.7.4"
  }
 },
 "nbformat": 4,
 "nbformat_minor": 2
}