-
Notifications
You must be signed in to change notification settings - Fork 21
/
JavaEE_Tutorial.html
2242 lines (2230 loc) · 133 KB
/
JavaEE_Tutorial.html
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<!--[if IE]><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"><![endif]-->
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta name="generator" content="Asciidoctor 1.5.6.1">
<meta name="author" content="WildFly team">
<title>JavaEE 7 Tutorial</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:300,300italic,400,400italic,600,600italic%7CNoto+Serif:400,400italic,700,700italic%7CDroid+Sans+Mono:400,700">
<style>
/* Asciidoctor default stylesheet | MIT License | http://asciidoctor.org */
/* Remove comment around @import statement below when using as a custom stylesheet */
/*@import "https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:300,300italic,400,400italic,600,600italic%7CNoto+Serif:400,400italic,700,700italic%7CDroid+Sans+Mono:400,700";*/
article,aside,details,figcaption,figure,footer,header,hgroup,main,nav,section,summary{display:block}
audio,canvas,video{display:inline-block}
audio:not([controls]){display:none;height:0}
[hidden],template{display:none}
script{display:none!important}
html{font-family:sans-serif;-ms-text-size-adjust:100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%}
a{background:transparent}
a:focus{outline:thin dotted}
a:active,a:hover{outline:0}
h1{font-size:2em;margin:.67em 0}
abbr[title]{border-bottom:1px dotted}
b,strong{font-weight:bold}
dfn{font-style:italic}
hr{-moz-box-sizing:content-box;box-sizing:content-box;height:0}
mark{background:#ff0;color:#000}
code,kbd,pre,samp{font-family:monospace;font-size:1em}
pre{white-space:pre-wrap}
q{quotes:"\201C" "\201D" "\2018" "\2019"}
small{font-size:80%}
sub,sup{font-size:75%;line-height:0;position:relative;vertical-align:baseline}
sup{top:-.5em}
sub{bottom:-.25em}
img{border:0}
svg:not(:root){overflow:hidden}
figure{margin:0}
fieldset{border:1px solid silver;margin:0 2px;padding:.35em .625em .75em}
legend{border:0;padding:0}
button,input,select,textarea{font-family:inherit;font-size:100%;margin:0}
button,input{line-height:normal}
button,select{text-transform:none}
button,html input[type="button"],input[type="reset"],input[type="submit"]{-webkit-appearance:button;cursor:pointer}
button[disabled],html input[disabled]{cursor:default}
input[type="checkbox"],input[type="radio"]{box-sizing:border-box;padding:0}
input[type="search"]{-webkit-appearance:textfield;-moz-box-sizing:content-box;-webkit-box-sizing:content-box;box-sizing:content-box}
input[type="search"]::-webkit-search-cancel-button,input[type="search"]::-webkit-search-decoration{-webkit-appearance:none}
button::-moz-focus-inner,input::-moz-focus-inner{border:0;padding:0}
textarea{overflow:auto;vertical-align:top}
table{border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0}
*,*:before,*:after{-moz-box-sizing:border-box;-webkit-box-sizing:border-box;box-sizing:border-box}
html,body{font-size:100%}
body{background:#fff;color:rgba(0,0,0,.8);padding:0;margin:0;font-family:"Noto Serif","DejaVu Serif",serif;font-weight:400;font-style:normal;line-height:1;position:relative;cursor:auto;tab-size:4;-moz-osx-font-smoothing:grayscale;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased}
a:hover{cursor:pointer}
img,object,embed{max-width:100%;height:auto}
object,embed{height:100%}
img{-ms-interpolation-mode:bicubic}
.left{float:left!important}
.right{float:right!important}
.text-left{text-align:left!important}
.text-right{text-align:right!important}
.text-center{text-align:center!important}
.text-justify{text-align:justify!important}
.hide{display:none}
img,object,svg{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle}
textarea{height:auto;min-height:50px}
select{width:100%}
.center{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}
.spread{width:100%}
p.lead,.paragraph.lead>p,#preamble>.sectionbody>.paragraph:first-of-type p{font-size:1.21875em;line-height:1.6}
.subheader,.admonitionblock td.content>.title,.audioblock>.title,.exampleblock>.title,.imageblock>.title,.listingblock>.title,.literalblock>.title,.stemblock>.title,.openblock>.title,.paragraph>.title,.quoteblock>.title,table.tableblock>.title,.verseblock>.title,.videoblock>.title,.dlist>.title,.olist>.title,.ulist>.title,.qlist>.title,.hdlist>.title{line-height:1.45;color:#7a2518;font-weight:400;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.25em}
div,dl,dt,dd,ul,ol,li,h1,h2,h3,#toctitle,.sidebarblock>.content>.title,h4,h5,h6,pre,form,p,blockquote,th,td{margin:0;padding:0;direction:ltr}
a{color:#2156a5;text-decoration:underline;line-height:inherit}
a:hover,a:focus{color:#1d4b8f}
a img{border:none}
p{font-family:inherit;font-weight:400;font-size:1em;line-height:1.6;margin-bottom:1.25em;text-rendering:optimizeLegibility}
p aside{font-size:.875em;line-height:1.35;font-style:italic}
h1,h2,h3,#toctitle,.sidebarblock>.content>.title,h4,h5,h6{font-family:"Open Sans","DejaVu Sans",sans-serif;font-weight:300;font-style:normal;color:#ba3925;text-rendering:optimizeLegibility;margin-top:1em;margin-bottom:.5em;line-height:1.0125em}
h1 small,h2 small,h3 small,#toctitle small,.sidebarblock>.content>.title small,h4 small,h5 small,h6 small{font-size:60%;color:#e99b8f;line-height:0}
h1{font-size:2.125em}
h2{font-size:1.6875em}
h3,#toctitle,.sidebarblock>.content>.title{font-size:1.375em}
h4,h5{font-size:1.125em}
h6{font-size:1em}
hr{border:solid #ddddd8;border-width:1px 0 0;clear:both;margin:1.25em 0 1.1875em;height:0}
em,i{font-style:italic;line-height:inherit}
strong,b{font-weight:bold;line-height:inherit}
small{font-size:60%;line-height:inherit}
code{font-family:"Droid Sans Mono","DejaVu Sans Mono",monospace;font-weight:400;color:rgba(0,0,0,.9)}
ul,ol,dl{font-size:1em;line-height:1.6;margin-bottom:1.25em;list-style-position:outside;font-family:inherit}
ul,ol{margin-left:1.5em}
ul li ul,ul li ol{margin-left:1.25em;margin-bottom:0;font-size:1em}
ul.square li ul,ul.circle li ul,ul.disc li ul{list-style:inherit}
ul.square{list-style-type:square}
ul.circle{list-style-type:circle}
ul.disc{list-style-type:disc}
ol li ul,ol li ol{margin-left:1.25em;margin-bottom:0}
dl dt{margin-bottom:.3125em;font-weight:bold}
dl dd{margin-bottom:1.25em}
abbr,acronym{text-transform:uppercase;font-size:90%;color:rgba(0,0,0,.8);border-bottom:1px dotted #ddd;cursor:help}
abbr{text-transform:none}
blockquote{margin:0 0 1.25em;padding:.5625em 1.25em 0 1.1875em;border-left:1px solid #ddd}
blockquote cite{display:block;font-size:.9375em;color:rgba(0,0,0,.6)}
blockquote cite:before{content:"\2014 \0020"}
blockquote cite a,blockquote cite a:visited{color:rgba(0,0,0,.6)}
blockquote,blockquote p{line-height:1.6;color:rgba(0,0,0,.85)}
@media only screen and (min-width:768px){h1,h2,h3,#toctitle,.sidebarblock>.content>.title,h4,h5,h6{line-height:1.2}
h1{font-size:2.75em}
h2{font-size:2.3125em}
h3,#toctitle,.sidebarblock>.content>.title{font-size:1.6875em}
h4{font-size:1.4375em}}
table{background:#fff;margin-bottom:1.25em;border:solid 1px #dedede}
table thead,table tfoot{background:#f7f8f7;font-weight:bold}
table thead tr th,table thead tr td,table tfoot tr th,table tfoot tr td{padding:.5em .625em .625em;font-size:inherit;color:rgba(0,0,0,.8);text-align:left}
table tr th,table tr td{padding:.5625em .625em;font-size:inherit;color:rgba(0,0,0,.8)}
table tr.even,table tr.alt,table tr:nth-of-type(even){background:#f8f8f7}
table thead tr th,table tfoot tr th,table tbody tr td,table tr td,table tfoot tr td{display:table-cell;line-height:1.6}
h1,h2,h3,#toctitle,.sidebarblock>.content>.title,h4,h5,h6{line-height:1.2;word-spacing:-.05em}
h1 strong,h2 strong,h3 strong,#toctitle strong,.sidebarblock>.content>.title strong,h4 strong,h5 strong,h6 strong{font-weight:400}
.clearfix:before,.clearfix:after,.float-group:before,.float-group:after{content:" ";display:table}
.clearfix:after,.float-group:after{clear:both}
*:not(pre)>code{font-size:.9375em;font-style:normal!important;letter-spacing:0;padding:.1em .5ex;word-spacing:-.15em;background-color:#f7f7f8;-webkit-border-radius:4px;border-radius:4px;line-height:1.45;text-rendering:optimizeSpeed;word-wrap:break-word}
*:not(pre)>code.nobreak{word-wrap:normal}
*:not(pre)>code.nowrap{white-space:nowrap}
pre,pre>code{line-height:1.45;color:rgba(0,0,0,.9);font-family:"Droid Sans Mono","DejaVu Sans Mono",monospace;font-weight:400;text-rendering:optimizeSpeed}
em em{font-style:normal}
strong strong{font-weight:400}
.keyseq{color:rgba(51,51,51,.8)}
kbd{font-family:"Droid Sans Mono","DejaVu Sans Mono",monospace;display:inline-block;color:rgba(0,0,0,.8);font-size:.65em;line-height:1.45;background-color:#f7f7f7;border:1px solid #ccc;-webkit-border-radius:3px;border-radius:3px;-webkit-box-shadow:0 1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.2),0 0 0 .1em white inset;box-shadow:0 1px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.2),0 0 0 .1em #fff inset;margin:0 .15em;padding:.2em .5em;vertical-align:middle;position:relative;top:-.1em;white-space:nowrap}
.keyseq kbd:first-child{margin-left:0}
.keyseq kbd:last-child{margin-right:0}
.menuseq,.menuref{color:#000}
.menuseq b:not(.caret),.menuref{font-weight:inherit}
.menuseq{word-spacing:-.02em}
.menuseq b.caret{font-size:1.25em;line-height:.8}
.menuseq i.caret{font-weight:bold;text-align:center;width:.45em}
b.button:before,b.button:after{position:relative;top:-1px;font-weight:400}
b.button:before{content:"[";padding:0 3px 0 2px}
b.button:after{content:"]";padding:0 2px 0 3px}
p a>code:hover{color:rgba(0,0,0,.9)}
#header,#content,#footnotes,#footer{width:100%;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;max-width:62.5em;*zoom:1;position:relative;padding-left:.9375em;padding-right:.9375em}
#header:before,#header:after,#content:before,#content:after,#footnotes:before,#footnotes:after,#footer:before,#footer:after{content:" ";display:table}
#header:after,#content:after,#footnotes:after,#footer:after{clear:both}
#content{margin-top:1.25em}
#content:before{content:none}
#header>h1:first-child{color:rgba(0,0,0,.85);margin-top:2.25rem;margin-bottom:0}
#header>h1:first-child+#toc{margin-top:8px;border-top:1px solid #ddddd8}
#header>h1:only-child,body.toc2 #header>h1:nth-last-child(2){border-bottom:1px solid #ddddd8;padding-bottom:8px}
#header .details{border-bottom:1px solid #ddddd8;line-height:1.45;padding-top:.25em;padding-bottom:.25em;padding-left:.25em;color:rgba(0,0,0,.6);display:-ms-flexbox;display:-webkit-flex;display:flex;-ms-flex-flow:row wrap;-webkit-flex-flow:row wrap;flex-flow:row wrap}
#header .details span:first-child{margin-left:-.125em}
#header .details span.email a{color:rgba(0,0,0,.85)}
#header .details br{display:none}
#header .details br+span:before{content:"\00a0\2013\00a0"}
#header .details br+span.author:before{content:"\00a0\22c5\00a0";color:rgba(0,0,0,.85)}
#header .details br+span#revremark:before{content:"\00a0|\00a0"}
#header #revnumber{text-transform:capitalize}
#header #revnumber:after{content:"\00a0"}
#content>h1:first-child:not([class]){color:rgba(0,0,0,.85);border-bottom:1px solid #ddddd8;padding-bottom:8px;margin-top:0;padding-top:1rem;margin-bottom:1.25rem}
#toc{border-bottom:1px solid #efefed;padding-bottom:.5em}
#toc>ul{margin-left:.125em}
#toc ul.sectlevel0>li>a{font-style:italic}
#toc ul.sectlevel0 ul.sectlevel1{margin:.5em 0}
#toc ul{font-family:"Open Sans","DejaVu Sans",sans-serif;list-style-type:none}
#toc li{line-height:1.3334;margin-top:.3334em}
#toc a{text-decoration:none}
#toc a:active{text-decoration:underline}
#toctitle{color:#7a2518;font-size:1.2em}
@media only screen and (min-width:768px){#toctitle{font-size:1.375em}
body.toc2{padding-left:15em;padding-right:0}
#toc.toc2{margin-top:0!important;background-color:#f8f8f7;position:fixed;width:15em;left:0;top:0;border-right:1px solid #efefed;border-top-width:0!important;border-bottom-width:0!important;z-index:1000;padding:1.25em 1em;height:100%;overflow:auto}
#toc.toc2 #toctitle{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.8rem;font-size:1.2em}
#toc.toc2>ul{font-size:.9em;margin-bottom:0}
#toc.toc2 ul ul{margin-left:0;padding-left:1em}
#toc.toc2 ul.sectlevel0 ul.sectlevel1{padding-left:0;margin-top:.5em;margin-bottom:.5em}
body.toc2.toc-right{padding-left:0;padding-right:15em}
body.toc2.toc-right #toc.toc2{border-right-width:0;border-left:1px solid #efefed;left:auto;right:0}}
@media only screen and (min-width:1280px){body.toc2{padding-left:20em;padding-right:0}
#toc.toc2{width:20em}
#toc.toc2 #toctitle{font-size:1.375em}
#toc.toc2>ul{font-size:.95em}
#toc.toc2 ul ul{padding-left:1.25em}
body.toc2.toc-right{padding-left:0;padding-right:20em}}
#content #toc{border-style:solid;border-width:1px;border-color:#e0e0dc;margin-bottom:1.25em;padding:1.25em;background:#f8f8f7;-webkit-border-radius:4px;border-radius:4px}
#content #toc>:first-child{margin-top:0}
#content #toc>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}
#footer{max-width:100%;background-color:rgba(0,0,0,.8);padding:1.25em}
#footer-text{color:rgba(255,255,255,.8);line-height:1.44}
.sect1{padding-bottom:.625em}
@media only screen and (min-width:768px){.sect1{padding-bottom:1.25em}}
.sect1+.sect1{border-top:1px solid #efefed}
#content h1>a.anchor,h2>a.anchor,h3>a.anchor,#toctitle>a.anchor,.sidebarblock>.content>.title>a.anchor,h4>a.anchor,h5>a.anchor,h6>a.anchor{position:absolute;z-index:1001;width:1.5ex;margin-left:-1.5ex;display:block;text-decoration:none!important;visibility:hidden;text-align:center;font-weight:400}
#content h1>a.anchor:before,h2>a.anchor:before,h3>a.anchor:before,#toctitle>a.anchor:before,.sidebarblock>.content>.title>a.anchor:before,h4>a.anchor:before,h5>a.anchor:before,h6>a.anchor:before{content:"\00A7";font-size:.85em;display:block;padding-top:.1em}
#content h1:hover>a.anchor,#content h1>a.anchor:hover,h2:hover>a.anchor,h2>a.anchor:hover,h3:hover>a.anchor,#toctitle:hover>a.anchor,.sidebarblock>.content>.title:hover>a.anchor,h3>a.anchor:hover,#toctitle>a.anchor:hover,.sidebarblock>.content>.title>a.anchor:hover,h4:hover>a.anchor,h4>a.anchor:hover,h5:hover>a.anchor,h5>a.anchor:hover,h6:hover>a.anchor,h6>a.anchor:hover{visibility:visible}
#content h1>a.link,h2>a.link,h3>a.link,#toctitle>a.link,.sidebarblock>.content>.title>a.link,h4>a.link,h5>a.link,h6>a.link{color:#ba3925;text-decoration:none}
#content h1>a.link:hover,h2>a.link:hover,h3>a.link:hover,#toctitle>a.link:hover,.sidebarblock>.content>.title>a.link:hover,h4>a.link:hover,h5>a.link:hover,h6>a.link:hover{color:#a53221}
.audioblock,.imageblock,.literalblock,.listingblock,.stemblock,.videoblock{margin-bottom:1.25em}
.admonitionblock td.content>.title,.audioblock>.title,.exampleblock>.title,.imageblock>.title,.listingblock>.title,.literalblock>.title,.stemblock>.title,.openblock>.title,.paragraph>.title,.quoteblock>.title,table.tableblock>.title,.verseblock>.title,.videoblock>.title,.dlist>.title,.olist>.title,.ulist>.title,.qlist>.title,.hdlist>.title{text-rendering:optimizeLegibility;text-align:left;font-family:"Noto Serif","DejaVu Serif",serif;font-size:1rem;font-style:italic}
table.tableblock>caption.title{white-space:nowrap;overflow:visible;max-width:0}
.paragraph.lead>p,#preamble>.sectionbody>.paragraph:first-of-type p{color:rgba(0,0,0,.85)}
table.tableblock #preamble>.sectionbody>.paragraph:first-of-type p{font-size:inherit}
.admonitionblock>table{border-collapse:separate;border:0;background:none;width:100%}
.admonitionblock>table td.icon{text-align:center;width:80px}
.admonitionblock>table td.icon img{max-width:initial}
.admonitionblock>table td.icon .title{font-weight:bold;font-family:"Open Sans","DejaVu Sans",sans-serif;text-transform:uppercase}
.admonitionblock>table td.content{padding-left:1.125em;padding-right:1.25em;border-left:1px solid #ddddd8;color:rgba(0,0,0,.6)}
.admonitionblock>table td.content>:last-child>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}
.exampleblock>.content{border-style:solid;border-width:1px;border-color:#e6e6e6;margin-bottom:1.25em;padding:1.25em;background:#fff;-webkit-border-radius:4px;border-radius:4px}
.exampleblock>.content>:first-child{margin-top:0}
.exampleblock>.content>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}
.sidebarblock{border-style:solid;border-width:1px;border-color:#e0e0dc;margin-bottom:1.25em;padding:1.25em;background:#f8f8f7;-webkit-border-radius:4px;border-radius:4px}
.sidebarblock>:first-child{margin-top:0}
.sidebarblock>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}
.sidebarblock>.content>.title{color:#7a2518;margin-top:0;text-align:center}
.exampleblock>.content>:last-child>:last-child,.exampleblock>.content .olist>ol>li:last-child>:last-child,.exampleblock>.content .ulist>ul>li:last-child>:last-child,.exampleblock>.content .qlist>ol>li:last-child>:last-child,.sidebarblock>.content>:last-child>:last-child,.sidebarblock>.content .olist>ol>li:last-child>:last-child,.sidebarblock>.content .ulist>ul>li:last-child>:last-child,.sidebarblock>.content .qlist>ol>li:last-child>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}
.literalblock pre,.listingblock pre:not(.highlight),.listingblock pre[class="highlight"],.listingblock pre[class^="highlight "],.listingblock pre.CodeRay,.listingblock pre.prettyprint{background:#f7f7f8}
.sidebarblock .literalblock pre,.sidebarblock .listingblock pre:not(.highlight),.sidebarblock .listingblock pre[class="highlight"],.sidebarblock .listingblock pre[class^="highlight "],.sidebarblock .listingblock pre.CodeRay,.sidebarblock .listingblock pre.prettyprint{background:#f2f1f1}
.literalblock pre,.literalblock pre[class],.listingblock pre,.listingblock pre[class]{-webkit-border-radius:4px;border-radius:4px;word-wrap:break-word;padding:1em;font-size:.8125em}
.literalblock pre.nowrap,.literalblock pre[class].nowrap,.listingblock pre.nowrap,.listingblock pre[class].nowrap{overflow-x:auto;white-space:pre;word-wrap:normal}
@media only screen and (min-width:768px){.literalblock pre,.literalblock pre[class],.listingblock pre,.listingblock pre[class]{font-size:.90625em}}
@media only screen and (min-width:1280px){.literalblock pre,.literalblock pre[class],.listingblock pre,.listingblock pre[class]{font-size:1em}}
.literalblock.output pre{color:#f7f7f8;background-color:rgba(0,0,0,.9)}
.listingblock pre.highlightjs{padding:0}
.listingblock pre.highlightjs>code{padding:1em;-webkit-border-radius:4px;border-radius:4px}
.listingblock pre.prettyprint{border-width:0}
.listingblock>.content{position:relative}
.listingblock code[data-lang]:before{display:none;content:attr(data-lang);position:absolute;font-size:.75em;top:.425rem;right:.5rem;line-height:1;text-transform:uppercase;color:#999}
.listingblock:hover code[data-lang]:before{display:block}
.listingblock.terminal pre .command:before{content:attr(data-prompt);padding-right:.5em;color:#999}
.listingblock.terminal pre .command:not([data-prompt]):before{content:"$"}
table.pyhltable{border-collapse:separate;border:0;margin-bottom:0;background:none}
table.pyhltable td{vertical-align:top;padding-top:0;padding-bottom:0;line-height:1.45}
table.pyhltable td.code{padding-left:.75em;padding-right:0}
pre.pygments .lineno,table.pyhltable td:not(.code){color:#999;padding-left:0;padding-right:.5em;border-right:1px solid #ddddd8}
pre.pygments .lineno{display:inline-block;margin-right:.25em}
table.pyhltable .linenodiv{background:none!important;padding-right:0!important}
.quoteblock{margin:0 1em 1.25em 1.5em;display:table}
.quoteblock>.title{margin-left:-1.5em;margin-bottom:.75em}
.quoteblock blockquote,.quoteblock blockquote p{color:rgba(0,0,0,.85);font-size:1.15rem;line-height:1.75;word-spacing:.1em;letter-spacing:0;font-style:italic;text-align:justify}
.quoteblock blockquote{margin:0;padding:0;border:0}
.quoteblock blockquote:before{content:"\201c";float:left;font-size:2.75em;font-weight:bold;line-height:.6em;margin-left:-.6em;color:#7a2518;text-shadow:0 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.1)}
.quoteblock blockquote>.paragraph:last-child p{margin-bottom:0}
.quoteblock .attribution{margin-top:.5em;margin-right:.5ex;text-align:right}
.quoteblock .quoteblock{margin-left:0;margin-right:0;padding:.5em 0;border-left:3px solid rgba(0,0,0,.6)}
.quoteblock .quoteblock blockquote{padding:0 0 0 .75em}
.quoteblock .quoteblock blockquote:before{display:none}
.verseblock{margin:0 1em 1.25em 1em}
.verseblock pre{font-family:"Open Sans","DejaVu Sans",sans;font-size:1.15rem;color:rgba(0,0,0,.85);font-weight:300;text-rendering:optimizeLegibility}
.verseblock pre strong{font-weight:400}
.verseblock .attribution{margin-top:1.25rem;margin-left:.5ex}
.quoteblock .attribution,.verseblock .attribution{font-size:.9375em;line-height:1.45;font-style:italic}
.quoteblock .attribution br,.verseblock .attribution br{display:none}
.quoteblock .attribution cite,.verseblock .attribution cite{display:block;letter-spacing:-.025em;color:rgba(0,0,0,.6)}
.quoteblock.abstract{margin:0 0 1.25em 0;display:block}
.quoteblock.abstract blockquote,.quoteblock.abstract blockquote p{text-align:left;word-spacing:0}
.quoteblock.abstract blockquote:before,.quoteblock.abstract blockquote p:first-of-type:before{display:none}
table.tableblock{max-width:100%;border-collapse:separate}
table.tableblock td>.paragraph:last-child p>p:last-child,table.tableblock th>p:last-child,table.tableblock td>p:last-child{margin-bottom:0}
table.tableblock,th.tableblock,td.tableblock{border:0 solid #dedede}
table.grid-all>thead>tr>.tableblock,table.grid-all>tbody>tr>.tableblock{border-width:0 1px 1px 0}
table.grid-all>tfoot>tr>.tableblock{border-width:1px 1px 0 0}
table.grid-cols>*>tr>.tableblock{border-width:0 1px 0 0}
table.grid-rows>thead>tr>.tableblock,table.grid-rows>tbody>tr>.tableblock{border-width:0 0 1px 0}
table.grid-rows>tfoot>tr>.tableblock{border-width:1px 0 0 0}
table.grid-all>*>tr>.tableblock:last-child,table.grid-cols>*>tr>.tableblock:last-child{border-right-width:0}
table.grid-all>tbody>tr:last-child>.tableblock,table.grid-all>thead:last-child>tr>.tableblock,table.grid-rows>tbody>tr:last-child>.tableblock,table.grid-rows>thead:last-child>tr>.tableblock{border-bottom-width:0}
table.frame-all{border-width:1px}
table.frame-sides{border-width:0 1px}
table.frame-topbot{border-width:1px 0}
th.halign-left,td.halign-left{text-align:left}
th.halign-right,td.halign-right{text-align:right}
th.halign-center,td.halign-center{text-align:center}
th.valign-top,td.valign-top{vertical-align:top}
th.valign-bottom,td.valign-bottom{vertical-align:bottom}
th.valign-middle,td.valign-middle{vertical-align:middle}
table thead th,table tfoot th{font-weight:bold}
tbody tr th{display:table-cell;line-height:1.6;background:#f7f8f7}
tbody tr th,tbody tr th p,tfoot tr th,tfoot tr th p{color:rgba(0,0,0,.8);font-weight:bold}
p.tableblock>code:only-child{background:none;padding:0}
p.tableblock{font-size:1em}
td>div.verse{white-space:pre}
ol{margin-left:1.75em}
ul li ol{margin-left:1.5em}
dl dd{margin-left:1.125em}
dl dd:last-child,dl dd:last-child>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}
ol>li p,ul>li p,ul dd,ol dd,.olist .olist,.ulist .ulist,.ulist .olist,.olist .ulist{margin-bottom:.625em}
ul.checklist,ul.none,ol.none,ul.no-bullet,ol.no-bullet,ol.unnumbered,ul.unstyled,ol.unstyled{list-style-type:none}
ul.no-bullet,ol.no-bullet,ol.unnumbered{margin-left:.625em}
ul.unstyled,ol.unstyled{margin-left:0}
ul.checklist{margin-left:.625em}
ul.checklist li>p:first-child>.fa-square-o:first-child,ul.checklist li>p:first-child>.fa-check-square-o:first-child{width:1.25em;font-size:.8em;position:relative;bottom:.125em}
ul.checklist li>p:first-child>input[type="checkbox"]:first-child{margin-right:.25em}
ul.inline{margin:0 auto .625em auto;margin-left:-1.375em;margin-right:0;padding:0;list-style:none;overflow:hidden}
ul.inline>li{list-style:none;float:left;margin-left:1.375em;display:block}
ul.inline>li>*{display:block}
.unstyled dl dt{font-weight:400;font-style:normal}
ol.arabic{list-style-type:decimal}
ol.decimal{list-style-type:decimal-leading-zero}
ol.loweralpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}
ol.upperalpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}
ol.lowerroman{list-style-type:lower-roman}
ol.upperroman{list-style-type:upper-roman}
ol.lowergreek{list-style-type:lower-greek}
.hdlist>table,.colist>table{border:0;background:none}
.hdlist>table>tbody>tr,.colist>table>tbody>tr{background:none}
td.hdlist1,td.hdlist2{vertical-align:top;padding:0 .625em}
td.hdlist1{font-weight:bold;padding-bottom:1.25em}
.literalblock+.colist,.listingblock+.colist{margin-top:-.5em}
.colist>table tr>td:first-of-type{padding:.4em .75em 0 .75em;line-height:1;vertical-align:top}
.colist>table tr>td:first-of-type img{max-width:initial}
.colist>table tr>td:last-of-type{padding:.25em 0}
.thumb,.th{line-height:0;display:inline-block;border:solid 4px #fff;-webkit-box-shadow:0 0 0 1px #ddd;box-shadow:0 0 0 1px #ddd}
.imageblock.left,.imageblock[style*="float: left"]{margin:.25em .625em 1.25em 0}
.imageblock.right,.imageblock[style*="float: right"]{margin:.25em 0 1.25em .625em}
.imageblock>.title{margin-bottom:0}
.imageblock.thumb,.imageblock.th{border-width:6px}
.imageblock.thumb>.title,.imageblock.th>.title{padding:0 .125em}
.image.left,.image.right{margin-top:.25em;margin-bottom:.25em;display:inline-block;line-height:0}
.image.left{margin-right:.625em}
.image.right{margin-left:.625em}
a.image{text-decoration:none;display:inline-block}
a.image object{pointer-events:none}
sup.footnote,sup.footnoteref{font-size:.875em;position:static;vertical-align:super}
sup.footnote a,sup.footnoteref a{text-decoration:none}
sup.footnote a:active,sup.footnoteref a:active{text-decoration:underline}
#footnotes{padding-top:.75em;padding-bottom:.75em;margin-bottom:.625em}
#footnotes hr{width:20%;min-width:6.25em;margin:-.25em 0 .75em 0;border-width:1px 0 0 0}
#footnotes .footnote{padding:0 .375em 0 .225em;line-height:1.3334;font-size:.875em;margin-left:1.2em;text-indent:-1.05em;margin-bottom:.2em}
#footnotes .footnote a:first-of-type{font-weight:bold;text-decoration:none}
#footnotes .footnote:last-of-type{margin-bottom:0}
#content #footnotes{margin-top:-.625em;margin-bottom:0;padding:.75em 0}
.gist .file-data>table{border:0;background:#fff;width:100%;margin-bottom:0}
.gist .file-data>table td.line-data{width:99%}
div.unbreakable{page-break-inside:avoid}
.big{font-size:larger}
.small{font-size:smaller}
.underline{text-decoration:underline}
.overline{text-decoration:overline}
.line-through{text-decoration:line-through}
.aqua{color:#00bfbf}
.aqua-background{background-color:#00fafa}
.black{color:#000}
.black-background{background-color:#000}
.blue{color:#0000bf}
.blue-background{background-color:#0000fa}
.fuchsia{color:#bf00bf}
.fuchsia-background{background-color:#fa00fa}
.gray{color:#606060}
.gray-background{background-color:#7d7d7d}
.green{color:#006000}
.green-background{background-color:#007d00}
.lime{color:#00bf00}
.lime-background{background-color:#00fa00}
.maroon{color:#600000}
.maroon-background{background-color:#7d0000}
.navy{color:#000060}
.navy-background{background-color:#00007d}
.olive{color:#606000}
.olive-background{background-color:#7d7d00}
.purple{color:#600060}
.purple-background{background-color:#7d007d}
.red{color:#bf0000}
.red-background{background-color:#fa0000}
.silver{color:#909090}
.silver-background{background-color:#bcbcbc}
.teal{color:#006060}
.teal-background{background-color:#007d7d}
.white{color:#bfbfbf}
.white-background{background-color:#fafafa}
.yellow{color:#bfbf00}
.yellow-background{background-color:#fafa00}
span.icon>.fa{cursor:default}
a span.icon>.fa{cursor:inherit}
.admonitionblock td.icon [class^="fa icon-"]{font-size:2.5em;text-shadow:1px 1px 2px rgba(0,0,0,.5);cursor:default}
.admonitionblock td.icon .icon-note:before{content:"\f05a";color:#19407c}
.admonitionblock td.icon .icon-tip:before{content:"\f0eb";text-shadow:1px 1px 2px rgba(155,155,0,.8);color:#111}
.admonitionblock td.icon .icon-warning:before{content:"\f071";color:#bf6900}
.admonitionblock td.icon .icon-caution:before{content:"\f06d";color:#bf3400}
.admonitionblock td.icon .icon-important:before{content:"\f06a";color:#bf0000}
.conum[data-value]{display:inline-block;color:#fff!important;background-color:rgba(0,0,0,.8);-webkit-border-radius:100px;border-radius:100px;text-align:center;font-size:.75em;width:1.67em;height:1.67em;line-height:1.67em;font-family:"Open Sans","DejaVu Sans",sans-serif;font-style:normal;font-weight:bold}
.conum[data-value] *{color:#fff!important}
.conum[data-value]+b{display:none}
.conum[data-value]:after{content:attr(data-value)}
pre .conum[data-value]{position:relative;top:-.125em}
b.conum *{color:inherit!important}
.conum:not([data-value]):empty{display:none}
dt,th.tableblock,td.content,div.footnote{text-rendering:optimizeLegibility}
h1,h2,p,td.content,span.alt{letter-spacing:-.01em}
p strong,td.content strong,div.footnote strong{letter-spacing:-.005em}
p,blockquote,dt,td.content,span.alt{font-size:1.0625rem}
p{margin-bottom:1.25rem}
.sidebarblock p,.sidebarblock dt,.sidebarblock td.content,p.tableblock{font-size:1em}
.exampleblock>.content{background-color:#fffef7;border-color:#e0e0dc;-webkit-box-shadow:0 1px 4px #e0e0dc;box-shadow:0 1px 4px #e0e0dc}
.print-only{display:none!important}
@media print{@page{margin:1.25cm .75cm}
*{-webkit-box-shadow:none!important;box-shadow:none!important;text-shadow:none!important}
a{color:inherit!important;text-decoration:underline!important}
a.bare,a[href^="#"],a[href^="mailto:"]{text-decoration:none!important}
a[href^="http:"]:not(.bare):after,a[href^="https:"]:not(.bare):after{content:"(" attr(href) ")";display:inline-block;font-size:.875em;padding-left:.25em}
abbr[title]:after{content:" (" attr(title) ")"}
pre,blockquote,tr,img,object,svg{page-break-inside:avoid}
thead{display:table-header-group}
svg{max-width:100%}
p,blockquote,dt,td.content{font-size:1em;orphans:3;widows:3}
h2,h3,#toctitle,.sidebarblock>.content>.title{page-break-after:avoid}
#toc,.sidebarblock,.exampleblock>.content{background:none!important}
#toc{border-bottom:1px solid #ddddd8!important;padding-bottom:0!important}
.sect1{padding-bottom:0!important}
.sect1+.sect1{border:0!important}
#header>h1:first-child{margin-top:1.25rem}
body.book #header{text-align:center}
body.book #header>h1:first-child{border:0!important;margin:2.5em 0 1em 0}
body.book #header .details{border:0!important;display:block;padding:0!important}
body.book #header .details span:first-child{margin-left:0!important}
body.book #header .details br{display:block}
body.book #header .details br+span:before{content:none!important}
body.book #toc{border:0!important;text-align:left!important;padding:0!important;margin:0!important}
body.book #toc,body.book #preamble,body.book h1.sect0,body.book .sect1>h2{page-break-before:always}
.listingblock code[data-lang]:before{display:block}
#footer{background:none!important;padding:0 .9375em}
#footer-text{color:rgba(0,0,0,.6)!important;font-size:.9em}
.hide-on-print{display:none!important}
.print-only{display:block!important}
.hide-for-print{display:none!important}
.show-for-print{display:inherit!important}}
</style>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/4.6.3/css/font-awesome.min.css">
<style>
/* Stylesheet for CodeRay to match GitHub theme | MIT License | http://foundation.zurb.com */
/*pre.CodeRay {background-color:#f7f7f8;}*/
.CodeRay .line-numbers{border-right:1px solid #d8d8d8;padding:0 0.5em 0 .25em}
.CodeRay span.line-numbers{display:inline-block;margin-right:.5em;color:rgba(0,0,0,.3)}
.CodeRay .line-numbers strong{color:rgba(0,0,0,.4)}
table.CodeRay{border-collapse:separate;border-spacing:0;margin-bottom:0;border:0;background:none}
table.CodeRay td{vertical-align: top;line-height:1.45}
table.CodeRay td.line-numbers{text-align:right}
table.CodeRay td.line-numbers>pre{padding:0;color:rgba(0,0,0,.3)}
table.CodeRay td.code{padding:0 0 0 .5em}
table.CodeRay td.code>pre{padding:0}
.CodeRay .debug{color:#fff !important;background:#000080 !important}
.CodeRay .annotation{color:#007}
.CodeRay .attribute-name{color:#000080}
.CodeRay .attribute-value{color:#700}
.CodeRay .binary{color:#509}
.CodeRay .comment{color:#998;font-style:italic}
.CodeRay .char{color:#04d}
.CodeRay .char .content{color:#04d}
.CodeRay .char .delimiter{color:#039}
.CodeRay .class{color:#458;font-weight:bold}
.CodeRay .complex{color:#a08}
.CodeRay .constant,.CodeRay .predefined-constant{color:#008080}
.CodeRay .color{color:#099}
.CodeRay .class-variable{color:#369}
.CodeRay .decorator{color:#b0b}
.CodeRay .definition{color:#099}
.CodeRay .delimiter{color:#000}
.CodeRay .doc{color:#970}
.CodeRay .doctype{color:#34b}
.CodeRay .doc-string{color:#d42}
.CodeRay .escape{color:#666}
.CodeRay .entity{color:#800}
.CodeRay .error{color:#808}
.CodeRay .exception{color:inherit}
.CodeRay .filename{color:#099}
.CodeRay .function{color:#900;font-weight:bold}
.CodeRay .global-variable{color:#008080}
.CodeRay .hex{color:#058}
.CodeRay .integer,.CodeRay .float{color:#099}
.CodeRay .include{color:#555}
.CodeRay .inline{color:#000}
.CodeRay .inline .inline{background:#ccc}
.CodeRay .inline .inline .inline{background:#bbb}
.CodeRay .inline .inline-delimiter{color:#d14}
.CodeRay .inline-delimiter{color:#d14}
.CodeRay .important{color:#555;font-weight:bold}
.CodeRay .interpreted{color:#b2b}
.CodeRay .instance-variable{color:#008080}
.CodeRay .label{color:#970}
.CodeRay .local-variable{color:#963}
.CodeRay .octal{color:#40e}
.CodeRay .predefined{color:#369}
.CodeRay .preprocessor{color:#579}
.CodeRay .pseudo-class{color:#555}
.CodeRay .directive{font-weight:bold}
.CodeRay .type{font-weight:bold}
.CodeRay .predefined-type{color:inherit}
.CodeRay .reserved,.CodeRay .keyword {color:#000;font-weight:bold}
.CodeRay .key{color:#808}
.CodeRay .key .delimiter{color:#606}
.CodeRay .key .char{color:#80f}
.CodeRay .value{color:#088}
.CodeRay .regexp .delimiter{color:#808}
.CodeRay .regexp .content{color:#808}
.CodeRay .regexp .modifier{color:#808}
.CodeRay .regexp .char{color:#d14}
.CodeRay .regexp .function{color:#404;font-weight:bold}
.CodeRay .string{color:#d20}
.CodeRay .string .string .string{background:#ffd0d0}
.CodeRay .string .content{color:#d14}
.CodeRay .string .char{color:#d14}
.CodeRay .string .delimiter{color:#d14}
.CodeRay .shell{color:#d14}
.CodeRay .shell .delimiter{color:#d14}
.CodeRay .symbol{color:#990073}
.CodeRay .symbol .content{color:#a60}
.CodeRay .symbol .delimiter{color:#630}
.CodeRay .tag{color:#008080}
.CodeRay .tag-special{color:#d70}
.CodeRay .variable{color:#036}
.CodeRay .insert{background:#afa}
.CodeRay .delete{background:#faa}
.CodeRay .change{color:#aaf;background:#007}
.CodeRay .head{color:#f8f;background:#505}
.CodeRay .insert .insert{color:#080}
.CodeRay .delete .delete{color:#800}
.CodeRay .change .change{color:#66f}
.CodeRay .head .head{color:#f4f}
</style>
</head>
<body id="JavaEE_Tutorial" class="book toc2 toc-left">
<div id="header">
<h1>JavaEE 7 Tutorial</h1>
<div class="details">
<span id="author" class="author">WildFly team</span><br>
<span id="revnumber">version 19.0.0.Final,</span>
<span id="revdate">2020-03-17T23:46:04Z</span>
</div>
<div id="toc" class="toc2">
<div id="toctitle">JavaEE 7 Tutorial</div>
<ul class="sectlevel1">
<li><a href="#Java_API_for_RESTful_Web_Services_JAX-RS">1. Java API for RESTful Web Services (JAX-RS)</a>
<ul class="sectlevel2">
<li><a href="#content-java-api-restful-web-services">1.1. Content</a></li>
<li><a href="#tutorial-overview">1.2. Tutorial Overview</a></li>
<li><a href="#what-are-restful-web-services">1.3. What are RESTful Web Services?</a></li>
<li><a href="#creating-a-restful-endpoint">1.4. Creating a RESTful endpoint</a></li>
<li><a href="#package-and-build-the-endpoint">1.5. Package and build the endpoint</a></li>
<li><a href="#deploy-the-endpoint-to-openshift">1.6. Deploy the endpoint to OpenShift</a></li>
<li><a href="#building-the-mobile-client">1.7. Building the mobile client</a></li>
<li><a href="#exploring-the-mobile-client">1.8. Exploring the mobile client</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#Java_Servlet_Technology">2. Java Servlet Technology</a>
<ul class="sectlevel2">
<li><a href="#content-java-servlet-technology">2.1. Content</a></li>
<li><a href="#asynchronous-support">2.2. Asynchronous Support</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#Managed_Beans">3. Managed Beans</a></li>
<li><a href="#Bean_Validation">4. Bean Validation</a>
<ul class="sectlevel2">
<li><a href="#configure-jbossas-for-messaging">4.1. Configure JBossAS for Messaging</a></li>
<li><a href="#adding-the-message-destinations">4.2. Adding the message destinations</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#JavaMail_API">5. JavaMail API</a>
<ul class="sectlevel2">
<li><a href="#session-beans">5.1. Session Beans</a>
<ul class="sectlevel3">
<li><a href="#stateful-session-beans">5.1.1. Stateful Session Beans</a></li>
<li><a href="#stateless-session-beans">5.1.2. Stateless Session Beans</a></li>
<li><a href="#singleton-session-beans">5.1.3. Singleton Session Beans</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#message-driven-beans">5.2. Message Driven Beans</a></li>
<li><a href="#how-can-enterprise-javabeans-can-be-accessed">5.3. How can Enterprise JavaBeans can be accessed?</a>
<ul class="sectlevel3">
<li><a href="#remote-call-invocation">5.3.1. Remote call invocation</a></li>
<li><a href="#local-call-invocation">5.3.2. Local call invocation</a></li>
<li><a href="#web-services">5.3.3. Web Services</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#packaging">5.4. Packaging</a></li>
<li><a href="#developing-web-service-implementations">5.5. Developing web service implementations</a>
<ul class="sectlevel3">
<li><a href="#the-service-implementation-class">5.5.1. The service implementation class</a></li>
<li><a href="#deploying-service-implementations">5.5.2. Deploying service implementations</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#consuming-web-services">5.6. Consuming web services</a>
<ul class="sectlevel3">
<li><a href="#creating-the-client-artifacts">5.6.1. Creating the client artifacts</a></li>
<li><a href="#constructing-a-service-stub">5.6.2. Constructing a service stub</a></li>
<li><a href="#appendix">5.6.3. Appendix</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<div id="content">
<div id="preamble">
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>© 2017 The original authors.</p>
</div>
<!-- toc disabled -->
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Coming Soon</p>
</div>
<div class="admonitionblock important">
<table>
<tr>
<td class="icon">
<i class="fa icon-important" title="Important"></i>
</td>
<td class="content">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>This guide is still under development, check back soon!</p>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="Java_API_for_RESTful_Web_Services_JAX-RS">1. Java API for RESTful Web Services (JAX-RS)</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="content-java-api-restful-web-services">1.1. Content</h3>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="tutorial-overview">1.2. Tutorial Overview</h3>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>This chapter describes the Java API for RESTful web services (JAX-RS,
defined in <a href="http://jcp.org/en/jsr/detail?id=311">JSR331</a>).
<a href="http://www.jboss.org/resteasy">RESTEasy</a> is an portable implementation of
this specification which can run in any Servlet container. Tight
integration with JBoss Application Server is available for optimal user
experience in that environment. While JAX-RS is only a server-side
specification, RESTeasy has innovated to bring JAX-RS to the client
through the RESTEasy JAX-RS Client Framework.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Detailed documentation on RESTEasy is available
<a href="http://www.jboss.org/resteasy/docs.html">here</a>.<br>
The source for this tutorial is in github repository
<a href="https://github.com/tdiesler/javaee-tutorial">git://github.com/tdiesler/javaee-tutorial.git</a></p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p><a href="https://openshift.redhat.com/app">OpenShift</a>, is a portfolio of portable
cloud services for deploying and managing applications in the cloud.
This tutorial shows how to deploy a RESTful web service on the free
OpenShift Express JavaEE cartridge that runs
<a href="http://www.jboss.org/jbossas">JBossAS 7</a>.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>An application running on <a href="http://www.android.com">Android</a> shows how to
leverage JBoss technology on mobile devices. Specifically, we show how
use the RESTEasy client API from an Android device to integrate with a
RESTful service running on a JBossAS 7 instance in the cloud.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>The following topics are addressed</p>
</div>
<div class="ulist">
<ul>
<li>
<p>What are RESTful web services</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Creating a RESTful server endpoint</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Deploying a RESTful endpoint to a JBossAS instance in the cloud</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>RESTEasy client running on an Android mobile device</p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="what-are-restful-web-services">1.3. What are RESTful Web Services?</h3>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Coming Soon</p>
</div>
<div class="admonitionblock important">
<table>
<tr>
<td class="icon">
<i class="fa icon-important" title="Important"></i>
</td>
<td class="content">
This section is still under development.
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>RESTful web services are designed to expose APIs on the web. REST stands
for <strong>Re</strong>presentational <strong>S</strong>tate <strong>T</strong>ransfer. It aims to provide
better performance, scalability, and flexibility than traditinoal web
services, by allowing clients to access data and resources using
predictable URLs. Many well-known public web services expose RESTful
APIs.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>The Jakarta specification for RESTful services is
JAX-RS. It is covered by JSR-311 ( <a href="http://jcp.org/jsr/detail/311.jsp" class="bare">http://jcp.org/jsr/detail/311.jsp</a>).
In the REST model, the server exposes APIs through specific URIs
(typically URLs), and clients access those URIs to query or modify data.
REST uses a stateless communication protocol. Typically, this is HTTP.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>The following is a summary of RESTful design principles:</p>
</div>
<div class="ulist">
<ul>
<li>
<p>A URL is tied to a resource using the <code>@Path</code> annotation. Clients
access the resource using the URL.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Create, Read, Update, and Delete (CRUD) operations are accessed via
<code>PUT</code>, <code>GET</code>, <code>POST</code>, and <code>DELETE</code> requests in the HTTP protocol.</p>
<div class="ulist">
<ul>
<li>
<p><code>PUT</code> creates a new resource.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>DELETE</code> deletes a resource.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>GET</code> retrieves the current state of a resource.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p><code>POST</code> updates a resources’s state.</p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</li>
<li>
<p>Resources are decoupled from their representation, so that clients can
request the data in a variety of different formats.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Stateful interactions require explicit state transfer, in the form of
URL rewriting, cookies, and hidden form fields. State can also be
embedded in response messages.</p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="creating-a-restful-endpoint">1.4. Creating a RESTful endpoint</h3>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>A RESTful endpoint is deployed as JavaEE web archive (WAR). For this
tutorial we use a simple library application to manage some books. There
are two classes in this application:</p>
</div>
<div class="ulist">
<ul>
<li>
<p>Library</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>Book</p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>The Book is a plain old Java object (POJO) with two attributes. This is
a simple Java representation of a RESTful entity.</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="CodeRay highlight nowrap"><code data-lang="java"><span class="directive">public</span> <span class="type">class</span> <span class="class">Book</span> {
<span class="error"> </span>
<span class="directive">private</span> <span class="predefined-type">String</span> isbn;
<span class="directive">private</span> <span class="predefined-type">String</span> title;
<span class="error"> </span>
...
}</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>The Library is the RESTful Root Resource. Here we use a set of standard
JAX-RS annotations to define</p>
</div>
<div class="ulist">
<ul>
<li>
<p>The root path to the library resource</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The wire representation of the data (MIME type)</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>The Http methods and corresponding paths</p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="CodeRay highlight nowrap"><code data-lang="java"><span class="annotation">@Path</span>(<span class="string"><span class="delimiter">"</span><span class="content">/library</span><span class="delimiter">"</span></span>)
<span class="annotation">@Consumes</span>({ <span class="string"><span class="delimiter">"</span><span class="content">application/json</span><span class="delimiter">"</span></span> })
<span class="annotation">@Produces</span>({ <span class="string"><span class="delimiter">"</span><span class="content">application/json</span><span class="delimiter">"</span></span> })
<span class="directive">public</span> <span class="type">class</span> <span class="class">Library</span> {
<span class="error"> </span>
<span class="annotation">@GET</span>
<span class="annotation">@Path</span>(<span class="string"><span class="delimiter">"</span><span class="content">/books</span><span class="delimiter">"</span></span>)
<span class="directive">public</span> <span class="predefined-type">Collection</span><<span class="predefined-type">Book</span>> getBooks() {
...
}
<span class="error"> </span>
<span class="annotation">@GET</span>
<span class="annotation">@Path</span>(<span class="string"><span class="delimiter">"</span><span class="content">/book/{isbn}</span><span class="delimiter">"</span></span>)
<span class="directive">public</span> <span class="predefined-type">Book</span> getBook(<span class="annotation">@PathParam</span>(<span class="string"><span class="delimiter">"</span><span class="content">isbn</span><span class="delimiter">"</span></span>) <span class="predefined-type">String</span> id) {
...
}
<span class="error"> </span>
<span class="annotation">@PUT</span>
<span class="annotation">@Path</span>(<span class="string"><span class="delimiter">"</span><span class="content">/book/{isbn}</span><span class="delimiter">"</span></span>)
<span class="directive">public</span> <span class="predefined-type">Book</span> addBook(<span class="annotation">@PathParam</span>(<span class="string"><span class="delimiter">"</span><span class="content">isbn</span><span class="delimiter">"</span></span>) <span class="predefined-type">String</span> id, <span class="annotation">@QueryParam</span>(<span class="string"><span class="delimiter">"</span><span class="content">title</span><span class="delimiter">"</span></span>) <span class="predefined-type">String</span> title) {
...
}
<span class="error"> </span>
<span class="annotation">@POST</span>
<span class="annotation">@Path</span>(<span class="string"><span class="delimiter">"</span><span class="content">/book/{isbn}</span><span class="delimiter">"</span></span>)
<span class="directive">public</span> <span class="predefined-type">Book</span> updateBook(<span class="annotation">@PathParam</span>(<span class="string"><span class="delimiter">"</span><span class="content">isbn</span><span class="delimiter">"</span></span>) <span class="predefined-type">String</span> id, <span class="predefined-type">String</span> title) {
...
}
<span class="error"> </span>
<span class="annotation">@DELETE</span>
<span class="annotation">@Path</span>(<span class="string"><span class="delimiter">"</span><span class="content">/book/{isbn}</span><span class="delimiter">"</span></span>)
<span class="directive">public</span> <span class="predefined-type">Book</span> removeBook(<span class="annotation">@PathParam</span>(<span class="string"><span class="delimiter">"</span><span class="content">isbn</span><span class="delimiter">"</span></span>) <span class="predefined-type">String</span> id) {
...
}
}</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>The Library root resource uses these JAX-RS annotations:</p>
</div>
<table class="tableblock frame-all grid-all spread">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 50%;">
<col style="width: 50%;">
</colgroup>
<thead>
<tr>
<th class="tableblock halign-left valign-top">Annotation</th>
<th class="tableblock halign-left valign-top">Description</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">@Path</p></td>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Identifies the URI path that a resource class or class method
will serve requests for</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">@Consumes</p></td>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Defines the media types that the methods of a resource class
can accept</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">@Produces</p></td>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Defines the media type(s) that the methods of a resource
class can produce</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">@GET</p></td>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Indicates that the annotated method responds to HTTP GET requests</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">@PUT</p></td>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Indicates that the annotated method responds to HTTP PUT requests</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">@POST</p></td>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Indicates that the annotated method responds to HTTP POST
requests</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">@DELETE</p></td>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Indicates that the annotated method responds to HTTP DELETE
requests</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>For a full description of the available JAX-RS annotations, see the
<a href="http://download.oracle.com/javaee/6/api/javax/ws/rs/package-summary.html">JAX-RS
API</a> documentation.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="package-and-build-the-endpoint">1.5. Package and build the endpoint</h3>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>To package the endpoint we create a simple web archive and include a
web.xml with the following content</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Review</p>
</div>
<div class="admonitionblock important">
<table>
<tr>
<td class="icon">
<i class="fa icon-important" title="Important"></i>
</td>
<td class="content">
<a href="https://issues.redhat.com/browse/AS7-1674">AS7-1674</a> Remove or explain why
web.xml is needed for RESTful endpoints
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="CodeRay highlight nowrap"><code data-lang="java"><web-app version=<span class="string"><span class="delimiter">"</span><span class="content">2.4</span><span class="delimiter">"</span></span> xmlns=<span class="string"><span class="delimiter">"</span><span class="content">http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee</span><span class="delimiter">"</span></span>
xmlns:xsi=<span class="string"><span class="delimiter">"</span><span class="content">http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance</span><span class="delimiter">"</span></span>
xsi:schemaLocation=<span class="string"><span class="delimiter">"</span><span class="content">http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd</span><span class="delimiter">"</span></span>>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>javax.ws.rs.core.Application</servlet-name>
<url-pattern><span class="comment">/*</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app></span></code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>The root context is defined in jboss-web.xml</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="CodeRay highlight nowrap"><code data-lang="java"><jboss-web>
<context-root>jaxrs-sample</context-root>
</jboss-web></code></pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>The code for the JAX-RS part of this tutorial is available on
<a href="https://github.com/tdiesler/javaee-tutorial/tree/master/jaxrs" class="bare">https://github.com/tdiesler/javaee-tutorial/tree/master/jaxrs</a>. In this
step we clone the repository and build the endpoint using
<a href="http://maven.apache.org">maven</a>. There are a number of JAX-RS client
tests that run against a local JBossAS 7 instance. Before we build the
project, we set the JBOSS_HOME environment variable accordingly.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p><a href="http://www.jboss.org/arquillian">Arquillian</a>, the test framework we use
throughout this tutorial, can manage server startup/shutdown. It is
however also possible to startup the server instance manually before you
run the tests. The latter allows you to look at the console and see what
log output the deployment phase and JAX-RS endpoint invocations produce.</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="CodeRay highlight nowrap"><code data-lang="java"><span class="error">$</span> git clone git:<span class="comment">//github.com/tdiesler/javaee-tutorial.git</span>
Cloning into javaee-tutorial...
<span class="error"> </span>
<span class="error">$</span> cd javaee-tutorial/jaxrs
<span class="error">$</span> <span class="keyword">export</span> JBOSS_HOME=~/workspace/jboss-as-<span class="float">7.0</span><span class="float">.1</span>.Final
<span class="error">$</span> mvn install
...
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Reactor Summary:
[INFO]
[INFO] JavaEE Tutorial - JAX-RS .......................... SUCCESS [<span class="float">1.694</span>s]
[INFO] JavaEE Tutorial - JAX-RS Server ................... SUCCESS [<span class="float">2.392</span>s]
[INFO] JavaEE Tutorial - JAX-RS Client ................... SUCCESS [<span class="float">7.304</span>s]
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: <span class="float">12.142</span>s</code></pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="deploy-the-endpoint-to-openshift">1.6. Deploy the endpoint to OpenShift</h3>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>First we need to create a free
<a href="https://openshift.redhat.com/app/express">OpenShift Express</a> account and
select the JavaEE cartridge that runs JBossAS 7. Once we have received
the confirmation email from OpenShift we can continue to create our
subdomain and deploy the RESTful endpoint. A series of videos on the
OpenShift Express page shows you how to do this. There is also an
excellent <a href="https://openshift.redhat.com/app/express#quickstart">quick
start document</a> that you have access to after login.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>For this tutorial we assume you have done the above and that we can
continue by creating the OpenShift application. This step sets up your
JBossAS 7 instance in the cloud. Additionally a <a href="http://git-scm.com">Git</a>
repository is configured that gives access to your deployed application.</p>
</div>
<div class="listingblock">
<div class="content">
<pre class="CodeRay highlight nowrap"><code data-lang="java"><span class="error">$</span> rhc-create-app -a tutorial -t jbossas-<span class="float">7.0</span>
Password:
<span class="error"> </span>
Attempting to create remote application space: tutorial
Successfully created application: tutorial
Now your <span class="keyword">new</span> domain name is being propagated worldwide (<span class="local-variable">this</span> might take a minute)...