diff --git a/pkg/schedule/schedulers/balance_keyrange.go b/pkg/schedule/schedulers/balance_keyrange.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f7b7d9dae5a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pkg/schedule/schedulers/balance_keyrange.go
@@ -0,0 +1,342 @@
+// Copyright 2024 TiKV Project Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package schedulers
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"cmp"
+	"fmt"
+	"slices"
+
+	"github.com/pingcap/kvproto/pkg/metapb"
+	"github.com/pingcap/log"
+	"github.com/tikv/pd/pkg/core"
+	"github.com/tikv/pd/pkg/errs"
+	sche "github.com/tikv/pd/pkg/schedule/core"
+	"github.com/tikv/pd/pkg/schedule/operator"
+	"github.com/tikv/pd/pkg/schedule/plan"
+	"github.com/tikv/pd/pkg/schedule/types"
+	"go.uber.org/zap"
+)
+
+type StoreRegionSet struct {
+	ID           uint64
+	Info         *core.StoreInfo
+	RegionIDSet  map[uint64]bool
+	OriginalPeer map[uint64]*metapb.Peer
+}
+
+type MigrationOp struct {
+	FromStore    uint64          `json:"from_store"`
+	ToStore      uint64          `json:"to_store"`
+	ToStoreInfo  *core.StoreInfo `json:"to_store_info"`
+	OriginalPeer *metapb.Peer    `json:"original_peer"`
+	Regions      map[uint64]bool `json:"regions"`
+}
+
+func PickRegions(n int, fromStore *StoreRegionSet, toStore *StoreRegionSet) *MigrationOp {
+	o := MigrationOp{
+		FromStore:   fromStore.ID,
+		ToStore:     toStore.ID,
+		ToStoreInfo: toStore.Info,
+		Regions:     make(map[uint64]bool),
+	}
+	for r, removed := range fromStore.RegionIDSet {
+		if n == 0 {
+			break
+		}
+		if removed {
+			continue
+		}
+		if _, exist := toStore.RegionIDSet[r]; !exist {
+			// If toStore doesn't has this region, then create a move op.
+			o.Regions[r] = false
+			o.OriginalPeer = fromStore.OriginalPeer[r]
+			fromStore.RegionIDSet[r] = true
+			n--
+		}
+	}
+	return &o
+}
+
+func buildMigrationPlan(stores []*StoreRegionSet) ([]int, []int, []*MigrationOp) {
+	totalRegionCount := 0
+	if len(stores) == 0 {
+		log.Info("no stores for migration")
+		return []int{}, []int{}, []*MigrationOp{}
+	}
+	for _, store := range stores {
+		totalRegionCount += len(store.RegionIDSet)
+	}
+	for _, store := range stores {
+		percentage := 100 * float64(len(store.RegionIDSet)) / float64(totalRegionCount)
+		log.Info("!!! store region dist",
+			zap.Uint64("store-id", store.ID),
+			zap.Int("num-region", len(store.RegionIDSet)),
+			zap.String("percentage", fmt.Sprintf("%.2f%%", percentage)))
+	}
+	avr := totalRegionCount / len(stores)
+	remainder := totalRegionCount % len(stores)
+	// sort TiFlash stores by region count in descending order
+	slices.SortStableFunc(stores, func(lhs, rhs *StoreRegionSet) int {
+		return -cmp.Compare(len(lhs.RegionIDSet), len(rhs.RegionIDSet))
+	})
+	expectedCount := []int{}
+	for i := 0; i < remainder; i++ {
+		expectedCount = append(expectedCount, avr+1)
+	}
+	for i := remainder; i < len(stores); i++ {
+		expectedCount = append(expectedCount, avr)
+	}
+
+	senders := []int{}
+	receivers := []int{}
+	sendersVolume := []int{}
+	receiversVolume := []int{}
+	for i, store := range stores {
+		if len(store.RegionIDSet) < expectedCount[i] {
+			receivers = append(receivers, i)
+			receiversVolume = append(receiversVolume, expectedCount[i]-len(store.RegionIDSet))
+		}
+		if len(store.RegionIDSet) > expectedCount[i] {
+			senders = append(senders, i)
+			sendersVolume = append(sendersVolume, len(store.RegionIDSet)-expectedCount[i])
+		}
+	}
+
+	ops := []*MigrationOp{}
+
+	for i, senderIndex := range senders {
+		fromStore := stores[senderIndex]
+		for {
+			if sendersVolume[i] <= 0 {
+				break
+			}
+			for j, receiverIndex := range receivers {
+				toStore := stores[receiverIndex]
+				if receiversVolume[j] > 0 {
+					n := sendersVolume[i]
+					if n > receiversVolume[j] {
+						n = receiversVolume[j]
+					}
+					receiversVolume[j] -= n
+					sendersVolume[i] -= n
+					ops = append(ops, PickRegions(n, fromStore, toStore))
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return senders, receivers, ops
+}
+
+type MigrationPlan struct {
+	ErrorCode uint64               `json:"error_code"`
+	StartKey  []byte               `json:"start_key"`
+	EndKey    []byte               `json:"end_key"`
+	Ops       []*MigrationOp       `json:"ops"`
+	Operators []*operator.Operator `json:"operators"`
+}
+
+func ComputeCandidateStores(requiredLabels []*metapb.StoreLabel, stores []*core.StoreInfo, regions []*core.RegionInfo) []*StoreRegionSet {
+	candidates := make([]*StoreRegionSet, 0)
+	for _, s := range stores {
+		storeLabelMap := make(map[string]*metapb.StoreLabel)
+		for _, l := range s.GetLabels() {
+			storeLabelMap[l.Key] = l
+		}
+		gotLabels := true
+		for _, larg := range requiredLabels {
+			if l, ok := storeLabelMap[larg.Key]; ok {
+				if larg.Value != l.Value {
+					gotLabels = false
+					break
+				}
+			} else {
+				gotLabels = false
+				break
+			}
+		}
+
+		if !gotLabels {
+			continue
+		}
+		candidate := &StoreRegionSet{
+			ID:           s.GetID(),
+			Info:         s,
+			RegionIDSet:  make(map[uint64]bool),
+			OriginalPeer: make(map[uint64]*metapb.Peer),
+		}
+		for _, r := range regions {
+			for _, p := range r.GetPeers() {
+				if p.StoreId == s.GetID() {
+					candidate.RegionIDSet[r.GetID()] = false
+					candidate.OriginalPeer[r.GetID()] = p
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		candidates = append(candidates, candidate)
+	}
+	return candidates
+}
+
+func buildErrorMigrationPlan() *MigrationPlan {
+	return &MigrationPlan{ErrorCode: 1, Ops: nil, Operators: nil}
+}
+
+// RedistibuteRegions checks if regions are imbalanced and rebalance them.
+func RedistibuteRegions(c sche.SchedulerCluster, startKey, endKey []byte, requiredLabels []*metapb.StoreLabel) (*MigrationPlan, error) {
+	// startKey, err := hex.DecodeString(string(rawStartKey))
+	// if err != nil {
+	// 	return buildErrorMigrationPlan(), err
+	// }
+	// endKey, err := hex.DecodeString(string(rawEndKey))
+	// if err != nil {
+	// 	return buildErrorMigrationPlan(), err
+	// }
+	if c == nil {
+		return buildErrorMigrationPlan(), errs.ErrNotBootstrapped.GenWithStackByArgs()
+	}
+
+	regions := c.ScanRegions(startKey, endKey, -1)
+	regionIDMap := make(map[uint64]*core.RegionInfo)
+	for _, r := range regions {
+		regionIDMap[r.GetID()] = r
+	}
+
+	stores := c.GetStores()
+	candidates := ComputeCandidateStores(requiredLabels, stores, regions)
+
+	senders, receivers, ops := buildMigrationPlan(candidates)
+
+	log.Info("Migration plan details", zap.Any("startKey", startKey), zap.Any("DstartKey", startKey), zap.Any("endKey", endKey), zap.Any("senders", senders), zap.Any("receivers", receivers), zap.Any("ops", ops), zap.Any("stores", stores))
+
+	operators := make([]*operator.Operator, 0)
+	for _, op := range ops {
+		for rid := range op.Regions {
+			newPeer := &metapb.Peer{StoreId: op.ToStore, Role: op.OriginalPeer.Role, IsWitness: op.OriginalPeer.IsWitness}
+			log.Debug("Create balace region op", zap.Uint64("from", op.FromStore), zap.Uint64("to", op.ToStore), zap.Uint64("region_id", rid))
+			o, err := operator.CreateMovePeerOperator("balance-keyrange", c, regionIDMap[rid], operator.OpReplica, op.FromStore, newPeer)
+			if err != nil {
+				return buildErrorMigrationPlan(), err
+			}
+			operators = append(operators, o)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return &MigrationPlan{
+		ErrorCode: 0,
+		StartKey:  startKey,
+		EndKey:    endKey,
+		Ops:       ops,
+		Operators: operators,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+type balanceKeyrangeSchedulerConfig struct {
+	baseDefaultSchedulerConfig
+
+	Range          core.KeyRange `json:"range"`
+	RequiredLabels []*metapb.StoreLabel
+	BatchSize      uint64
+}
+
+type balanceKeyrangeScheduler struct {
+	*BaseScheduler
+	*retryQuota
+	name          string
+	conf          *balanceKeyrangeSchedulerConfig
+	migrationPlan *MigrationPlan
+}
+
+// newBalanceKeyrangeScheduler creates a scheduler that tends to keep key-range on
+// each store balanced.
+func newBalanceKeyrangeScheduler(opController *operator.Controller, conf *balanceKeyrangeSchedulerConfig, opts ...BalanceKeyrangeCreateOption) Scheduler {
+	scheduler := &balanceKeyrangeScheduler{
+		BaseScheduler: NewBaseScheduler(opController, types.BalanceKeyrangeScheduler, conf),
+		retryQuota:    newRetryQuota(),
+		name:          types.BalanceKeyrangeScheduler.String(),
+		conf:          conf,
+	}
+	for _, setOption := range opts {
+		setOption(scheduler)
+	}
+	return scheduler
+}
+
+// BalanceKeyrangeCreateOption is used to create a scheduler with an option.
+type BalanceKeyrangeCreateOption func(s *balanceKeyrangeScheduler)
+
+// WithBalanceKeyrangeName sets the name for the scheduler.
+func WithBalanceKeyrangeName(name string) BalanceKeyrangeCreateOption {
+	return func(s *balanceKeyrangeScheduler) {
+		s.name = name
+	}
+}
+
+// EncodeConfig implements the Scheduler interface.
+func (s *balanceKeyrangeScheduler) EncodeConfig() ([]byte, error) {
+	return EncodeConfig(s.conf)
+}
+
+// IsScheduleAllowed implements the Scheduler interface.
+func (s *balanceKeyrangeScheduler) IsScheduleAllowed(cluster sche.SchedulerCluster) bool {
+	allowed := s.OpController.OperatorCount(operator.OpKeyrange) < 1
+	if !allowed {
+		operator.IncOperatorLimitCounter(s.GetType(), operator.OpKeyrange)
+	}
+	return allowed
+}
+
+// IsFinished is true if the former schedule is finished, or there is no former schedule at all.
+func (s *balanceKeyrangeScheduler) IsFinished() bool {
+	return s.migrationPlan == nil || len(s.migrationPlan.Operators) == 0
+}
+
+// IsTimeout is true if the schedule took too much time and needs to be canceled.
+func (s *balanceKeyrangeScheduler) IsTimeout() bool {
+	// TODO
+	return false
+}
+
+// Schedule implements the Scheduler interface.
+func (s *balanceKeyrangeScheduler) Schedule(cluster sche.SchedulerCluster, dryRun bool) ([]*operator.Operator, []plan.Plan) {
+	balanceKeyrangeScheduleCounter.Inc()
+
+	if s.IsFinished() {
+		// Generate a new schedule.
+		p, err := RedistibuteRegions(cluster, s.conf.Range.StartKey, s.conf.Range.EndKey, s.conf.RequiredLabels)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Error("balance keyrange can't generate plan", zap.Error(err))
+		}
+		s.migrationPlan = p
+	}
+
+	if !bytes.Equal(s.conf.Range.StartKey, s.migrationPlan.StartKey) || !bytes.Equal(s.conf.Range.EndKey, s.migrationPlan.EndKey) {
+		log.Error("balance keyrange range mismatch", zap.ByteString("confStartKey", s.conf.Range.StartKey), zap.ByteString("confEndKey", s.conf.Range.EndKey), zap.ByteString("planStartKey", s.migrationPlan.StartKey), zap.ByteString("planStartKey", s.migrationPlan.EndKey), zap.Bool("IsFinished", s.IsFinished()))
+		return []*operator.Operator{}, make([]plan.Plan, 0)
+	}
+
+	batchSize := int(s.conf.BatchSize)
+	var part []*operator.Operator
+	if batchSize <= len(s.migrationPlan.Operators) {
+		part = s.migrationPlan.Operators[:batchSize]
+		s.migrationPlan.Operators = s.migrationPlan.Operators[batchSize:]
+	} else {
+		part = s.migrationPlan.Operators
+		s.migrationPlan.Operators = make([]*operator.Operator, 0)
+	}
+	return part, make([]plan.Plan, 0)
+}
diff --git a/pkg/schedule/schedulers/balance_keyrange_test.go b/pkg/schedule/schedulers/balance_keyrange_test.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b600aa5de76
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pkg/schedule/schedulers/balance_keyrange_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+// Copyright 2024 TiKV Project Authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package schedulers
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"net/url"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/suite"
+	"github.com/tikv/pd/pkg/mock/mockcluster"
+	"github.com/tikv/pd/pkg/schedule/config"
+	"github.com/tikv/pd/pkg/schedule/operator"
+	"github.com/tikv/pd/pkg/schedule/types"
+	"github.com/tikv/pd/pkg/storage"
+	"github.com/tikv/pd/pkg/utils/operatorutil"
+	"github.com/tikv/pd/pkg/versioninfo"
+)
+
+type balanceKeyrangeSchedulerTestSuite struct {
+	suite.Suite
+	cancel context.CancelFunc
+	tc     *mockcluster.Cluster
+	oc     *operator.Controller
+	conf   config.SchedulerConfigProvider
+}
+
+func TestBalanceKeyrangeSchedulerTestSuite(t *testing.T) {
+	suite.Run(t, new(balanceKeyrangeSchedulerTestSuite))
+}
+
+func (suite *balanceKeyrangeSchedulerTestSuite) SetupTest() {
+	suite.cancel, suite.conf, suite.tc, suite.oc = prepareSchedulersTest()
+}
+
+func (suite *balanceKeyrangeSchedulerTestSuite) TearDownTest() {
+	suite.cancel()
+}
+
+func (suite *balanceKeyrangeSchedulerTestSuite) TestBalanceKeyrangeNormal() {
+	re := suite.Require()
+
+	cancel, _, tc, oc := prepareSchedulersTest()
+	defer cancel()
+	tc.SetClusterVersion(versioninfo.MinSupportedVersion(versioninfo.Version4_0))
+
+	sb, err := CreateScheduler(types.BalanceKeyrangeScheduler, oc, storage.NewStorageWithMemoryBackend(), ConfigSliceDecoder(types.BalanceKeyrangeScheduler, []string{"1", "", ""}))
+	re.NoError(err)
+
+	tc.AddLabelsStore(10, 16, map[string]string{"engine": "tiflash"})
+	tc.AddLabelsStore(11, 16, map[string]string{})
+	tc.AddLabelsStore(12, 16, map[string]string{})
+
+	tc.AddLeaderRegion(1, 10, 11)
+	tc.AddLeaderRegion(2, 10, 11)
+	tc.AddLeaderRegion(3, 10, 12)
+
+	ops, _ := sb.Schedule(tc, false)
+	re.True(sb.IsFinished())
+	op := ops[0]
+	operatorutil.CheckTransferPeer(re, op, operator.OpKind(0), 10, 12)
+
+	sb, err = CreateScheduler(types.BalanceKeyrangeScheduler, oc, storage.NewStorageWithMemoryBackend(), ConfigSliceDecoder(types.BalanceKeyrangeScheduler, []string{"1", url.QueryEscape("11"), ""}))
+	ops, _ = sb.Schedule(tc, false)
+	re.True(sb.IsFinished())
+	re.Empty(ops)
+}
+
+func (suite *balanceKeyrangeSchedulerTestSuite) TestBalanceKeyrangeFinish() {
+	re := suite.Require()
+
+	cancel, _, tc, oc := prepareSchedulersTest()
+	defer cancel()
+	tc.SetClusterVersion(versioninfo.MinSupportedVersion(versioninfo.Version4_0))
+
+	sb, err := CreateScheduler(types.BalanceKeyrangeScheduler, oc, storage.NewStorageWithMemoryBackend(), ConfigSliceDecoder(types.BalanceKeyrangeScheduler, []string{"1", "", ""}))
+	re.NoError(err)
+
+	tc.AddLabelsStore(10, 16, map[string]string{"engine": "tiflash"})
+	tc.AddLabelsStore(11, 16, map[string]string{})
+	tc.AddLabelsStore(12, 16, map[string]string{})
+
+	tc.AddLeaderRegion(1, 10, 11)
+	tc.AddLeaderRegion(2, 10, 11)
+	tc.AddLeaderRegion(3, 10, 11)
+	tc.AddLeaderRegion(4, 10, 11)
+	tc.AddLeaderRegion(5, 10, 11)
+	tc.AddLeaderRegion(6, 10, 12)
+
+	sb.Schedule(tc, false)
+	re.False(sb.IsFinished())
+	sb.Schedule(tc, false)
+	re.False(sb.IsFinished())
+	sb.Schedule(tc, false)
+	re.True(sb.IsFinished())
+}