Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose
+ + +Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose was an important leader of Indian independence movement. This + Biography profiles his childhood, life, achievements and death.
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+ Here's a time line of Subhash Chandra Bose
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- + Born: January 23, 1897 + +
- + Place of Birth: Cuttack, Orissa. + +
- + Parents: Janakinath Bose (Father) and Prabhavati Devi (Mother). + +
- + Spouse: Emily Schenkl. + +
- + Children: Anita Bose Pfaff + +
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+ Education: Ravenshaw Collegiate School,
+ Cuttack,
+ Presidency College, + Calcutta,
+ University of Cambridge, England. +
+ - + Associations: Indian National Congress; Forward Bloc; Indian National Army + +
- + Movements: Indian Freedom Movement + +
- + Political Ideology: Nationalism; Communism; Fascism-inclined; + +
- + Religious Beliefs: Hinduism + +
- + Publications: The Indian Struggle (1920-1942) + +
- + Death: Unknown + + +
+ Childhood & Early Life
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+ Political Career
+Association with Indian National Congress
+Initially, Subhash Chandra Bose worked under the leadership of Chittaranjan Das, an active member of the + Congress in Calcutta. It was Chittaranjan Das, who along with Motilal Nehru, left Congress and founded + the Swaraj Party in 1922. Bose regarded Chittaranjan Das as his political guru. He himself started the + newspaper ‘Swaraj’, edited Das’ newspaper ‘Forward’ and worked as the CEO of Calcutta Municipal + Corporation under Das’ stint as Mayor. Subhash Chandra Bose played an important role in enlightening the + students, youths and labourers of Calcutta. In his fervent wait to see India as an independent, federal + and republic nation, he emerged as a charismatic and firebrand youth icon. He was admired within the + congress for his great ability in organization development. He served several stints in prison for his + nationalist activities during this time. +
+Dispute with the Congress
+In 1928, during the Guwahati Session of the Congress, a difference of opinion surfaced between the old + and new members of the Congress. The young leaders wanted a "complete self-rule and without any + compromise’ while the senior leaders were in favour of the "dominion status for India within the British + rule". +
+The differences between moderate Gandhi and aggressive Subhash Chandra Bose swelled to irreconcilable + proportions and Bose decided to resign from the party in 1939. He went on to form the Forward Bloc the + same year. +
+Although he voiced his dislike for the British often in his correspondences, he also expressed his + admiration for their structured way of life. He met with the leaders of the British Labor Party and + political thinkers including Clement Attlee, Harold Laski, J.B.S. Haldane, Arthur Greenwood, G.D.H. + Cole, and Sir Stafford Cripps and discussed the possibilities that an independent India might hold. +
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+ Formation of the Indian National Army
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+ Death
+Netaji disappeared mysteriously soon after the retreat. It is said that he went back to Singapore and met + Field Marshal Hisaichi Terauchi, head of all military operations in South East Asia who arranged for him + a flight to Tokyo. He boarded a Mitsubishi Ki-21 heavy bomber from Saigon Airport on August 17, 1945. + The following day the bomber crashed shortly after take-off after a night halt in Taiwan. Witnesses + report that Bose sustained intense third degree burns in the process. He succumbed to his injuries on + Aug 18, 1945. He was cremated on August 20 in Taihoku Crematorium and his ashes were laid to rest at the + Renk?ji Temple of Nichiren Buddhism in Tokyo. +
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+ The government of India set up a number of committees to investigate the case. First the Figgess + Report + in 1946 and then the Shah Nawaz Committee in 1956, concluded that Bose had indeed died in the + crash in + Taiwan. +
+ +Later, the Khosla Commission (1970) concurred with the earlier reports, the reports of Justice + Mukherjee + Commission (2006) said, "Bose did not die in the plane crash and the ashes at Renkoji temple are + not + his". However, the findings were rejected by the Government of India. +
+ +In 2016, following the declassification of a report handed over by the Japanese government to the + Indian + Embassy in Tokyo in 1956, titled "Investigation on the cause of death and other matters of the + late + Subhash Chandra Bose" confirmed the Indian National Hero’s death in Taiwan on August 18, 1945. +
+Ideology
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+ Legacy
+Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose has left deep impact on the psyche of his countrymen. His slogan, ‘Jai Hind’ + is still used in reverence to the country. The International airport in Kolkata has been named Netaji + Subhash Chandra Bose International Airport to commemorate the charismatic leader. +
+ +In Popular Media
+Many documentaries, TV series and films have been made on the life of netaji. In 2004, + revered director + Shyam Benegal made a biopic ‘Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose: The Forgotten Hero’ that received immense + critical acclaim in India as well as in international film festivals. +
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