fork-and-exec.c

#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <err.h>

static void child()
{
	char *args[] = { "/bin/echo", "hello" , NULL};
	printf("I'm child! my pid is %d.\n", getpid());
	fflush(stdout);
	execve("/bin/echo", args, NULL);
	err(EXIT_FAILURE, "exec() failed");
}

static void parent(pid_t pid_c)
{
	printf("I'm parent! my pid is %d and the pid of my child is %d.\n",
	       getpid(), pid_c);
	exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}

int main(void)
{
	pid_t ret;
	ret = fork();
	if (ret == -1)
		err(EXIT_FAILURE, "fork() failed");
	if (ret == 0) {
		// child process came here because fork() returns 0 for child process
		child();
	} else {
		// parent process came here because fork() returns the pid of newly created child process (> 1)
		parent(ret);
	}
	// shouldn't reach here
	err(EXIT_FAILURE, "shouldn't reach here");
}