convert all require() statements to import statements

[zepumph]

While working on #403, it became clear that a large amount of overhead to convert one file to typescript will be converting each spot where that module is used to an import statement, or use require(...).default. This is less than ideal. So we would like to experiment with converting all require statements over to imports.

This also boosts typescript support since require() often provides the import as an "any" type.

[zepumph]

I got to a commit point, but I don't want to push at 5pm. I will discuss with @samreid tomorrow morning.

Next steps:

• Push my local commit from chipper/
• Apply same pattern to perennial
• Address TODO about telling people to convert their js files to ts since they use imports. Not ideal.
• Continue with Convert execute.js to typescript #403

[zepumph]

• Get rid of usages of __dirname in perennial using the pattern from chipper.