diff --git a/stix2/datastore/relational_db/database_backends/database_backend_base.py b/stix2/datastore/relational_db/database_backends/database_backend_base.py
index 4cf46f1b..e5082451 100644
--- a/stix2/datastore/relational_db/database_backends/database_backend_base.py
+++ b/stix2/datastore/relational_db/database_backends/database_backend_base.py
@@ -18,9 +18,6 @@ def __init__(self, database_connection_url, force_recreate=False, **kwargs: Any)
 
         self.database_connection = create_engine(database_connection_url)
 
-    def _fk_pragma_on_connect(self):
-        self.database_connnection.execute('pragma foreign_keys=ON')
-
     def _create_database(self):
         if self.database_exists:
             drop_database(self.database_connection_url)
diff --git a/stix2/datastore/relational_db/database_backends/sqlite_backend.py b/stix2/datastore/relational_db/database_backends/sqlite_backend.py
index ae5473bf..f8094a15 100644
--- a/stix2/datastore/relational_db/database_backends/sqlite_backend.py
+++ b/stix2/datastore/relational_db/database_backends/sqlite_backend.py
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 from typing import Any
 
 from sqlalchemy import TIMESTAMP, LargeBinary, Text
+from sqlalchemy.engine import Engine
 from sqlalchemy import event
 
 from stix2.base import (
@@ -18,7 +19,11 @@ class SQLiteBackend(DatabaseBackend):
     def __init__(self, database_connection_url=default_database_connection_url, force_recreate=False, **kwargs: Any):
         super().__init__(database_connection_url, force_recreate=force_recreate, **kwargs)
 
-        event.listen(self.database_connection, 'connect', self._fk_pragma_on_connect)
+        set_sqlite_pragma(self)
+
+    @event.listens_for(Engine, "connect")
+    def set_sqlite_pragma(self):
+        self.database_connection.execute("PRAGMA foreign_keys=ON")
 
     # =========================================================================
     # sql type methods (overrides)