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Contributing

First off - Thank you for your interest in contributing to the Open OnDemand project!

There is no pull request too small! Everything from simple misspellings to very large feature requests are welcome. If you're not quite sure where to get started you can search our list of good first issues.

Please note we have a code of conduct, please follow it in all your interactions with the project.

Issues

Issues, bug reports, questions and feature requests are always welcome. Feel free to open an issue and use any issue labels as appropriate.

We mostly use Discourse for general questions or help. If you're unsure of where to route your question, Discourse may be the best forum for it.

Other Repositories

There are other repositories to Open OnDemand that are important as well. You may want to check these out too.

Pull Request Process

If you have a large feature it may be preferential to open an issue and discuss it first before putting a lot of work into coding something that may not be accepted. Don't let this discourage you though! Feel free to open tickets and engage with the development team on proposed changes.

  1. Fork this repo.
  2. Branch off of the master branch.
  3. Now create a pull request to this repository! At this point a maintainer will be notified and will start reviwing it.
  4. If changes are being requested, don't let this discourage you! This is a natural part of getting changes right and ensuring quality in what we're building.

Branch Naming and Issue Tagging

Adding a feature

git checkout -b feature/<short-name>-<issue#>

Fixing a bug

git checkout -b bug-fix/<short-name>-<issue#>

Tagging your issue

A best guess is encouraged.

All new issues are reviewed weekly by the OOD team to categorize correctly regardless.

Pull Request Comments

Ensure to include what issue this fixes in the PR comment to help with automated issue closing:

  • "fixes #1234"

Project StyleGuide

  • Any new code must also include testing.
  • If you need help with writing tests please include the test help tag.

Project Conventions

  • Prefer read-only objects. You'll find mostly read only objects spread throughout this code base. This means that attr_writer or attr_accessor are to be avoided and only attr_reader should be used. It follows then, that most objects should accept a large number of parameters in their initializers and set the attributes accordingly.

Linters

For any Ruby librares/apps there is a .rubocop.yml at the top of this project. If you work in IDEs where you want to only open a part of this project, executing rake lint:setup and it will copy copy lint config files to various locations. Watch out though, rake clean will remove them!

Ruby Style

In addition to the RuboCop styles configured described above, we follow common Ruby style and idioms. For example snake_case methods and variable names and favoring functional style methods.

Syntax and Layout

  • Avoid more than 3 levels of nesting.

  • ! instead of not

  • use && or ||

  • use unless over !if

  • {...} for single line block

  • do..end for multiline block

  • omit return for values at end of method

  • Use ||= to init variables only if they're not already initialized

  • Use _ for unused block variables

  • Prefer

    • map over collect
    • find over detect
    • select over find_all
    • size over length

  • utf-8 encoding of source file

  • 2 spaces indent

  • No tabs

  • avoid using semi-colons ;

  • Spaces:

    • around operators =, +, -, *, %

    • around curly bracies { }

    • after commas , colons, and semicolons

      my_hash = { one: 'el1', two: 'el2' }

  • No spaces:

    • After shebang !

    • Around square brackets [ ] or parentheses ( )

      my_arr = [a, b, c]
def my_func(arg: nil)
  if arg != something
    ...
  end
end

  • Empty line between method defintions.

    def method1(arg1)
  ...
end

def method2(arg1)
  ...
end

  • Align successive method chains with .method on subsequent lines:

    obj
  .compact
  .map { |elmt| ... }

  • End each file with a newline.

  • No trailing commas (,) for last element in hash or array:

  • Place closing brackets for multiline statements on their own line:

    # fail
  arr = [
  this = 1,
  that = 2, ]

# pass
arr = [
  this = 1,
  that = 2
]

  • Empty line around attr_ block:

    class MyClass
  attr_reader   :name, :email
  attr_accessor :phone
  
  def initialize(name, email)
    @name   = name
    @email  = email
    @phone  = phone
  end
end

Classes and Modules

  • Set attrs first

  • Set class << self after attrs

  • Set initialize after class << self

    class MyClass
  attr_reader :something, :another

  class << self
    def singleton_method
      ...
    end
  end

  def initialize
    ...
  end
end

  • Indent private and keep defs aligned with the block

    class MyClass
  # public methods
  def public_method
    ...
  end
  
    private

    def my_private_method
      ...
    end
end

Collections

  • Prefer literal array syntax over %w or %i

    # fail
arr_1 = %w(one two three)

# pass
arr_1 = ["one", "two", "three"]

  • Instantiate with literals for all collections if possible.

    # fail
arr = Array.new()
hsh = Hash.new()

# pass
arr = []
hsh = {}

Comments

  • We require comments in the code.
  • Use proper grammar and punctuation.
  • Focus on why the code is the way it is if it is not obvious.
  • Focus less on how the code works, that should be evident from the code.
  • At the top of each class and method please add a description of the intent of the Class or Method
/**
 * Format passed string to snake_case. All characters become lowercase. Existing
 * underscores are unchanged and dashes become underscores. Underscores are added 
 * before locations where an uppercase character is followed by a lowercase character.
 */
function snakeCaseWords(str) {

Exceptions

  • Use implicit begin in method

    # fail
def some_method
  begin
    ...
  rescue Psych::SyntaxError => e
    ...
    raise e
end

# pass
def some_method
  ...
rescue Psych::SyntaxError => e
  ...
  raise e
end

Naming

Variables

  • Use meaningful names:

    • Ruby is not a statically typed language so we need good naming for maintainability.

    • Consider using an objects type for the dummy variable if possible.

    • Otherwise, try to convey what the object being passed to the block is through the name:

      arr_1 = ['one', 'two', 'three']
arr_2 = [1, 2, 3]

# fail
arr_1.each { |e| puts e }
arr_2.each { |e| puts e }

# pass
arr_1.each { |str| puts str }
arr_2.each { |int| puts int }

Methods

  • Avoid is_ in method names.

  • Use ? suffix for methods that return a bool.

  • Use save for boolean return and save! with exception returns.

  • Favor functional methods

    • break up long logic or data transformations into their own methods

  • DRY out code as best you can

    # fail
def some_method
  if var1 && bool2 && x > y || big % small > 1
    ...
  end
end

def some_other_method
  if var1 && bool2 && x > y || big % small > 1
    ...
  end
end

# pass
def some_method
  if conditions_true?
    ...
  end
end

def some_other_method
  if conditions_true?
    ...
  end
end

def conditions_true?
  if var1 && bool2 && x > y || big % small > 1
end

Classe and Modules

  • Mountain/Pascal case for Class and Module names.

    class SomeCustomClass
  # code
  ...
end

JavaScript Style

Beyond the ESLint configuration files, we follow these styles:

  • File names use underscores, _, for word seperators.
  • Variables are camelCase named and are const or let. Using var is discouraged.
  • Function names are camelCase.

Html Style

In general, when making html elements (or Ruby/Js/Etc models of) we'll follow this style.

  • IDs use underscores _ for word seperation. This follows the Rails form_for convention.

CSS Style

  • Applicable SCSS conventions like hyphenated variables and those variables are in the _variables.scss file.
  • class names use hyphens, - for word seperators. If for no other reason than to follow bootstrap which we use quite extensively.
  • classes should mostly use relative sizes (em and rem), rarely pixel values (px).