acintro2

Getting Started with AGS - Part 2

In AGS, games are made up of several rooms, which the player moves between in order to play the game. Each room is one screen that has its own background, hotspots, and objects.

Creating your first room

Scroll down to the bottom of the Project Tree, and you'll see a node called "Rooms".

If you are following the tutorial, you should already have a room created for you. Expand the "Rooms" node and you'll see a "1:" node.
If you are not following the tutorial, right-click on "Rooms" in the Project Tree, and choose "New room". You'll see a "1:" node appear underneath. This shows us that we've created room number 1, and we can give it a name in a moment.

The Rooms list in the project tree

Expand the "1:" node, and double-click the "Edit room" node underneath to open the room in the workspace. You'll see a new window open up with "Room 1" as a new tab across the "Open Windows" tab bar, and your work area has changed to reflect this.

If you are following the tutorial, you'll see a space background showing in the Room Background Preview workspace.
If you are not following the tutorial, you will be shown a default black work area. This is the room background, which is currently blank.

The Room editor is described below and arranged like this:

The Rooms window workspace

There are four main parts to this window:

The Background Selection area allows you to import and manage the room's backgrounds.
The Room Parts drop-down list is the way that you add or modify different aspects of your room (Hotspots, Objects, Walkable areas, etc.), as well as, simply switch between making these aspects visible in the editor for your preview.
The Room Background Preview area is where you see the room's background image, along with various things on top of it, depending on what's selected as visible in the Room Parts option.
The Properties Grid window allows you to set up various properties and events for the room.

Naming the Room

As a first step, let's give the room a description. This is just to help us easily remember which room it is, and this description isn't used at all by the game engine. Click in the "Description" property in the Properties Grid, and type in something appropriate. I chose "SpaceHub" You'll notice that the Project Tree updates to include this description.

The Background

If you are following the tutorial, we're using a background created by an AGS Forums Competition, designed by Selmiak. Obviously, as you continue with AGS you should draw your own backgrounds!
If you are not following the tutorial, then the first thing you need to do now is draw the background for the room. This needs to be an image of at least the same size as your game resolution (that we set earlier on the General Settings pane); if it's bigger than the game resolution then it'll become a scrolling room.

If you'd like to follow the tutorial, you may import the following image:

Selmiak-made background for the updated tutorial

Otherwise, draw the image in your favorite paint package, and once done, save it as a BMP or PNG file. Then, return to the AGS Editor, and press the "Change" button within the "Background Selection" area. Find the file you just created, and click Open.

You should now see the black area in the editor replaced by your image.

I've imported my background

Edges

Within the "Room Parts section" is the "Edit this room's" combobox that says "Room" in it. Select the trailing arrow, and select on the word "Edges". Upon clicking on this you've made the "Edges" sub-section now visible and the "eye" icon within this drop-down is now open to designate this.

Within the "Room Background Preview" area you will see four yellow lines drawn across your image in various places. These are the room edges, and they define how far the character needs to walk to be considered to have left the room. Click and drag them to position them appropriately.

Note (NOTE: Bear in mind that it's the character's feet that are to be considered with these lines when positioning.)

I've lined up the top and right edges correctly

At the moment, walking past the edges won't actually cause anything to happen, but we'll deal with that later. In my example, the character can only walk off the top and right edges, so they're the only ones that I've dragged into position. I've left the others as they are, since we won't be needing them.

Walkable Areas

Next, we need to define the room's walkable areas, which define where characters are allowed to walk within the room. Open up the "Show this room's" Room drop-down list again, and select the "Walkable areas" text.

Note (NOTE: You may still see the "Edges" of the room displaying as they were turned to "visible" when you had that section opened. Clicking on the "Show this Room's" dropdown and clicking on the "eyeball" for "Edges" will make them hidden from your Room Background Preview area.

Walkable areas mode

In the AGS Editor top toolbar you'll notice that some new buttons have appeared. These are the drawing tools, and work in a similar way to most paint packages. AGS Editor provides Line, Freehand, Rectangle and Fill tools. Alternatively, you can draw your walkable area mask in a paint package and import it we'll cover that later in Advanced Room Features.

What we need to do is to fill in the areas of the room where the player is allowed to walk. In the game, the bottom middle of the character is checked against these areas, so it's probably wise to make the walkable areas slightly smaller than they need to be, to allow the character's feet to spill outside the area.

The best way to start off is with the Line tool. Draw some lines to encompass the area that you want to be walkable. Make sure they are all joined up, and then choose the Fill tool and click in the middle of the area, and it should be filled blue. If the whole screen goes blue, click Undo, then use the Line tool to make sure all the edges of the area are properly connected up, and try again.

You can use the right mouse button with the drawing tools to erase areas in the same way that you use the left button to add them.

I've drawn a walkable area where I want the player to be able to walk along.

Walk-behind areas

The next job we need to do is to define the walk-behind areas. These areas (called "priorities" by some other adventure game tools) tell the game where the character needs to be drawn behind the background.

Note (NOTE: If you are following along on the tutorial, unfortunately our example background does not have any walk-behinds to worry about. So, I will show you how you can work with walk-behinds as our previous tutorial did, using a background from Space Quest 4.)

Open up the "Show this room's" Room drop-down list again, and select the "Walk-behinds" text. Your walkable area will disappear and you'll be back to just seeing the room background.

Notice on this Space Quest 4 screen, the player needs to walk in from behind the curved wall on the right.

Now, we draw on the walk-behind area in the same way as we did the walkable area - in fact, all the same drawing tools are available. My result looks like this:

The walk-behind area painted over the pillar

Notice that I haven't bothered to make the whole of the pillar a walk-behind from top to bottom - using my knowledge of the walkable areas and the height of the character, I can just draw a walk-behind in the places where it's possible for the character to be.

Now that we've done that, there's a very important next step in order to make the area work - the baseline. The baseline is a horizontal line, which tells the game where the character has to be in order to be drawn behind the area. For example, if you had a table in the middle of the room, you'd only want him drawn behind the table if he was standing behind it.

You normally place a baseline at the lowest point of the walk-behind area. Move the mouse cursor to the bottom of the walk-behind area, and look at the "Mouse Position" display above the room background. These are the X and Y co-ordinates of where the mouse cursor currently is. We're only interested in the Y co-ordinate, so type it in to the Baseline setting in the property grid.

By default, we've been drawing blue areas onto the screen. But what if we had two pillars, in different places? We wouldn't want the same baseline to apply to both. Never fear, AGS allows you to have several different areas on each screen. Above the property grid, there's a combobox that says "Walk-behind area ID 1". You can change this to another ID to then draw in another color, and each area has its own baseline.

Selecting a different walk-behind area

Note (NOTE: Going forward this tutorial will return to the Space Hub background image.)

Trying out the game

OK, we've slogged away at making our room - now it's about time to give it a go. Press F5, or click "Run" on the Build menu. This will save your work and launch the game! Once loaded, you should see your room with the character in it.

Note (NOTE: When you use the Run command, the game will always run in a window. If you want to test the game full-screen, use the Ctrl+F5 ("Run without debugger") option.)

Try to move the character around. If he won't move, he probably didn't start on a walkable area. If this is the case, expand the "Characters" node in the project tree, and double-click "cEgo". Then, look in the property grid for two properties called "StartX" and "StartY". You can find out what these co-ordinates should be by going back to your room background, positioning the mouse cursor at the place where you want the character to start, and reading the "Mouse Position" display.

Once you've got that working, have a play walking the character around the screen, testing out the walkable and walk-behind areas.

Note (NOTE: The normal way of exiting the game is to press Ctrl+Q. It's possible that during development of your game, you may create a script that causes the game to lock up - in this case, the emergency break key Alt+X will exit the game for you.)