i2s_intf.vhd

-- ZX Spectrum for Altera DE1
--
-- Copyright (c) 2009-2011 Mike Stirling
--
-- All rights reserved
--
-- Redistribution and use in source and synthezised forms, with or without
-- modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
--
-- * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
--   this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
--
-- * Redistributions in synthesized form must reproduce the above copyright
--   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
--   documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
--
-- * Neither the name of the author nor the names of other contributors may
--   be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
--   specific prior written agreement from the author.
--
-- * License is granted for non-commercial use only.  A fee may not be charged
--   for redistributions as source code or in synthesized/hardware form without 
--   specific prior written agreement from the author.
--
-- THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
-- AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
-- THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
-- PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
-- LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
-- CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
-- SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
-- INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
-- CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
-- ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
-- POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
--

library IEEE;
use IEEE.STD_LOGIC_1164.ALL;
use IEEE.STD_LOGIC_ARITH.ALL;
use IEEE.STD_LOGIC_UNSIGNED.ALL;

entity i2s_intf is
generic(
	mclk_rate : positive := 12000000;
	sample_rate : positive := 8000;
	preamble : positive := 1; -- I2S
	word_length : positive := 16
	);

port (
	-- 2x MCLK in (e.g. 24 MHz for WM8731 USB mode)
	CLK			:	in	std_logic;
	nRESET		:	in	std_logic;
	
	-- Parallel IO
	PCM_INL		:	out	std_logic_vector(word_length - 1 downto 0);
	PCM_INR		:	out	std_logic_vector(word_length - 1 downto 0);
	PCM_OUTL	:	in	std_logic_vector(word_length - 1 downto 0);
	PCM_OUTR	:	in	std_logic_vector(word_length - 1 downto 0);
	
	-- Codec interface (right justified mode)
	-- MCLK is generated at half of the CLK input
	I2S_MCLK	:	out	std_logic;
	-- LRCLK is equal to the sample rate and is synchronous to
	-- MCLK.  It must be related to MCLK by the oversampling ratio
	-- given in the codec datasheet.
	I2S_LRCLK	:	out	std_logic;
	
	-- Data is shifted out on the falling edge of BCLK, sampled
	-- on the rising edge.  The bit rate is determined such that
	-- it is fast enough to fit preamble + word_length bits into
	-- each LRCLK half cycle.  The last cycle of each word may be 
	-- stretched to fit to LRCLK.  This is OK at least for the 
	-- WM8731 codec.
	-- The first falling edge of each timeslot is always synchronised
	-- with the LRCLK edge.
	I2S_BCLK	:	out	std_logic;
	-- Output bitstream
	I2S_DOUT	:	out	std_logic;
	-- Input bitstream
	I2S_DIN		:	in	std_logic
	);
end i2s_intf;

architecture i2s_intf_arch of i2s_intf is
constant ratio_mclk_fs : positive := (mclk_rate / sample_rate);
constant lrdivider_top : positive := (ratio_mclk_fs / 2) - 1;
constant bdivider_top : positive := (ratio_mclk_fs / 8 / (preamble + word_length) * 2) - 1;
constant nbits : positive := preamble + word_length;

subtype lrdivider_t is integer range 0 to lrdivider_top;
subtype bdivider_t is integer range 0 to bdivider_top;
subtype bitcount_t is integer range 0 to nbits;

signal lrdivider : lrdivider_t; 
signal bdivider : bdivider_t;
signal bitcount : bitcount_t;

signal mclk_r : std_logic;
signal lrclk_r : std_logic;
signal bclk_r : std_logic;

-- Shift register is long enough for the number of data bits
-- plus the preamble, plus an extra bit on the right to register
-- the incoming data
signal shiftreg : std_logic_vector(nbits downto 0);
begin
	I2S_MCLK <= mclk_r;
	I2S_LRCLK <= lrclk_r;
	I2S_BCLK <= bclk_r;
	I2S_DOUT <= shiftreg(nbits); -- data goes out MSb first

	process(nRESET,CLK)
	begin
		if nRESET = '0' then
			PCM_INL <= (others => '0');
			PCM_INR <= (others => '0');
						
			-- Preload down-counters for clock generation
			lrdivider <= lrdivider_top;
			bdivider <= bdivider_top;
			bitcount <= nbits;
			
			mclk_r <= '0';
			lrclk_r <= '0';
			bclk_r <= '0';
			shiftreg <= (others => '0');
		elsif rising_edge(CLK) then
			-- Generate MCLK at half input clock rate
			mclk_r <= not mclk_r;
			
			-- Generate LRCLK at rate specified by codec configuration
			if lrdivider = 0 then
				-- LRCLK divider has reached 0 - start again from the top
				lrdivider <= lrdivider_top;
				
				-- Generate LRCLK edge and sync the BCLK counter
				lrclk_r <= not lrclk_r;
				bclk_r <= '0';
				bitcount <= nbits; -- 1 extra required for setup
				bdivider <= bdivider_top;
				
				-- Load shift register with output data padding preamble
				-- with 0s.  Load output buses with input word from the 
				-- previous timeslot.
				shiftreg(nbits downto nbits - preamble + 1) <= (others => '0');
				if lrclk_r = '0' then
					-- Previous channel input is LEFT.  This is available in the
					-- shift register at the end of a cycle, right justified
					PCM_INL <= shiftreg(word_length - 1 downto 0);
					-- Next channel to output is RIGHT.  Load this into the
					-- shift register at the start of a cycle, left justified
					shiftreg(word_length downto 1) <= PCM_OUTR;
				else
					-- Previous channel input is RIGHT
					PCM_INR <= shiftreg(word_length - 1 downto 0);
					-- Next channel is LEFT
					shiftreg(word_length downto 1) <= PCM_OUTL;
				end if;
			else
				-- Decrement the LRCLK counter
				lrdivider <= lrdivider - 1;
				
				-- Generate BCLK at a suitable rate to fit the required number
				-- of bits into each timeslot.  Data is changed on the falling edge,
				-- sampled on the rising edge
				if bdivider = 0 then
					-- If all bits have been output for this phase then
					-- stop and wait to sync back up with LRCLK
					if bitcount > 0 then
						-- Reset
						bdivider <= bdivider_top;
						
						-- Toggle BCLK
						bclk_r <= not bclk_r;
						if bclk_r = '0' then
							-- Rising edge - shift in current bit and decrement bit counter
							bitcount <= bitcount - 1;
							shiftreg(0) <= I2S_DIN;
						else
							-- Falling edge - shift out next bit
							shiftreg(nbits downto 1) <= shiftreg(nbits - 1 downto 0);
						end if;
					end if;
				else
					-- Decrement the BCLK counter
					bdivider <= bdivider - 1;
				end if;
			end if;
			
		end if;
	end process;
end i2s_intf_arch;