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class="sidebar-link">Satis</a></li><li><a href="/symfony.html" class="sidebar-link">Symfony</a></li><li><a href="/php_eol.html" class="sidebar-link">使用 EOL 的 PHP 版本</a></li></ul></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>生产环境</span> <!----></p> <ul class="sidebar-links sidebar-group-items"><li><a href="/production.html" class="sidebar-link">配置</a></li><li><a href="/swarm/" class="sidebar-link">Docker Swarm</a></li><li><a href="/kubernetes/" class="sidebar-link">在 Kubernetes 集群部署 LNMP</a></li><li><a href="/kubernetes/docker-desktop.html" class="sidebar-link">K8s on Docker Desktop</a></li><li><a href="/registry.html" class="sidebar-link">Docker Registry</a></li></ul></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>计划任务</span> <!----></p> <ul class="sidebar-links sidebar-group-items"><li><a href="/crontab.html" class="sidebar-link">Crontab 计划任务</a></li><li><a href="/supervisord.html" class="sidebar-link">Supervisord</a></li></ul></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>镜像构建</span> <!----></p> <ul class="sidebar-links sidebar-group-items"><li><a href="/manifest.html" class="sidebar-link">构建支持多种架构的 Docker 镜像</a></li><li><a href="/buildx.html" class="sidebar-link">docker buildx</a></li></ul></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>数据卷 Volumes</span> <!----></p> <ul class="sidebar-links sidebar-group-items"><li><a href="/volumes/nfs.html" class="sidebar-link">NFS Volume(NFSv4)</a></li></ul></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>集群</span> <!----></p> <ul class="sidebar-links sidebar-group-items"><li><a href="/clusterkit/" class="sidebar-link">ClusterKit</a></li><li><a href="/clusterkit/memcached.html" class="sidebar-link">Memcached</a></li><li><a href="/clusterkit/mysql.html" class="sidebar-link">MySQL 复制</a></li><li><a href="/clusterkit/redis_cluster.html" class="sidebar-link">Redis 集群版 (redis-cli --cluster)</a></li><li><a href="/clusterkit/redis_replication.html" class="sidebar-link">Redis 主从版 (M-S) 复制模式 replication</a></li><li><a href="/clusterkit/redis_sentinel.html" class="sidebar-link">Redis 哨兵版 Sentinel</a></li></ul></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>参考</span> <!----></p> <ul class="sidebar-links sidebar-group-items"><li><a href="/dockerd.html" class="sidebar-link">dockerd</a></li><li><a href="/dockerfiles.html" class="sidebar-link">Dockerfile 注意事项</a></li><li><a href="/systemd.html" class="sidebar-link">systemd</a></li><li><a href="/journalctl.html" class="sidebar-link">systemd 日志管理</a></li><li><a href="/git.html" class="sidebar-link">Git Tips</a></li><li><a href="/gpg.html" class="sidebar-link">Git GPG</a></li><li><a href="/network.html" class="sidebar-link">国内网络问题</a></li><li><a href="/mirror.html" class="sidebar-link">Docker 常用镜像站点</a></li><li><a href="/windows/container.html" class="sidebar-link">Windows Container</a></li><li><a href="/arm.html" class="sidebar-link">ARM 架构</a></li><li><a href="/ab.html" class="sidebar-link">ab command</a></li><li><a href="/minio.html" class="sidebar-link">Minio</a></li><li><a href="/windows/wsl2.html" class="sidebar-link">WSL2</a></li><li><a href="/powershell.html" class="sidebar-link">PowerShell</a></li><li><a href="/go.html" class="sidebar-link">Go</a></li><li><a href="/github.html" class="sidebar-link">GitHub</a></li><li><a href="/vscode.html" class="sidebar-link">VSCode</a></li><li><a href="/cgroupv2.html" class="sidebar-link">cGroupv2</a></li><li><a href="/iscsi.html" class="sidebar-link">ISCSI</a></li><li><a href="/mount.html" class="sidebar-link">文件挂载相关命令</a></li><li><a href="/cfssl.html" class="sidebar-link">CFSSL</a></li><li><a href="/ssh.html" class="sidebar-link">SSH</a></li><li><a href="/encrypt.html" class="sidebar-link">加解密文件</a></li><li><a href="/coding/ci.html" class="sidebar-link">【玩转腾讯云】在 CODING DevOps 持续集成中使用 Buildx 构建 Docker 镜像</a></li></ul></section></li></ul> </aside> <main class="page"> <div class="theme-default-content content__default"><h1 id="laravel-最佳实践"><a href="#laravel-最佳实践" class="header-anchor">#</a> Laravel 最佳实践</h1> <h2 id="安装-laravel"><a href="#安装-laravel" class="header-anchor">#</a> 安装 Laravel</h2> <div class="language-bash extra-class"><pre class="language-bash"><code>$ <span class="token builtin class-name">cd</span> app
$ lnmp-laravel new laravel
<span class="token comment"># 上面的命令会安装 Laravel 最新的主线版本（10.x），如果你要安装特定版本可以加上 **版本号**</span>
<span class="token comment"># $ lnmp-laravel new FOLDER VERSION</span>
<span class="token comment"># $ lnmp-laravel new laravel5.5 5.5</span>
<span class="token comment"># 你也可以使用 `composer` 安装</span>
<span class="token comment"># $ lnmp-composer create-project laravel/laravel laravel5.5 "5.5.*"</span>
</code></pre></div><p>具体请查看 <a href="/command.html">这里</a></p> <h2 id="设置-laravel-env-文件"><a href="#设置-laravel-env-文件" class="header-anchor">#</a> 设置 Laravel .env 文件</h2> <p>正确配置服务的 <code>HOST</code>，填写 <code>127.0.0.1</code> 将连接不到服务，具体原因不再赘述。</p> <div class="language-bash extra-class"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token assign-left variable">DB_HOST</span><span class="token operator">=</span>mysql
<span class="token assign-left variable">REDIS_HOST</span><span class="token operator">=</span>redis
<span class="token assign-left variable">MEMCACHED_HOST</span><span class="token operator">=</span>memcached
</code></pre></div><h2 id="安装-laravel-ide-helper"><a href="#安装-laravel-ide-helper" class="header-anchor">#</a> 安装 <a href="https://github.com/barryvdh/laravel-ide-helper" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">laravel-ide-helper<span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a></h2> <div class="language-bash extra-class"><pre class="language-bash"><code>$ lnmp-composer require --dev barryvdh/laravel-ide-helper
</code></pre></div><div class="language-bash extra-class"><pre class="language-bash"><code>$ lnmp-php artisan ide-helper:eloquent
$ lnmp-php artisan ide-helper:generate
$ lnmp-php artisan ide-helper:meta
$ lnmp-php artisan ide-helper:models
</code></pre></div><p><strong>.gitignore</strong></p> <div class="language-bash extra-class"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token comment"># .gitignore</span>
.phpstorm.meta.php
_ide_helper.php
.php_cs.cache
</code></pre></div><h2 id="windows-运行-laravel-响应缓慢的问题"><a href="#windows-运行-laravel-响应缓慢的问题" class="header-anchor">#</a> Windows 运行 Laravel 响应缓慢的问题</h2> <ul><li>Docker Desktop 上 Docker 运行在虚拟机，项目文件位于 Windows</li> <li>Docker Desktop(WSL2) 上 Docker 运行在 WSL2(仍然是虚拟机)，项目文件位于 Windows</li></ul> <p>以上两种情况项目文件位于 Windows 均为跨主机, 故存在文件性能问题。</p> <p>这些情况下 <code>vendor</code> 目录可以使用数据卷（数据卷存在于虚拟机中）。<a href="https://code.visualstudio.com/remote/advancedcontainers/improve-performance#_use-a-targeted-named-volume" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">vsCode<span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></a> 的说明和笔者提出的方案原理大致相同。</p> <p>由于文件性能问题，不推荐将项目文件放置于 Windows。</p> <p>另一个方案是将项目文件夹放置于 WSL2，有以下两种方案：</p> <h3 id="第一种方案是使用-vscode-remote-wsl-wsl-远程开发"><a href="#第一种方案是使用-vscode-remote-wsl-wsl-远程开发" class="header-anchor">#</a> 第一种方案是使用 <strong>vsCode remote WSL</strong> WSL 远程开发</h3> <blockquote><p>项目放置于 WSL2 也可以使用 PHPStorm，请参考 https://github.com/khs1994-docker/php-demo</p></blockquote> <p><strong>1. 在 Docker 设置中启用 WSL2 集成</strong></p> <p><code>Resources</code> -> <code>WSL INTEGRATION</code>-> <code>Enable integration with additional distros:</code> -> <code>开启你所使用的 WSL2 （例如：Ubuntu）</code></p> <p><strong>2. 安装 vsCode 扩展</strong></p> <div class="language-bash extra-class"><pre class="language-bash"><code>$ code --install-extension ms-vscode-remote.remote-wsl
</code></pre></div><p><strong>3. 在 <code>.env</code> 中修改变量</strong></p> <div class="language-bash extra-class"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token assign-left variable">APP_ROOT</span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token punctuation">\</span><span class="token punctuation">\</span>wsl$<span class="token punctuation">\</span>ubuntu<span class="token punctuation">\</span>app
</code></pre></div><p><strong>4. 将 lnmp/bin 目录加入到 WSL2 PATH</strong></p> <div class="language-powershell extra-class"><pre class="language-powershell"><code><span class="token comment"># 在 Windows 终端执行</span>
$ cd ~<span class="token operator">/</span>lnmp<span class="token operator">/</span>bin
$ <span class="token variable">$env</span>:WSLENV=<span class="token string">"LNMP_BIN_WIN_PATH/p"</span>
$ <span class="token variable">$env</span>:LNMP_BIN_WIN_PATH=<span class="token variable">$PWD</span>
$ wsl <span class="token operator">-</span>d <WSL名称> <span class="token operator">--</span> sh <span class="token operator">-</span>c <span class="token string">'echo PATH=\\\$PATH:$LNMP_BIN_WIN_PATH >> ~/.bashrc; tail ~/.bashrc'</span>
<span class="token comment"># $ sudo usermod -aG docker $USER</span>
</code></pre></div><p><strong>以上步骤仅需执行一次，后续开发从以下步骤开始</strong></p> <p><strong>5. 启动 LNMP</strong></p> <div class="language-bash extra-class"><pre class="language-bash"><code>$ ./lnmp-docker up
</code></pre></div><p><strong>6. 安装 laravel 到 laravel 文件夹</strong></p> <div class="language-powershell extra-class"><pre class="language-powershell"><code>$ lnmp<span class="token operator">-</span>docker code
</code></pre></div><p>执行上述命令会出现 vsCode 窗口</p> <p>在 vsCode 中点击菜单栏 <code>查看</code> -> <code>终端</code>，在出现的终端中执行命令</p> <div class="language-bash extra-class"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token comment"># 安装 laravel 到 laravel 文件夹</span>
<span class="token comment"># 安装 laravel 10 使用阿里云镜像会出现错误，暂时切换到其他镜像</span>
$ lnmp-composer config -g repos.packagist <span class="token function">composer</span> https://mirrors.cloud.tencent.com/composer/
<span class="token comment"># 切换回阿里云镜像</span>
<span class="token comment"># lnmp-composer config -g repos.packagist composer https://mirrors.aliyun.com/composer/</span>
$ lnmp-laravel new laravel
<span class="token comment"># 文件可能因为权限问题无法编辑，更改权限</span>
$ <span class="token function">sudo</span> <span class="token function">chown</span> -R <span class="token number">1000</span>:1000 /app
$ <span class="token function">sudo</span> <span class="token function">chmod</span> -R <span class="token number">777</span> /app/laravel/storage/app
$ <span class="token function">sudo</span> <span class="token function">chmod</span> -R <span class="token number">777</span> /app/laravel/storage/logs
$ <span class="token function">sudo</span> <span class="token function">chmod</span> -R <span class="token number">777</span> /app/laravel/storage/framework
</code></pre></div><p>关闭 vsCode</p> <p><strong>8. 日常开发步骤</strong></p> <div class="language-powershell extra-class"><pre class="language-powershell"><code>$ lnmp<span class="token operator">-</span>docker code laravel
</code></pre></div><p>执行上述命令会出现 vsCode 窗口</p> <p>在 vsCode 中点击菜单栏 <code>查看</code> -> <code>终端</code>，在出现的终端中执行命令</p> <p>本例以添加 <code>laravel/jetstream</code> 组件为例：</p> <div class="language-bash extra-class"><pre class="language-bash"><code>$ lnmp-composer require laravel/jetstream
$ lnmp-php artisan jetstream:install inertia
$ lnmp-npm <span class="token function">install</span>
$ lnmp-npm run build
$ lnmp-php artisan migrate
<span class="token comment"># 打开 http://127.0.0.1/register 查看页面</span>
</code></pre></div><h3 id="第二种方案是使用-vscode-remote-container-容器远程开发"><a href="#第二种方案是使用-vscode-remote-container-容器远程开发" class="header-anchor">#</a> 第二种方案是使用 <strong>vsCode remote container</strong> 容器远程开发</h3> <p><strong>1. 在 Docker 设置中启用 WSL2 集成</strong></p> <p><code>Resources</code> -> <code>WSL INTEGRATION</code>-> <code>Enable integration with additional distros:</code> -> <code>开启你所使用的 WSL2 （例如：Ubuntu）</code></p> <p><strong>2. 安装 vsCode 扩展</strong></p> <div class="language-bash extra-class"><pre class="language-bash"><code>$ code --install-extension ms-vscode-remote.remote-containers
</code></pre></div><p><strong>3. 在 <code>.env</code> 中修改变量</strong></p> <div class="language-bash extra-class"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token comment"># .env</span>
<span class="token assign-left variable">APP_ROOT</span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token punctuation">\</span><span class="token punctuation">\</span>wsl$<span class="token punctuation">\</span>ubuntu<span class="token punctuation">\</span>app
<span class="token comment"># 增加 vscode-remote-container-workspace 服务</span>
<span class="token assign-left variable">LNMP_SERVICES</span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">"nginx mysql php8 redis vscode-remote-container-workspace"</span>
</code></pre></div><p><strong>以上步骤仅需执行一次，后续开发从以下步骤开始</strong></p> <p><strong>4. 启动 LNMP</strong></p> <div class="language-bash extra-class"><pre class="language-bash"><code>$ ./lnmp-docker up
</code></pre></div><p><strong>5. 打开 vsCode</strong></p> <p>左下角 <code>打开远程窗口</code> -> <code>Remote-Containers: Attach to Running Container...</code> -> 选择 <code>lnmp_vscode-remote-container-workspace_1</code> 容器 -> 出现新窗口 -> 左面选择打开文件夹 -> 输入 <code>/app</code></p> <p>在 vsCode 中点击菜单栏 <code>查看</code> -> <code>终端</code></p> <p>在出现的终端中执行命令，本例以添加 <code>laravel/jetstream</code> 组件为例：</p> <div class="language-bash extra-class"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token comment"># 安装 laravel 到 laravel 文件夹</span>
<span class="token comment"># $ composer create-project --prefer-dist laravel/laravel laravel</span>
<span class="token comment"># 文件可能因为权限问题无法编辑，更改权限</span>
<span class="token comment"># $ $WSL2_DIST=ubuntu</span>
<span class="token comment"># $ wsl -d $WSL2_DIST -u root -- chown -R 1000:1000 /app</span>
<span class="token comment"># $ wsl -d $WSL2_DIST -u root -- chmod -R 777 /app/laravel/storage/app</span>
<span class="token comment"># $ wsl -d $WSL2_DIST -u root -- chmod -R 777 /app/laravel/storage/logs</span>
<span class="token comment"># $ wsl -d $WSL2_DIST -u root -- chmod -R 777 /app/laravel/storage/framework</span>
$ <span class="token builtin class-name">cd</span> laravel
$ <span class="token function">composer</span> require laravel/jetstream
$ php artisan jetstream:install inertia
Vue scaffolding installed successfully.
Please run <span class="token string">"npm install && npm run dev"</span> to compile your fresh scaffolding.
Authentication scaffolding generated successfully.
</code></pre></div><p>在 Windows 终端中执行以下命令：</p> <div class="language-powershell extra-class"><pre class="language-powershell"><code>$ lnmp<span class="token operator">-</span>docker code<span class="token operator">-</span>run <span class="token operator">-</span>w <span class="token operator">/</span>app<span class="token operator">/</span>laravel npm install
$ lnmp<span class="token operator">-</span>docker code<span class="token operator">-</span>run <span class="token operator">-</span>w <span class="token operator">/</span>app<span class="token operator">/</span>laravel npm run dev
<span class="token comment"># 打开 http://127.0.0.1/register 查看页面</span>
</code></pre></div><h2 id="php-相关的-vscode-扩展"><a href="#php-相关的-vscode-扩展" class="header-anchor">#</a> PHP 相关的 vsCode 扩展</h2> <ul><li><code>xdebug.php-debug</code></li> <li>更多扩展请查看 https://github.com/khs1994-docker/lnmp/blob/master/.devcontainer/devcontainer.json <strong>extensions</strong> 项</li></ul> <h2 id="运行-laravel-队列-queue"><a href="#运行-laravel-队列-queue" class="header-anchor">#</a> 运行 Laravel 队列(Queue)</h2> <ul><li><strong>方案1：</strong> 使用 <strong>宿主机</strong> 的系统级的守护程序（systemd 等）来运行以下命令。具体请查看 <a href="/systemd.html">systemd</a></li></ul> <div class="language-bash extra-class"><pre class="language-bash"><code>$ lnmp-docker php8-cli php /app/laravel/artisan queue:work --tries<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token number">3</span>
</code></pre></div><ul><li><strong>方案2：</strong> 参考 <code>config/s6</code> 或 <code>config/supervisord</code> 在一个容器中同时运行多个服务 (两钟方案中均包含了 Laravel 队列等示例)。</li></ul> <h2 id="运行-laravel-调度器-schedule"><a href="#运行-laravel-调度器-schedule" class="header-anchor">#</a> 运行 Laravel 调度器(Schedule)</h2> <p>参考上一节队列的说明。</p> <div class="language-bash extra-class"><pre class="language-bash"><code>$ lnmp-docker php8-cli php /app/laravel/artisan schedule:run
</code></pre></div><h2 id="运行-laravel-horizon"><a href="#运行-laravel-horizon" class="header-anchor">#</a> 运行 Laravel horizon</h2> <ul><li>https://laravel.com/docs/10.x/horizon</li></ul> <div class="language-bash extra-class"><pre class="language-bash"><code>$ lnmp-composer require laravel/horizon
$ lnmp-php artisan horizon:install
</code></pre></div><p><strong>配置</strong></p> <p><code>config/horizon.php</code> <code>environments</code> 数组必须包含当前 Laravel 运行的环境。</p> <p><strong>跳过验证</strong></p> <p><code>app/Providers/HorizonServiceProvider.php</code></p> <div class="language-php extra-class"><pre class="language-php"><code><span class="token keyword">protected</span> <span class="token keyword">function</span> <span class="token function">gate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
Gate<span class="token punctuation">:</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span><span class="token function">define</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token single-quoted-string string">'viewHorizon'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token keyword">function</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token variable">$user</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">null</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token boolean constant">true</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token function">in_array</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token variable">$user</span><span class="token operator">-</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token property">email</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token single-quoted-string string">'[email protected]'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre></div><p>参考上一节队列的说明。</p> <div class="language-bash extra-class"><pre class="language-bash"><code>$ lnmp-docker php8-cli php /app/laravel/artisan horizon
</code></pre></div></div> <footer class="page-edit"><div class="edit-link"><a href="https://github.com/khs1994-docker/lnmp/edit/master/docs/laravel.md" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Edit this page</a> <span><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg> <span class="sr-only">(opens new window)</span></span></div> <!----></footer> <div class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev">
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