From c6b7ea433efcbf82b4753108b890db1fb8fde53a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Simon=20H=C3=B8xbro=20Hansen?= <simon.hansen@me.com>
Date: Fri, 13 Dec 2024 15:05:33 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 1/9] Hide direct pandas import

---
 holoviews/core/data/cudf.py            | 6 ++++--
 holoviews/core/data/spatialpandas.py   | 4 +++-
 holoviews/core/data/xarray.py          | 3 ++-
 holoviews/element/graphs.py            | 4 +++-
 holoviews/element/selection.py         | 2 +-
 holoviews/operation/timeseries.py      | 2 +-
 holoviews/plotting/bokeh/annotation.py | 3 ++-
 holoviews/plotting/bokeh/util.py       | 2 +-
 holoviews/streams.py                   | 5 ++++-
 holoviews/util/transform.py            | 3 ++-
 10 files changed, 23 insertions(+), 11 deletions(-)

diff --git a/holoviews/core/data/cudf.py b/holoviews/core/data/cudf.py
index f316e5e6e4..2e886b4304 100644
--- a/holoviews/core/data/cudf.py
+++ b/holoviews/core/data/cudf.py
@@ -3,8 +3,6 @@
 from itertools import product
 
 import numpy as np
-import pandas as pd
-from pandas.api.types import is_numeric_dtype
 
 from .. import util
 from ..dimension import dimension_name
@@ -49,6 +47,7 @@ def applies(cls, obj):
     @classmethod
     def init(cls, eltype, data, kdims, vdims):
         import cudf
+        import pandas as pd
 
         element_params = eltype.param.objects()
         kdim_param = element_params['kdims']
@@ -276,6 +275,9 @@ def add_dimension(cls, dataset, dimension, dim_pos, values, vdim):
 
     @classmethod
     def aggregate(cls, dataset, dimensions, function, **kwargs):
+        import pandas as pd
+        from pandas.api.types import is_numeric_dtype
+
         data = dataset.data
         cols = [d.name for d in dataset.kdims if d in dimensions]
         vdims = dataset.dimensions('value', label='name')
diff --git a/holoviews/core/data/spatialpandas.py b/holoviews/core/data/spatialpandas.py
index 5a8af8b8cd..9e1102ddf1 100644
--- a/holoviews/core/data/spatialpandas.py
+++ b/holoviews/core/data/spatialpandas.py
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 from collections import defaultdict
 
 import numpy as np
-import pandas as pd
 
 from ..dimension import dimension_name
 from ..util import isscalar, unique_array, unique_iterator
@@ -98,6 +97,8 @@ def init(cls, eltype, data, kdims, vdims):
         elif 'geometry' not in data:
             cls.geo_column(data)
 
+        import pandas as pd
+
         index_names = data.index.names if isinstance(data, pd.DataFrame) else [data.index.name]
         if index_names == [None]:
             index_names = ['index']
@@ -865,6 +866,7 @@ def from_multi(eltype, data, kdims, vdims):
     Returns:
         A GeoDataFrame containing in the list based format.
     """
+    import pandas as pd
     from spatialpandas import GeoDataFrame
 
     xname, yname = (kd.name for kd in kdims[:2])
diff --git a/holoviews/core/data/xarray.py b/holoviews/core/data/xarray.py
index 38d25f9649..99f2bedffa 100644
--- a/holoviews/core/data/xarray.py
+++ b/holoviews/core/data/xarray.py
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 import types
 
 import numpy as np
-import pandas as pd
 
 from .. import util
 from ..dimension import Dimension, asdim, dimension_name
@@ -654,6 +653,8 @@ def dframe(cls, dataset, dimensions):
 
     @classmethod
     def sample(cls, dataset, samples=None):
+        import pandas as pd
+
         if samples is None:
             samples = []
         names = [kd.name for kd in dataset.kdims]
diff --git a/holoviews/element/graphs.py b/holoviews/element/graphs.py
index b25f9c48f9..88e8dc37d7 100644
--- a/holoviews/element/graphs.py
+++ b/holoviews/element/graphs.py
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 from types import FunctionType
 
 import numpy as np
-import pandas as pd
 import param
 
 from ..core import Dataset, Dimension, Element2D
@@ -69,6 +68,7 @@ def _process(self, element, key=None):
             target = element.dimension_values(1, expanded=False)
             nodes = np.unique(np.concatenate([source, target]))
             if self.p.layout:
+                import pandas as pd
                 df = pd.DataFrame({'index': nodes})
                 nodes = self.p.layout(df, element.dframe(), **self.p.kwargs)
                 nodes = nodes[['x', 'y', 'index']]
@@ -165,6 +165,8 @@ def redim(self):
         return RedimGraph(self, mode='dataset')
 
     def _add_node_info(self, node_info):
+        import pandas as pd
+
         nodes = self.nodes.clone(datatype=['pandas', 'dictionary'])
         if isinstance(node_info, self.node_type):
             nodes = nodes.redim(**dict(zip(nodes.dimensions('key', label=True),
diff --git a/holoviews/element/selection.py b/holoviews/element/selection.py
index 349c3ee667..962084e8e4 100644
--- a/holoviews/element/selection.py
+++ b/holoviews/element/selection.py
@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@
 from importlib.util import find_spec
 
 import numpy as np
-import pandas as pd
 
 from ..core import Dataset, NdOverlay, util
 from ..streams import Lasso, Selection1D, SelectionXY
@@ -115,6 +114,7 @@ def _cuspatial_new(xvals, yvals, geometry):
 
 
 def spatial_select_columnar(xvals, yvals, geometry, geom_method=None):
+    import pandas as pd
     if 'cudf' in sys.modules:
         import cudf
         import cupy as cp
diff --git a/holoviews/operation/timeseries.py b/holoviews/operation/timeseries.py
index f0cb099c9a..3897dad5c8 100644
--- a/holoviews/operation/timeseries.py
+++ b/holoviews/operation/timeseries.py
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 import numpy as np
-import pandas as pd
 import param
 
 from ..core import Element, Operation
@@ -110,6 +109,7 @@ class rolling_outlier_std(Operation, RollingBase):
         Minimum sigma before a value is considered an outlier.""")
 
     def _process_layer(self, element, key=None):
+        import pandas as pd
         ys = element.dimension_values(1)
 
         # Calculate the variation in the distribution of the residual
diff --git a/holoviews/plotting/bokeh/annotation.py b/holoviews/plotting/bokeh/annotation.py
index bf32bb70ed..2e92485ea0 100644
--- a/holoviews/plotting/bokeh/annotation.py
+++ b/holoviews/plotting/bokeh/annotation.py
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 from html import escape
 
 import numpy as np
-import pandas as pd
 import param
 from bokeh.models import Arrow, BoxAnnotation, NormalHead, Slope, Span, TeeHead
 from bokeh.transform import dodge
@@ -73,6 +72,8 @@ def initialize_plot(self, ranges=None, plot=None, plots=None, source=None):
         return figure
 
     def get_extents(self, element, ranges=None, range_type='combined', **kwargs):
+        import pandas as pd
+
         extents = super().get_extents(element, ranges, range_type)
         if isinstance(element, HLines):
             extents = np.nan, extents[0], np.nan, extents[2]
diff --git a/holoviews/plotting/bokeh/util.py b/holoviews/plotting/bokeh/util.py
index 685a6e3bcd..5ed47eaa23 100644
--- a/holoviews/plotting/bokeh/util.py
+++ b/holoviews/plotting/bokeh/util.py
@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@
 
 import bokeh
 import numpy as np
-import pandas as pd
 from bokeh.core.json_encoder import serialize_json  # noqa (API import)
 from bokeh.core.property.datetime import Datetime
 from bokeh.core.validation import silence
@@ -980,6 +979,7 @@ def date_to_integer(date):
     Returns:
         Milliseconds since 1970-01-01 00:00:00
     """
+    import pandas as pd
     if isinstance(date, pd.Timestamp):
         try:
             date = date.to_datetime64()
diff --git a/holoviews/streams.py b/holoviews/streams.py
index 158bf91401..3a258aa11f 100644
--- a/holoviews/streams.py
+++ b/holoviews/streams.py
@@ -13,7 +13,6 @@
 from types import FunctionType
 
 import numpy as np
-import pandas as pd
 import param
 
 from .core import util
@@ -542,6 +541,7 @@ class Buffer(Pipe):
         Arbitrary data being streamed to a DynamicMap callback.""")
 
     def __init__(self, data, length=1000, index=True, following=True, **params):
+        import pandas as pd
         if isinstance(data, pd.DataFrame):
             example = data
         elif isinstance(data, np.ndarray):
@@ -587,6 +587,7 @@ def __init__(self, data, length=1000, index=True, following=True, **params):
 
     def verify(self, x):
         """ Verify consistency of dataframes that pass through this stream """
+        import pandas as pd
         if type(x) != type(self.data):  # noqa: E721
             raise TypeError(f"Input expected to be of type {type(self.data).__name__}, got {type(x).__name__}.")
         elif isinstance(x, np.ndarray):
@@ -606,6 +607,7 @@ def verify(self, x):
 
 
     def clear(self):
+        import pandas as pd
         "Clears the data in the stream"
         if isinstance(self.data, np.ndarray):
             data = self.data[:, :0]
@@ -623,6 +625,7 @@ def _concat(self, data):
         Concatenate and slice the accepted data types to the defined
         length.
         """
+        import pandas as pd
         if isinstance(data, np.ndarray):
             data_length = len(data)
             if not self.length:
diff --git a/holoviews/util/transform.py b/holoviews/util/transform.py
index 8c95d3d4ae..8915d57315 100644
--- a/holoviews/util/transform.py
+++ b/holoviews/util/transform.py
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 from types import BuiltinFunctionType, BuiltinMethodType, FunctionType, MethodType
 
 import numpy as np
-import pandas as pd
 import param
 
 from ..core.data import PandasInterface
@@ -82,6 +81,7 @@ def __getitem__(self, index):
         return dim(self.expr, self)
 
     def __call__(self, values):
+        import pandas as pd
         if isinstance(values, (pd.Series, pd.DataFrame)):
             return values.iloc[resolve_dependent_value(self.index)]
         else:
@@ -867,6 +867,7 @@ class df_dim(dim):
     _accessor = 'pd'
 
     def __init__(self, obj, *args, **kwargs):
+        import pandas as pd
         super().__init__(obj, *args, **kwargs)
         self._ns = pd.Series
 

From 344a8bab1018d76d0a7e4311c57005bed1e96d86 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Simon=20H=C3=B8xbro=20Hansen?= <simon.hansen@me.com>
Date: Fri, 13 Dec 2024 15:17:37 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 2/9] moving day

---
 holoviews/core/data/ibis.py                  |  2 +-
 holoviews/core/{util.py => util/__init__.py} | 67 ++++----------------
 holoviews/core/util/types.py                 | 27 ++++++++
 holoviews/core/util/versions.py              | 27 ++++++++
 4 files changed, 66 insertions(+), 57 deletions(-)
 rename holoviews/core/{util.py => util/__init__.py} (97%)
 create mode 100644 holoviews/core/util/types.py
 create mode 100644 holoviews/core/util/versions.py

diff --git a/holoviews/core/data/ibis.py b/holoviews/core/data/ibis.py
index 06011025b0..2b48ac7d1e 100644
--- a/holoviews/core/data/ibis.py
+++ b/holoviews/core/data/ibis.py
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 from .interface import DataError, Interface
 from .util import cached
 
-IBIS_VERSION = util._no_import_version("ibis-framework")
+IBIS_VERSION = util.versions._no_import_version("ibis-framework")
 IBIS_GE_4_0_0 = IBIS_VERSION >= (4, 0, 0)
 IBIS_GE_5_0_0 = IBIS_VERSION >= (5, 0, 0)
 IBIS_GE_9_5_0 = IBIS_VERSION >= (9, 5, 0)
diff --git a/holoviews/core/util.py b/holoviews/core/util/__init__.py
similarity index 97%
rename from holoviews/core/util.py
rename to holoviews/core/util/__init__.py
index 05daabb7aa..72e0b833ee 100644
--- a/holoviews/core/util.py
+++ b/holoviews/core/util/__init__.py
@@ -18,17 +18,14 @@
 from collections import defaultdict, namedtuple
 from contextlib import contextmanager
 from functools import partial
-from importlib.metadata import PackageNotFoundError, version
 from threading import Event, Thread
 from types import FunctionType
 
 import numpy as np
 import pandas as pd
 import param
-from packaging.version import Version
-from pandas.core.arrays.masked import BaseMaskedArray
-from pandas.core.dtypes.dtypes import DatetimeTZDtype
-from pandas.core.dtypes.generic import ABCExtensionArray, ABCIndex, ABCSeries
+
+from . import versions  # noqa: F401
 
 # Python 2 builtins
 basestring = str
@@ -38,41 +35,16 @@
 
 get_keywords = operator.attrgetter('varkw')
 
-# Versions
-NUMPY_VERSION = Version(np.__version__).release
-PARAM_VERSION = Version(param.__version__).release
-PANDAS_VERSION = Version(pd.__version__).release
-
-NUMPY_GE_2_0_0 = NUMPY_VERSION >= (2, 0, 0)
-PANDAS_GE_2_1_0 = PANDAS_VERSION >= (2, 1, 0)
-PANDAS_GE_2_2_0 = PANDAS_VERSION >= (2, 2, 0)
-
-# Types
-generator_types = (zip, range, types.GeneratorType)
-pandas_datetime_types = (pd.Timestamp, DatetimeTZDtype, pd.Period)
-pandas_timedelta_types = (pd.Timedelta,)
-datetime_types = (np.datetime64, dt.datetime, dt.date, dt.time, *pandas_datetime_types)
-timedelta_types = (np.timedelta64, dt.timedelta, *pandas_timedelta_types)
-arraylike_types = (np.ndarray, ABCSeries, ABCIndex, ABCExtensionArray)
-masked_types = (BaseMaskedArray,)
-
-try:
-    import cftime
-    cftime_types = (cftime.datetime,)
-    datetime_types += cftime_types
-except ImportError:
-    cftime_types = ()
-_STANDARD_CALENDARS = {'standard', 'gregorian', 'proleptic_gregorian'}
-
 anonymous_dimension_label = '_'
 
 # Argspec was removed in Python 3.11
 ArgSpec = namedtuple('ArgSpec', 'args varargs keywords defaults')
 
-_NP_SIZE_LARGE = 1_000_000
-_NP_SAMPLE_SIZE = 1_000_000
-_PANDAS_ROWS_LARGE = 1_000_000
-_PANDAS_SAMPLE_SIZE = 1_000_000
+_STANDARD_CALENDARS = {'standard', 'gregorian', 'proleptic_gregorian'}
+_ARRAY_SIZE_LARGE = 1_000_000
+_ARRAY_SAMPLE_SIZE = 1_000_000
+_DATAFRAME_ROWS_LARGE = 1_000_000
+_DATAFRAME_SAMPLE_SIZE = 1_000_000
 
 # To avoid pandas warning about using DataFrameGroupBy.function
 # introduced in Pandas 2.1.
@@ -107,23 +79,6 @@
     np.nancumsum: "cumsum",
 }
 
-
-class VersionError(Exception):
-    "Raised when there is a library version mismatch."
-    def __init__(self, msg, version=None, min_version=None, **kwargs):
-        self.version = version
-        self.min_version = min_version
-        super().__init__(msg, **kwargs)
-
-
-def _no_import_version(name) -> tuple[int, int, int]:
-    """ Get version number without importing the library """
-    try:
-        return Version(version(name)).release
-    except PackageNotFoundError:
-        return (0, 0, 0)
-
-
 class Config(param.ParameterizedFunction):
     """
     Set of boolean configuration values to change HoloViews' global
@@ -207,14 +162,14 @@ def default(self, obj):
             h = hashlib.new("md5")
             for s in obj.shape:
                 h.update(_int_to_bytes(s))
-            if obj.size >= _NP_SIZE_LARGE:
+            if obj.size >= _ARRAY_SIZE_LARGE:
                 state = np.random.RandomState(0)
-                obj = state.choice(obj.flat, size=_NP_SAMPLE_SIZE)
+                obj = state.choice(obj.flat, size=_ARRAY_SAMPLE_SIZE)
             h.update(obj.tobytes())
             return h.hexdigest()
         if isinstance(obj, (pd.Series, pd.DataFrame)):
-            if len(obj) > _PANDAS_ROWS_LARGE:
-                obj = obj.sample(n=_PANDAS_SAMPLE_SIZE, random_state=0)
+            if len(obj) > _DATAFRAME_ROWS_LARGE:
+                obj = obj.sample(n=_DATAFRAME_SAMPLE_SIZE, random_state=0)
             try:
                 pd_values = list(pd.util.hash_pandas_object(obj, index=True).values)
             except TypeError:
diff --git a/holoviews/core/util/types.py b/holoviews/core/util/types.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..59339978ce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/holoviews/core/util/types.py
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+import types
+from datetime import datetime as dt
+
+
+import numpy as np
+import pandas as pd
+from pandas.core.arrays.masked import BaseMaskedArray
+from pandas.core.dtypes.dtypes import DatetimeTZDtype
+from pandas.core.dtypes.generic import ABCExtensionArray, ABCIndex, ABCSeries
+
+
+# Types
+generator_types = (zip, range, types.GeneratorType)
+pandas_datetime_types = (pd.Timestamp, DatetimeTZDtype, pd.Period)
+pandas_timedelta_types = (pd.Timedelta,)
+datetime_types = (np.datetime64, dt.datetime, dt.date, dt.time, *pandas_datetime_types)
+timedelta_types = (np.timedelta64, dt.timedelta, *pandas_timedelta_types)
+arraylike_types = (np.ndarray, ABCSeries, ABCIndex, ABCExtensionArray)
+masked_types = (BaseMaskedArray,)
+
+try:
+    import cftime
+    cftime_types = (cftime.datetime,)
+    datetime_types += cftime_types
+except ImportError:
+    cftime_types = ()
+_STANDARD_CALENDARS = {'standard', 'gregorian', 'proleptic_gregorian'}
diff --git a/holoviews/core/util/versions.py b/holoviews/core/util/versions.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..b866ce5940
--- /dev/null
+++ b/holoviews/core/util/versions.py
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+from importlib.metadata import PackageNotFoundError, version
+
+from packaging.version import Version
+
+# class VersionError(Exception):
+#     "Raised when there is a library version mismatch."
+#     def __init__(self, msg, version=None, min_version=None, **kwargs):
+#         self.version = version
+#         self.min_version = min_version
+#         super().__init__(msg, **kwargs)
+
+
+def _no_import_version(name) -> tuple[int, int, int]:
+    """ Get version number without importing the library """
+    try:
+        return Version(version(name)).release
+    except PackageNotFoundError:
+        return (0, 0, 0)
+
+# Versions
+NUMPY_VERSION = _no_import_version("numpy")
+PARAM_VERSION = _no_import_version("param")
+PANDAS_VERSION = _no_import_version("pandas")
+
+NUMPY_GE_2_0_0 = NUMPY_VERSION >= (2, 0, 0)
+PANDAS_GE_2_1_0 = PANDAS_VERSION >= (2, 1, 0)
+PANDAS_GE_2_2_0 = PANDAS_VERSION >= (2, 2, 0)

From 62053931b4fc7971399cf44c321fa2d53972fec0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Simon=20H=C3=B8xbro=20Hansen?= <simon.hansen@me.com>
Date: Fri, 13 Dec 2024 16:17:40 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 3/9] Update to gen_types

---
 holoviews/core/util/__init__.py |  20 +++++-
 holoviews/core/util/types.py    | 117 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++------
 holoviews/core/util/versions.py |  15 ++--
 3 files changed, 125 insertions(+), 27 deletions(-)

diff --git a/holoviews/core/util/__init__.py b/holoviews/core/util/__init__.py
index 72e0b833ee..99e02301a5 100644
--- a/holoviews/core/util/__init__.py
+++ b/holoviews/core/util/__init__.py
@@ -25,7 +25,25 @@
 import pandas as pd
 import param
 
-from . import versions  # noqa: F401
+from .types import (
+    arraylike_types,
+    cftime_types,
+    datetime_types,
+    generator_types,  # noqa: F401
+    masked_types,
+    pandas_datetime_types,
+    pandas_timedelta_types,
+    timedelta_types,
+)
+from .versions import (  # noqa: F401
+    NUMPY_GE_2_0_0,
+    NUMPY_VERSION,
+    PANDAS_GE_2_1_0,
+    PANDAS_GE_2_2_0,
+    PANDAS_VERSION,
+    PARAM_VERSION,
+    VersionError,
+)
 
 # Python 2 builtins
 basestring = str
diff --git a/holoviews/core/util/types.py b/holoviews/core/util/types.py
index 59339978ce..7c58277acc 100644
--- a/holoviews/core/util/types.py
+++ b/holoviews/core/util/types.py
@@ -1,27 +1,104 @@
+import datetime as dt
+import inspect
+import sys
 import types
-from datetime import datetime as dt
 
 
-import numpy as np
-import pandas as pd
-from pandas.core.arrays.masked import BaseMaskedArray
-from pandas.core.dtypes.dtypes import DatetimeTZDtype
-from pandas.core.dtypes.generic import ABCExtensionArray, ABCIndex, ABCSeries
+# gen_types is copied from param, can be removed when
+# we support 2.2 or greater
+class _GeneratorIsMeta(type):
+    def __instancecheck__(cls, inst):
+        return isinstance(inst, tuple(cls.types()))
+
+    def __subclasscheck__(cls, sub):
+        return issubclass(sub, tuple(cls.types()))
+
+    def __iter__(cls):
+        yield from cls.types()
+
+
+class _GeneratorIs(metaclass=_GeneratorIsMeta):
+    @classmethod
+    def __iter__(cls):
+        yield from cls.types()
+
+
+def gen_types(gen_func):
+    """
+    Decorator which takes a generator function which yields difference types
+    make it so it can be called with isinstance and issubclass."""
+    if not inspect.isgeneratorfunction(gen_func):
+        msg = "gen_types decorator can only be applied to generator"
+        raise TypeError(msg)
+    return type(gen_func.__name__, (_GeneratorIs,), {"types": staticmethod(gen_func)})
 
 
 # Types
 generator_types = (zip, range, types.GeneratorType)
-pandas_datetime_types = (pd.Timestamp, DatetimeTZDtype, pd.Period)
-pandas_timedelta_types = (pd.Timedelta,)
-datetime_types = (np.datetime64, dt.datetime, dt.date, dt.time, *pandas_datetime_types)
-timedelta_types = (np.timedelta64, dt.timedelta, *pandas_timedelta_types)
-arraylike_types = (np.ndarray, ABCSeries, ABCIndex, ABCExtensionArray)
-masked_types = (BaseMaskedArray,)
-
-try:
-    import cftime
-    cftime_types = (cftime.datetime,)
-    datetime_types += cftime_types
-except ImportError:
-    cftime_types = ()
-_STANDARD_CALENDARS = {'standard', 'gregorian', 'proleptic_gregorian'}
+
+
+@gen_types
+def pandas_datetime_types():
+    if pd := sys.modules.get("pandas"):
+        from pandas.core.dtypes.dtypes import DatetimeTZDtype
+
+        yield from (pd.Timestamp, pd.Period, DatetimeTZDtype)
+
+
+@gen_types
+def pandas_timedelta_types():
+    if pd := sys.modules.get("pandas"):
+        yield pd.Timedelta
+
+
+@gen_types
+def cftime_types():
+    if cftime := sys.modules.get("cftime"):
+        yield cftime.datetime
+
+
+@gen_types
+def datetime_types():
+    yield from (dt.datetime, dt.date, dt.time)
+    if np := sys.modules.get("numpy"):
+        yield np.datetime64
+    yield from pandas_datetime_types()
+    yield from cftime_types()
+
+
+@gen_types
+def timedelta_types():
+    yield dt.timedelta
+    if np := sys.modules.get("numpy"):
+        yield np.timedelta64
+    yield from pandas_timedelta_types()
+
+
+@gen_types
+def arraylike_types():
+    if np := sys.modules.get("numpy"):
+        yield np.ndarray
+    if "pandas" in sys.modules:
+        from pandas.core.dtypes.generic import ABCExtensionArray, ABCIndex, ABCSeries
+
+        yield from (ABCIndex, ABCSeries, ABCExtensionArray)
+
+
+@gen_types
+def masked_types():
+    if "pandas" in sys.modules:
+        from pandas.core.arrays.masked import BaseMaskedArray
+
+        yield BaseMaskedArray
+
+
+__all__ = [
+    "arraylike_types",
+    "cftime_types",
+    "datetime_types",
+    "generator_types",
+    "masked_types",
+    "pandas_datetime_types",
+    "pandas_timedelta_types",
+    "timedelta_types",
+]
diff --git a/holoviews/core/util/versions.py b/holoviews/core/util/versions.py
index b866ce5940..b2fc3d47ae 100644
--- a/holoviews/core/util/versions.py
+++ b/holoviews/core/util/versions.py
@@ -2,12 +2,13 @@
 
 from packaging.version import Version
 
-# class VersionError(Exception):
-#     "Raised when there is a library version mismatch."
-#     def __init__(self, msg, version=None, min_version=None, **kwargs):
-#         self.version = version
-#         self.min_version = min_version
-#         super().__init__(msg, **kwargs)
+
+class VersionError(Exception):
+    "Raised when there is a library version mismatch."
+    def __init__(self, msg, version=None, min_version=None, **kwargs):
+        self.version = version
+        self.min_version = min_version
+        super().__init__(msg, **kwargs)
 
 
 def _no_import_version(name) -> tuple[int, int, int]:
@@ -25,3 +26,5 @@ def _no_import_version(name) -> tuple[int, int, int]:
 NUMPY_GE_2_0_0 = NUMPY_VERSION >= (2, 0, 0)
 PANDAS_GE_2_1_0 = PANDAS_VERSION >= (2, 1, 0)
 PANDAS_GE_2_2_0 = PANDAS_VERSION >= (2, 2, 0)
+
+__all__ = ["NUMPY_GE_2_0_0", "NUMPY_VERSION", "PANDAS_GE_2_1_0", "PANDAS_GE_2_2_0", "PANDAS_VERSION", "PARAM_VERSION"]

From 6c599fb26c05374bb9ca55d0bca799c111aa19b0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Simon=20H=C3=B8xbro=20Hansen?= <simon.hansen@me.com>
Date: Fri, 13 Dec 2024 16:21:56 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 4/9] Update relative imports

---
 holoviews/core/util/__init__.py | 6 +++---
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/holoviews/core/util/__init__.py b/holoviews/core/util/__init__.py
index 99e02301a5..ac9b7536dd 100644
--- a/holoviews/core/util/__init__.py
+++ b/holoviews/core/util/__init__.py
@@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ def deprecated_opts_signature(args, kwargs):
     Returns whether opts.apply_groups should be used (as a bool) and the
     corresponding options.
     """
-    from .options import Options
+    from ..options import Options
     groups = set(Options._option_groups)
     opts = {kw for kw in kwargs if kw != 'clone'}
     apply_groups = False
@@ -1675,7 +1675,7 @@ def stream_name_mapping(stream, exclude_params=None, reverse=False):
     """
     if exclude_params is None:
         exclude_params = ['name']
-    from ..streams import Params
+    from ...streams import Params
     if isinstance(stream, Params):
         mapping = {}
         for p in stream.parameters:
@@ -1721,7 +1721,7 @@ def stream_parameters(streams, no_duplicates=True, exclude=None):
     """
     if exclude is None:
         exclude = ['name', '_memoize_key']
-    from ..streams import Params
+    from ...streams import Params
     param_groups = {}
     for s in streams:
         if not s.contents and isinstance(s.hashkey, dict):

From 9eda759dcf2ab222f67663c96a193f6415ceb3c1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Simon=20H=C3=B8xbro=20Hansen?= <simon.hansen@me.com>
Date: Fri, 13 Dec 2024 16:22:09 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 5/9] Update isinstance

---
 holoviews/core/util/__init__.py | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/holoviews/core/util/__init__.py b/holoviews/core/util/__init__.py
index ac9b7536dd..e257153328 100644
--- a/holoviews/core/util/__init__.py
+++ b/holoviews/core/util/__init__.py
@@ -854,7 +854,7 @@ def isnat(val):
         return np.isnat(val)
     elif val is pd.NaT:
         return True
-    elif isinstance(val, pandas_datetime_types+pandas_timedelta_types):
+    elif isinstance(val, (pandas_datetime_types, pandas_timedelta_types)):
         return pd.isna(val)
     else:
         return False
@@ -888,7 +888,7 @@ def isfinite(val):
         finite = np.isfinite(val)
         finite &= ~pd.isna(val)
         return finite
-    elif isinstance(val, datetime_types+timedelta_types):
+    elif isinstance(val, (datetime_types, timedelta_types)):
         return not isnat(val)
     elif isinstance(val, (str, bytes)):
         return True

From f12f3dc8e622ca1b417e105f2624d96593358ec3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Simon=20H=C3=B8xbro=20Hansen?= <simon.hansen@me.com>
Date: Fri, 13 Dec 2024 16:50:30 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 6/9] Update other imports

---
 holoviews/core/data/dask.py          |  2 +-
 holoviews/core/data/pandas.py        | 20 +++++++++++++++++---
 holoviews/core/element.py            |  3 ++-
 holoviews/core/ndmapping.py          |  3 ++-
 holoviews/core/util/__init__.py      | 13 ++++++++++++-
 holoviews/element/util.py            |  5 ++++-
 holoviews/plotting/mpl/annotation.py |  2 +-
 7 files changed, 39 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-)

diff --git a/holoviews/core/data/dask.py b/holoviews/core/data/dask.py
index 2b021f5a54..42556f5c66 100644
--- a/holoviews/core/data/dask.py
+++ b/holoviews/core/data/dask.py
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 import sys
 
 import numpy as np
-import pandas as pd
 
 from .. import util
 from ..dimension import Dimension
@@ -252,6 +251,7 @@ def aggregate(cls, dataset, dimensions, function, **kwargs):
                 agg = getattr(reindexed, inbuilts[function.__name__])()
             else:
                 raise NotImplementedError
+            import pandas as pd
             df = pd.DataFrame(agg.compute()).T
 
         dropped = []
diff --git a/holoviews/core/data/pandas.py b/holoviews/core/data/pandas.py
index dd7bad5e85..b2f72f16a3 100644
--- a/holoviews/core/data/pandas.py
+++ b/holoviews/core/data/pandas.py
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
+import sys
+
 import numpy as np
-import pandas as pd
-from pandas.api.types import is_numeric_dtype
 
 from .. import util
 from ..dimension import Dimension, dimension_name
@@ -23,13 +23,26 @@ class PandasAPI:
             ...
     """
 
+pd = None  # Set when PandasInterface.applies is successful
 
 class PandasInterface(Interface, PandasAPI):
 
-    types = (pd.DataFrame,)
+    types = ()
 
     datatype = 'dataframe'
 
+    @classmethod
+    def loaded(cls):
+        return 'pandas' in sys.modules
+
+    @classmethod
+    def applies(cls, obj):
+        if not cls.loaded():
+            return False
+        global pd  # noqa: PLW0603
+        import pandas as pd
+        return isinstance(obj, (pd.DataFrame, pd.Series))
+
     @classmethod
     def dimension_type(cls, dataset, dim):
         return cls.dtype(dataset, dim).type
@@ -289,6 +302,7 @@ def aggregate(cls, dataset, dimensions, function, **kwargs):
                     c for c in reindexed.columns if c not in cols
                 ]
             else:
+                from pandas.api.types import is_numeric_dtype
                 numeric_cols = [
                     c for c, d in zip(reindexed.columns, reindexed.dtypes)
                     if is_numeric_dtype(d) and c not in cols
diff --git a/holoviews/core/element.py b/holoviews/core/element.py
index b89176a7b1..492e37e641 100644
--- a/holoviews/core/element.py
+++ b/holoviews/core/element.py
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 from itertools import groupby
 
 import numpy as np
-import pandas as pd
 import param
 
 from .dimension import Dimensioned, ViewableElement, asdim
@@ -210,6 +209,8 @@ def dframe(self, dimensions=None, multi_index=False):
         Returns:
             DataFrame of columns corresponding to each dimension
         """
+        import pandas as pd
+
         if dimensions is None:
             dimensions = [d.name for d in self.dimensions()]
         else:
diff --git a/holoviews/core/ndmapping.py b/holoviews/core/ndmapping.py
index 78fb1b3aaa..7051f1768b 100644
--- a/holoviews/core/ndmapping.py
+++ b/holoviews/core/ndmapping.py
@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@
 from operator import itemgetter
 
 import numpy as np
-import pandas as pd
 import param
 
 from . import util
@@ -891,6 +890,8 @@ def dframe(self, dimensions=None, multi_index=False):
         Returns:
             DataFrame of columns corresponding to each dimension
         """
+        import pandas as pd
+
         if dimensions is None:
             outer_dimensions = self.kdims
             inner_dimensions = None
diff --git a/holoviews/core/util/__init__.py b/holoviews/core/util/__init__.py
index e257153328..5866a7f0a0 100644
--- a/holoviews/core/util/__init__.py
+++ b/holoviews/core/util/__init__.py
@@ -22,7 +22,6 @@
 from types import FunctionType
 
 import numpy as np
-import pandas as pd
 import param
 
 from .types import (
@@ -185,6 +184,7 @@ def default(self, obj):
                 obj = state.choice(obj.flat, size=_ARRAY_SAMPLE_SIZE)
             h.update(obj.tobytes())
             return h.hexdigest()
+        import pandas as pd
         if isinstance(obj, (pd.Series, pd.DataFrame)):
             if len(obj) > _DATAFRAME_ROWS_LARGE:
                 obj = obj.sample(n=_DATAFRAME_SAMPLE_SIZE, random_state=0)
@@ -849,6 +849,7 @@ def isnat(val):
     """
     Checks if the value is a NaT. Should only be called on datetimelike objects.
     """
+    import pandas as pd
     if (isinstance(val, (np.datetime64, np.timedelta64)) or
         (isinstance(val, np.ndarray) and val.dtype.kind == 'M')):
         return np.isnat(val)
@@ -865,6 +866,7 @@ def isfinite(val):
     Helper function to determine if scalar or array value is finite extending
     np.isfinite with support for None, string, datetime types.
     """
+    import pandas as pd
     is_dask = is_dask_array(val)
     if not np.isscalar(val) and not is_dask:
         if isinstance(val, np.ma.core.MaskedArray):
@@ -963,6 +965,7 @@ def max_range(ranges, combined=True):
     Returns:
        The maximum range as a single tuple
     """
+    import pandas as pd
     try:
         with warnings.catch_warnings():
             warnings.filterwarnings('ignore', r'All-NaN (slice|axis) encountered')
@@ -1166,6 +1169,7 @@ def unique_array(arr):
     if not len(arr):
         return np.asarray(arr)
 
+    import pandas as pd
     if isinstance(arr, np.ndarray) and arr.dtype.kind not in 'MO':
         # Avoid expensive unpacking if not potentially datetime
         return pd.unique(arr)
@@ -1486,6 +1490,7 @@ def is_dataframe(data):
     """
     Checks whether the supplied data is of DataFrame type.
     """
+    import pandas as pd
     dd = None
     if 'dask.dataframe' in sys.modules and 'pandas' in sys.modules:
         import dask.dataframe as dd
@@ -1497,6 +1502,7 @@ def is_series(data):
     """
     Checks whether the supplied data is of Series type.
     """
+    import pandas as pd
     dd = None
     if 'dask.dataframe' in sys.modules:
         import dask.dataframe as dd
@@ -1884,6 +1890,7 @@ def __call__(self, ndmapping, dimensions, container_type,
     @param.parameterized.bothmethod
     def groupby_pandas(self_or_cls, ndmapping, dimensions, container_type,
                        group_type, sort=False, **kwargs):
+        import pandas as pd
         if 'kdims' in kwargs:
             idims = [ndmapping.get_dimension(d) for d in kwargs['kdims']]
         else:
@@ -2018,6 +2025,7 @@ def is_nan(x):
     try:
         # Using pd.isna instead of np.isnan as np.isnan(pd.NA) returns pd.NA!
         # Call bool() to raise an error if x is pd.NA, an array, etc.
+        import pandas as pd
         return bool(pd.isna(x))
     except Exception:
         return False
@@ -2084,6 +2092,7 @@ def date_range(start, end, length, time_unit='us'):
     Computes a date range given a start date, end date and the number
     of samples.
     """
+    import pandas as pd
     step = (1./compute_density(start, end, length, time_unit))
     if isinstance(start, pd.Timestamp):
         start = start.to_datetime64()
@@ -2095,6 +2104,7 @@ def parse_datetime(date):
     """
     Parses dates specified as string or integer or pandas Timestamp
     """
+    import pandas as pd
     return pd.to_datetime(date).to_datetime64()
 
 
@@ -2118,6 +2128,7 @@ def dt_to_int(value, time_unit='us'):
     """
     Converts a datetime type to an integer with the supplied time unit.
     """
+    import pandas as pd
     if isinstance(value, pd.Period):
         value = value.to_timestamp()
     if isinstance(value, pd.Timestamp):
diff --git a/holoviews/element/util.py b/holoviews/element/util.py
index 166aeb5f3f..f84dfa7c1e 100644
--- a/holoviews/element/util.py
+++ b/holoviews/element/util.py
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 import itertools
 
 import numpy as np
-import pandas as pd
 import param
 
 from ..core import Dataset
@@ -95,6 +94,7 @@ def reduce_fn(x):
     """
     Aggregation function to get the first non-zero value.
     """
+    import pandas as pd
     values = x.values if isinstance(x, pd.Series) else x
     for v in values:
         if not is_nan(v):
@@ -200,6 +200,7 @@ def _aggregate_dataset(self, obj):
                          datatype=self.p.datatype)
 
     def _aggregate_dataset_pandas(self, obj):
+        import pandas as pd
         index_cols = [d.name for d in obj.kdims]
         groupby_kwargs = {"sort": False}
         if PANDAS_GE_2_1_0:
@@ -270,6 +271,7 @@ def connect_edges_pd(graph):
     operation depends on pandas and is a lot faster than the pure
     NumPy equivalent.
     """
+    import pandas as pd
     edges = graph.dframe()
     edges.index.name = 'graph_edge_index'
     edges = edges.reset_index()
@@ -296,6 +298,7 @@ def connect_tri_edges_pd(trimesh):
     operation depends on pandas and is a lot faster than the pure
     NumPy equivalent.
     """
+    import pandas as pd
     edges = trimesh.dframe().copy()
     edges.index.name = 'trimesh_edge_index'
     edges = edges.drop("color", errors="ignore", axis=1).reset_index()
diff --git a/holoviews/plotting/mpl/annotation.py b/holoviews/plotting/mpl/annotation.py
index 75783c4ac0..302e8a30c6 100644
--- a/holoviews/plotting/mpl/annotation.py
+++ b/holoviews/plotting/mpl/annotation.py
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 import matplotlib as mpl
 import numpy as np
-import pandas as pd
 import param
 from matplotlib import patches
 from matplotlib.lines import Line2D
@@ -306,6 +305,7 @@ def draw_annotation(self, axis, positions, opts):
         return [fn(*val, **opts) for val in values]
 
     def get_extents(self, element, ranges=None, range_type='combined', **kwargs):
+        import pandas as pd
         extents = super().get_extents(element, ranges, range_type)
         if isinstance(element, HLines):
             extents = np.nan, extents[0], np.nan, extents[2]

From 803c1dbefe8c8d14db8b679adc57d199a1bf438c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Simon=20H=C3=B8xbro=20Hansen?= <simon.hansen@me.com>
Date: Fri, 13 Dec 2024 16:56:49 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 7/9] Update comparison

---
 holoviews/element/comparison.py | 5 +++--
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/holoviews/element/comparison.py b/holoviews/element/comparison.py
index 2d753c6d88..90600311fd 100644
--- a/holoviews/element/comparison.py
+++ b/holoviews/element/comparison.py
@@ -18,12 +18,12 @@
 considered different.
 """
 import contextlib
+import sys
 from functools import partial
 from unittest import TestCase
 from unittest.util import safe_repr
 
 import numpy as np
-import pandas as pd
 from numpy.testing import assert_array_almost_equal, assert_array_equal
 
 from ..core import (
@@ -131,7 +131,8 @@ def register(cls):
         cls.equality_type_funcs[np.ma.masked_array]  = cls.compare_arrays
 
         # Pandas dataframe comparison
-        cls.equality_type_funcs[pd.DataFrame] = cls.compare_dataframe
+        if pd := sys.modules.get("pandas"):
+            cls.equality_type_funcs[pd.DataFrame] = cls.compare_dataframe
 
         # Dimension objects
         cls.equality_type_funcs[Dimension] =    cls.compare_dimensions

From d8bb2644dca13924f8eff5e69dd78eace45ecbae Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Simon=20H=C3=B8xbro=20Hansen?= <simon.hansen@me.com>
Date: Fri, 13 Dec 2024 17:16:17 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 8/9] write todo for dimension type formatter

---
 holoviews/core/__init__.py | 4 +---
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/holoviews/core/__init__.py b/holoviews/core/__init__.py
index f24658a029..f24db36cc3 100644
--- a/holoviews/core/__init__.py
+++ b/holoviews/core/__init__.py
@@ -1,7 +1,5 @@
 from datetime import date, datetime
 
-import pandas as pd
-
 from .boundingregion import *
 from .data import *
 from .dimension import *
@@ -31,7 +29,7 @@
 Dimension.type_formatters[np.datetime64] = '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'
 Dimension.type_formatters[datetime] = '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'
 Dimension.type_formatters[date] = '%Y-%m-%d'
-Dimension.type_formatters[pd.Timestamp] = "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"
+# Dimension.type_formatters['pandas.Timestamp'] = "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"  # TODO: Implement this
 
 
 def public(obj):

From dc063df87acf87c2fd33e4f4d71b29888562ae35 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: =?UTF-8?q?Simon=20H=C3=B8xbro=20Hansen?= <simon.hansen@me.com>
Date: Fri, 13 Dec 2024 17:16:47 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 9/9] add pandas to blocklist import

---
 holoviews/tests/util/test_init.py | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/holoviews/tests/util/test_init.py b/holoviews/tests/util/test_init.py
index dc5b80fc21..d16564c706 100644
--- a/holoviews/tests/util/test_init.py
+++ b/holoviews/tests/util/test_init.py
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ def test_no_blocklist_imports():
     import sys
     import holoviews as hv
 
-    blocklist = {"panel", "IPython", "datashader", "ibis"}
+    blocklist = {"panel", "IPython", "datashader", "ibis", "pandas"}
     mods = blocklist & set(sys.modules)
 
     if mods: