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+[{"name":"Adam-and-Eve","commonNames":["Arum","Lord-and-Ladies","Wake Robin","Starch Root","Bobbins","Cuckoo Plant"],"scientificName":"Arum maculatum","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/adam-and-eve","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/arum-r.jpg?itok=206UUxCJ","toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, pain and swelling of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting (not horses), difficulty swallowing"},{"name":"African Wonder Tree","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Ricinus communis","family":null,"link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/african-wonder-tree","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/african-wonder-2-r.jpg?itok=P4KjAUwG","toxicPrinciples":"Ricin (highly toxic)","clinicalSigns":"Loss of appetite, excessive thirst, weakness, colic, trembling, sweating, loss of coordination, difficulty breathing, depression, bloody diarrhea, seizures, death."},{"name":"Alocasia","commonNames":["Elephant's Ear"],"scientificName":"Alocasia spp.","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/alocasia","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/alocasia-r.jpg?itok=5QWkDXGp","toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, pain and swelling of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting (not horses), difficulty swallowing"},{"name":"Aloe","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Aloe vera","family":"Liliaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/aloe","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/aloe_vera_aloe-300x200.jpg?itok=zSlTYKxN","toxicPrinciples":"Saponins, anthraquinones","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting (not horses), lethargy, diarrhea. The gel is considered edible."},{"name":"Amaryllis","commonNames":["Many","including: Belladonna lily","Saint Joseph lily","Cape Belladonna","Naked Lady"],"scientificName":"Amaryllis spp.","family":"Amaryllidaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/amaryllis","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/amaryllis-300x200.jpg?itok=DGvJ5GOY","toxicPrinciples":"Lycorine and others","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting (not horses), depression, diarrhea, abdominal pain, hypersalivation, anorexia, tremors."},{"name":"Ambrosia Mexicana","commonNames":["Jerusalem Oak","Feather Geranium"],"scientificName":"Chenopodium botrys","family":"Chenopodiaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/ambrosia-mexicana","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/chenopodium_botrys_ambrosia_mexicana-300x200.jpg?itok=EgiSy_ck","toxicPrinciples":"Sesquiterpene lactones","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, anorexia, depression"},{"name":"American Bittersweet","commonNames":["Bittersweet","Waxwork","Shrubby Bittersweet","False Bittersweet","Climbing Bittersweet"],"scientificName":"Celastrus scandens","family":"Celastraceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/american-bittersweet","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/american-bittersweet-r.jpg?itok=OjsmDl4h","toxicPrinciples":"Cardenolides, alkaloids","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting (not horses), diarrhea, seizures (rare), weakness"},{"name":"American Holly","commonNames":["English Holly","European Holly","Oregon Holly","Inkberry","Winterberry"],"scientificName":"Ilex opaca","family":"Aquifoliaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/american-holly","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/english-holly-r.jpg?itok=1HernTtZ","toxicPrinciples":"saponins","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting (not in horses), diarrhea and depression."},{"name":"American Mandrake","commonNames":["Mayapple","Indian Apple Root","Umbrella Leaf","Wild Lemon","Hog Apple","Duck's Foot","Raccoonberry"],"scientificName":"Podophyllum peltatum","family":"Berberidaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/american-mandrake","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/americanmandrake.jpg?itok=Tk-dK_CN","toxicPrinciples":"Podophyllin","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, diarrhea, lethargy, panting, coma (rare); dermal - redness, skin ulcers."},{"name":"American Yew","commonNames":["Canada Yew","Canadian Yew"],"scientificName":"Taxus canadensus","family":"Taxaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/american-yew","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/japanese-yew-r.jpg?itok=EaETXdIS","toxicPrinciples":"Taxine A and B, Volatile oil","clinicalSigns":"Tremors, difficulty breathing, vomiting, seizures (dogs), sudden death from acute heart failure."},{"name":"Andromeda Japonica","commonNames":["Pieris","Lily-of-the-Valley Bush"],"scientificName":"Pieris japonica","family":"Ericaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/andromeda-japonica","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/pieris-1-r.jpg?itok=BdjZeDWF","toxicPrinciples":"Grayanotoxins","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting (not in horses), diarrhea, weakness, cardiac failure"},{"name":"Angelica Tree","commonNames":["Hercules' Club","Devil's Walking Stick","Prickly Ash","Prickly Elder"],"scientificName":"Aralia spinosa","family":"Araliaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/angelica-tree","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/aralia_spinosa_angelica_tree-300x200.jpg?itok=Z0ZZ_XCY","toxicPrinciples":"Araliin","clinicalSigns":"Skin and oral irritation, hypersalivation, vomiting, diarrhea"},{"name":"Apple","commonNames":["Includes crabapples"],"scientificName":"Malus sylvestrus","family":"Rosaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/apple","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/apple-r.jpg?itok=cWqaf0_K","toxicPrinciples":"Cyanogenic glycosides","clinicalSigns":"Stems, leaves, seeds contain cyanide, particularly toxic in the process of wilting: brick red mucous membranes, dilated pupils, difficulty breathing, panting, shock."},{"name":"Apricot","commonNames":["Group also includes Plum","Peach","Cherry"],"scientificName":"Prunus armeniaca","family":"Rosaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/apricot","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/apricot-r.jpg?itok=sJziqNKv","toxicPrinciples":"Cyanogenic glycosides found in some species","clinicalSigns":"Stems, leaves, seeds contain cyanide, particularly toxic in the process of wilting: brick red mucous membranes, dilated pupils, difficulty breathing, panting, shock."},{"name":"Arrow-Head Vine","commonNames":["Nephthytis","Green Gold Naphthysis","African Evergreen","Trileaf Wonder"],"scientificName":"Syngonium podophyllum","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/arrow-head-vine","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/arrow-head-vine-r.jpg?itok=GoEmkIO6","toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, pain and swelling of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting (not horses), difficulty swallowing"},{"name":"Arum","commonNames":["Cuckoo-pint","Lord-and-Ladies","Adam-and-Eve","Starch Root","Bobbins","Wake Robin"],"scientificName":"Arum maculatum","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/arum","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/arum-r.jpg?itok=206UUxCJ","toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, intense burning and irritation of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting, difficulty swallowing"},{"name":"Arum Lily","commonNames":["Calla Lily","Pig Lily","White Arum","Trumpet Lily","Florist's Calla","Garden Calla"],"scientificName":"Zantedeschia aethiopica","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/arum-lily","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/arum-lily-r.jpg?itok=UAK_hrAS","toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, pain and swelling of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting (not horses), difficulty swallowing"},{"name":"Asian Lily","commonNames":["Asiatic Lily"],"scientificName":"Lilium asiatica","family":"Liliaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/asian-lily","toxicTo":["cat"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/asian-lily-2-r.jpg?itok=q6gb_R3C","toxicPrinciples":"Unknown","clinicalSigns":"Cats: Vomiting, inappetence, lethargy, kidney failure, death."},{"name":"Asparagus Fern","commonNames":["Asparagus","Emerald Feather","Emerald Fern","Sprengeri Fern","Plumosa Fern","Lace Fern","Racemose Asparagus","Shatavari"],"scientificName":"Asparagus densiflorus cv sprengeri","family":"Liliaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/asparagus-fern","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/asparagus-fern-r.jpg?itok=YNshxWGZ","toxicPrinciples":null,"clinicalSigns":"Allergic dermatitis with repeated dermal exposure. Berry ingestion could result in gastric upset (vomiting, abdominal pain, or diarrhea)."},{"name":"Australian Ivy Palm","commonNames":["Schefflera","Umbrella Tree","Octopus Tree","Starleaf"],"scientificName":"Brassaia actinophylla","family":"Araliaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/australian-ivy-palm","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/brassaia_actinophylla_australian_ivy_palm-300x200.jpg?itok=vysign-d","toxicPrinciples":"Terpenoids, saponins, insoluble oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, pain and swelling of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting (not horses), difficulty swallowing"},{"name":"Autumn Crocus","commonNames":["Meadow Saffron"],"scientificName":"Colchicum autumnale","family":"Liliaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/autumn-crocus","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/autumn-crocus.jpg?itok=WZtvIpMa","toxicPrinciples":"Colchicine and other alkaloids","clinicalSigns":"Bloody vomiting, diarrhea, shock, multi-organ damage, bone marrow suppression"},{"name":"Azalea","commonNames":["Rosebay","Rhododendron"],"scientificName":"Rhododendron spp","family":"Ericaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/azalea","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/azalea-r.jpg?itok=GfsHla4t","toxicPrinciples":"Grayantoxin","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting (not in horses), diarrhea, weakness, cardiac failure"},{"name":"Baby Doll Ti Plant","commonNames":["Ti-Plant","Good-Luck Plant","Hawaiian Ti Plant"],"scientificName":"Cordyline terminalis","family":"Agavaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/baby-doll-ti-plant","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/baby-doll-ti-plant-r.jpg?itok=XbtI6njI","toxicPrinciples":"Saponins","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting (occasionally with blood), depression, anorexia, hypersalivation, dilated pupils (cats)"},{"name":"Barbados Aloe","commonNames":["Medicine Plant","True Aloe"],"scientificName":"Aloe barbadensis","family":"Aloaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/barbados-aloe","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/barbados-aloe-r.jpg?itok=nyx929vz","toxicPrinciples":"Saponins, anthraquinones","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting (not horses), lethargy, diarrhea. The gel is considered edible."},{"name":"Barbados Lily","commonNames":["Amaryllis","Fire Lily","Lily of the Palace","Ridderstjerne"],"scientificName":"Hippeastrum spp.","family":"Amaryllidaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/barbados-lily","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/hippeastrum_spp_barbados_lily-300x200.jpg?itok=wHaTdB95","toxicPrinciples":"Lycorine and other alkaloids","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, salvation, diarrhea; large ingestions cause convulsions, low blood pressure, tremors and cardiac arrhythmias. Bulbs are the most poisonous part."},{"name":"Barbados Pride","commonNames":["Peacock Flower","Dwarf Poinciana"],"scientificName":"Caesalpinia pulcherrima","family":null,"link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/barbados-pride","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/peacock-flower-r.jpg?itok=6jJnhTxy","toxicPrinciples":"GI Irritants, Tannins.","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting and diarrhea."},{"name":"Barbados Pride 2","commonNames":["Bird of Paradise","Poinciana","Brazilwood"],"scientificName":"Poinciana gilliesii","family":"Leguminosae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/barbados-pride-2","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/bird-of-paradise-r.jpg?itok=mcIUHilP","toxicPrinciples":"GI irritants","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, intense burning and irritation of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting, diarrhea, difficulty swallowing and incoordination is possible. Deaths in rabbits have been reported."},{"name":"Bay Laurel","commonNames":["Sweet Bag","Bay Tree","Tree Laurel","Laurel Tree","Laurel"],"scientificName":"Laurus nobilis","family":"Lauraceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/bay-laurel","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/bay-leaf.jpg?itok=3tA9IrzH","toxicPrinciples":"Eugenol, and other essential oils","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting and diarrhea, Large ingestion of whole leaves can cause obstruction"},{"name":"Bead Tree","commonNames":["China Ball Tree","Paradise Tree","Persian Lilac","White Cedar","Japanese Bead Tree","Texas Umbrella Tree","Pride-of-India","Chinaberry Tree"],"scientificName":"Melia azedarach","family":"Meliaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/bead-tree","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/bead-tree-r.jpg?itok=fcSfmLRT","toxicPrinciples":"Tetranortriterpenes (meliatoxins)","clinicalSigns":"Diarrhea, vomiting, salivation, depression, weakness, and seizures. Ripe fruit (berries) most toxic but also bark, leaves, and flowers."},{"name":"Begonia","commonNames":["Over 1,000 species and 10,000 hybrids"],"scientificName":"Begonia spp.","family":"Begoniaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/begonia","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/begonia-r.jpg?itok=JYOkAKBU","toxicPrinciples":"Soluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Kidney failure (in grazing animals), vomiting, salivation in dogs/cats. Most toxic part is underground."},{"name":"Bergamot Orange","commonNames":["Bergamot","Citrus bergamia"],"scientificName":"Citrus Aurantium","family":"Rutaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/bergamot-orange","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/citrus_aurantium_bergamont_orange-300x200.jpg?itok=GyinGUao","toxicPrinciples":"Essential oils and psoralens","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, diarrhea, depression; potential photosensitivity (dermatitis)"},{"name":"Bird of Paradise","commonNames":["Peacock Flower","Barbados Pride","Poinciana","Pride of Barbados"],"scientificName":"Caesalpinia gilliesii","family":"Leguminosae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/bird-paradise","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/toxic-non-toxic-plants_bird-of-paradise.jpg?itok=R3qu-WME","toxicPrinciples":"possibly hydrocyanic acid","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, intense burning and irritation of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting, diarrhea, difficulty swallowing and incoordination is possible. Deaths in rabbits have been reported."},{"name":"Bird of Paradise 2","commonNames":["Peacock Flower","Barbados Pride","Poinciana","Pride of Barbados"],"scientificName":"Poinciana gilliesii","family":"Leguminosae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/bird-paradise-2","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/poinciana-r.jpg?itok=63gtk7vi","toxicPrinciples":"GI irritants","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, intense burning and irritation of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting, diarrhea, difficulty swallowing and incoordination is possible. Deaths in rabbits have been reported."},{"name":"Bird of Paradise Flower","commonNames":["Crane Flower","Bird's Tongue Flower"],"scientificName":"Strelitzia reginae","family":"Strelitziaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/bird-paradise-flower","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/birds-tongue-flower-r.jpg?itok=J8MBQ9-3","toxicPrinciples":"GI irritants","clinicalSigns":"Mild nausea, vomiting, drowsiness; caused mainly by fruit and seeds"},{"name":"Bird's Tongue Flower","commonNames":["Bird of Paradise Flower","Crane Flower"],"scientificName":"Strelitzia reginae","family":"Strelitziaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/birds-tongue-flower","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/birds-tongue-flower-r.jpg?itok=J8MBQ9-3","toxicPrinciples":null,"clinicalSigns":"Mild nausea, vomiting, drowsiness; caused mainly by fruit and seeds. Should not be confused with Caesalpinia or Poinciana gilliesii, which is also known as Bird of Paradise and is more toxic."},{"name":"Bishop’s Weed","commonNames":["Greater Ammi","False Queen Anne's Lace"],"scientificName":"Ammi majus","family":"Apiaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/bishops-weed","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/greater-ammi-r.jpg?itok=Fu5dhOej","toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Photosensitization (sunburn, dermatitis)"},{"name":"Bitter Root","commonNames":["Dogbane Hemp","Indian Hemp"],"scientificName":"Apocynum androsaemifolium","family":"Apocynaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/bitter-root","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/apocynum_androsaemifolium_bitter_root-300x200.jpg?itok=S3nDKp11","toxicPrinciples":"Cardenolides","clinicalSigns":"Diarrhea (possibly with blood), slow heart rate, weakness"},{"name":"Black Calla","commonNames":["Solomon's Lily","Wild Calla","Wild Arum"],"scientificName":"Arum palestinum","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/black-calla","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/black-calla-r.jpg?itok=Shj75f-c","toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, pain and swelling of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting (not horses), difficulty swallowing"},{"name":"Black Cherry","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Prunus serotina","family":"Rosaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/black-cherry","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/cherry-r.jpg?itok=9_k_I2RW","toxicPrinciples":"Cyanogenic glycosides found in some species","clinicalSigns":"Stems, leaves, seeds contain cyanide, particularly toxic in the process of wilting: brick red mucous membranes, dilated pupils, difficulty breathing, panting, shock."},{"name":"Black Laurel","commonNames":["Dog Hobble","Dog Laurel","Fetter Bush","Sierra Laurel"],"scientificName":"Leucothoe spp.","family":"Ericaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/black-laurel","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/dog-hobble-r.jpg?itok=daazEmGw","toxicPrinciples":"Grayanotoxins","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, diarrhea, depression, cardiovascular collapse, hypersalivation, weakness, coma, low blood pressure, death. Ingestion of a few leaves can cause serious problems."},{"name":"Black Nightshade","commonNames":["Nightshade","Deadly Nightshade"],"scientificName":"Solanum nigrum","family":"Solanaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/black-nightshade","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/black_nightshade_solanum_nigrum-300x200.jpg?itok=3BIBJhXH","toxicPrinciples":"Solanine, saponins, atropine like substances","clinicalSigns":"Hypersalivation, inappetence, severe gastrointestinal upset, diarrhea, drowsiness, CNS depression, confusion, behavioral change, weakness, dilated pupils, slow heart rate."},{"name":"Bobbins","commonNames":["Arum","Lord-and-Ladies","Adam-and-Eve","Starch Root","Wake Robin","Cuckoo Plant"],"scientificName":"Arum maculatum","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/bobbins","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/arum-r.jpg?itok=206UUxCJ","toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, intense burning and irritation of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting, difficulty swallowing"},{"name":"Bog Laurel","commonNames":["Pale Laurel","Bog Kalmia"],"scientificName":"Kalmia poliifolia","family":"Ericaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/bog-laurel","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/bog-laurel-r.jpg?itok=i1R2lJbt","toxicPrinciples":"Grayanotoxin","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting (not in horses), diarrhea, weakness, cardiac failure"},{"name":"Borage","commonNames":["Starflower"],"scientificName":"Borage officinalis","family":"Boraginceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/borage","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/borage.jpg?itok=W7elJbHn","toxicPrinciples":"Tannins, mucilage","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, diarrhea, dermatitis"},{"name":"Boxwood","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Buxus spp.","family":"Buxaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/boxwood","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/buxus_boxwood-300x200.jpg?itok=Qr2HGKhj","toxicPrinciples":"Alkaloids","clinicalSigns":"Dogs and cats: vomiting, diarrhea; Horses: colic, diarrhea, respiratory failure, seizures"},{"name":"Branching Ivy","commonNames":["English Ivy","Glacier Ivy","Needlepoint Ivy","Sweetheart Ivy","California Ivy"],"scientificName":"Hedera helix","family":"Araliaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/branching-ivy","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/english-ivy-r.jpg?itok=70BsIbRy","toxicPrinciples":"Triterpenoid saponins (hederagenin)","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, abdominal pain, hypersalivation, diarrhea. Foliage is more toxic than berries"},{"name":"Brazilwood","commonNames":["Bird of Paradise","Poinciana","Barbados Pride"],"scientificName":"Poinciana gilliesii","family":"Leguminosae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/brazilwood","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/poinciana-r.jpg?itok=63gtk7vi","toxicPrinciples":"GI irritants","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, intense burning and irritation of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting, diarrhea, difficulty swallowing and incoordination is possible. Deaths in rabbits have been reported."},{"name":"Bread and Butter Plant","commonNames":["Indian Borage","Spanish Thyme","Coleus","Maratha","Militini","East Indian Thyme"],"scientificName":"Coleus ampoinicus","family":"Labiatae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/bread-and-butter-plant","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/coleus_amboinicus_bread_and_butter_plant-300x200.jpg?itok=vPcCTrOX","toxicPrinciples":"Essential Oils","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, diarrhea, depression, anorexia, occasionally bloody diarrhea or vomiting"},{"name":"Brunfelsia","commonNames":["Yesterday","Today","Tomorrow","Kiss-Me-Quick","Lady-of-the-Night","Fransiscan Rain Tree"],"scientificName":"Brunfelsia species","family":"Solanaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/brunfelsia","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/yesterday-today-tomorrow-r.jpg?itok=r7plL0Ro","toxicPrinciples":"Brunfelsamidine","clinicalSigns":"Tremors, seizures (for several days), diarrhea, vomiting, hypersalivation, lethargy, incoordination, coughing"},{"name":"Buckeye","commonNames":["Horse Chestnut"],"scientificName":"Aesculus spp","family":"Hippocastanaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/buckeye","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/buckeye-r.jpg?itok=sKdOBVAU","toxicPrinciples":"Aesculin (a glycosidic saponin), other saponins","clinicalSigns":"Severe vomiting and diarrhea, depression or excitement, dilated pupils, coma, convulsions, wobbly"},{"name":"Buckwheat","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Fagopyrum spp.","family":"Polygonaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/buckwheat","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/buckwheat-r.jpg?itok=arM-aCcF","toxicPrinciples":"Fagopyrin","clinicalSigns":"Photosensitization (sunburn, dermatitis)"},{"name":"Buddhist Pine","commonNames":["Yew Pine","Japanese Yew","Southern Yew","Podocarpus"],"scientificName":"Podocarpus macrophylla","family":"Podocarpaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/buddhist-pine","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/podocarpus_macrophylla_buddhist_pine-300x200.jpg?itok=LF3dWuLo","toxicPrinciples":"Unknown. Do not confuse with yews of the genus Taxus.","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting (colic in horses), diarrhea"},{"name":"Burning Bush","commonNames":["Wahoo","Spindle Tree"],"scientificName":"Euonymus atropurpurea","family":"Celastraceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/burning-bush","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/burning-bush-1-r.jpg?itok=Xom-RenT","toxicPrinciples":"Alkaloids, Cardenolides","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, weakness. Heart rhythm abnormalities with large doses."},{"name":"Buttercup","commonNames":["Butter Cress","Figwort"],"scientificName":"Ranunculus spp.","family":"Ranunculaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/buttercup","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/buttercup-r.jpg?itok=O28VHLgE","toxicPrinciples":"Protoanemonin (an irritant)","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, diarrhea, depression, anorexia, hypersalivation, oral ulcers and wobbly gait."},{"name":"Butterfly Iris","commonNames":["Spuria Iris"],"scientificName":"Iris spuria","family":"Iridaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/butterfly-iris","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/butterfly-iris.jpg?itok=Q2SDYbk1","toxicPrinciples":"Pentacylic terpenoids (zeorin, missourin and missouriensin)","clinicalSigns":"Salivation, vomiting, drooling,lethargy, diarrhea. Highest concentration in rhizomes."},{"name":"Caladium","commonNames":["Malanga","Elephant's Ears","Stoplight","Seagull","Mother-in-law Plant","Pink Cloud","Texas Wonder","Angel-Wings","Exposition","Candidum","Fancy-leaved Caladium"],"scientificName":"Caladium hortulanum","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/caladium","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/elephant-ears-r.jpg?itok=PfV7_OWk","toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, pain and swelling of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting (not horses), difficulty swallowing"},{"name":"Calamondin Orange","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Citrus mitis","family":"Rutaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/calamondin-orange","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/calamondin-orange-r.jpg?itok=cBVAvPnX","toxicPrinciples":"Essential oils and psoralens","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, diarrhea, depression; potential photosensitivity (dermatitis)"},{"name":"California Ivy","commonNames":["Branching Ivy","Glacier Ivy","Needlepoint Ivy","Sweetheart Ivy","English Ivy"],"scientificName":"Hedera helix","family":"Araliaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/california-ivy","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/english-ivy-r.jpg?itok=70BsIbRy","toxicPrinciples":"Triterpenoid saponins (hederagenin)","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, abdominal pain, hypersalivation, diarrhea. Foliage is more toxic than berries"},{"name":"Calla Lily","commonNames":["Calla Lily","Pig Lily","White Arum","Trumpet Lily","Florist's Calla","Garden Calla","Arum Lily"],"scientificName":"Zantedeschia aethiopica","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/calla-lily","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/arum-lily-r.jpg?itok=UAK_hrAS","toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, intense burning and irritation of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting, difficulty swallowing"},{"name":"Cape Jasmine","commonNames":["Gardenia"],"scientificName":"Gardenia jasminoides","family":"Rubiaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/cape-jasmine","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/cape-jasmine-r.jpg?itok=hpPLF-Xc","toxicPrinciples":"Genioposide, Gardenoside","clinicalSigns":"Mild vomiting and/or diarrhea, hives."},{"name":"Caraway","commonNames":["Meridian Fennel","Persian Cumin"],"scientificName":"Carum carvi","family":"Umbelliferae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/caraway","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/caraway.jpg?itok=Z5sbf-Vt","toxicPrinciples":"oils, carvone and limonene","clinicalSigns":"Mild Vomiting and diarrhea"},{"name":"Cardboard Cycad","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Zamia furfuracea","family":"Cycadaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/cardboard-cycad","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/cardboard-palm-r.jpg?itok=TGixhHxv","toxicPrinciples":"Cycasin, B-methylamino-l-alanine, unidentified neurotoxin (cattle)","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting (may be bloody), dark stools, jaundice, increased thirst, bloody diarrhea, bruising, liver failure, death. 1-2 seeds can be fatal."},{"name":"Cardboard Palm","commonNames":["cycads and zamias"],"scientificName":"Zamia spp.","family":"Cycadaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/cardboard-palm","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/cardboard-palm-r.jpg?itok=TGixhHxv","toxicPrinciples":"Cycasin, B-methylamino-l-alanine, unidentified neurotoxin (cattle)","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting (may be bloody), dark stools, jaundice, increased thirst, bloody diarrhea, bruising, liver failure, death. 1-2 seeds can be fatal."},{"name":"Cardinal Flower","commonNames":["Lobelia","Indian Pink"],"scientificName":"Lobelia cardinalis","family":"Campanulaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/cardinal-flower","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/cardinal-flower.jpg?itok=2AoQewvX","toxicPrinciples":"Lobeline","clinicalSigns":"Depression, diarrhea, vomiting, excessive salivation, abdominal pain, heart rhythm disturbances."},{"name":"Carnation","commonNames":["Pinks","Wild Carnation","Sweet William"],"scientificName":"Dianthus caryophyllus","family":"Caryophyllaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/carnation","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/carnation-r.jpg?itok=o9oz2fXd","toxicPrinciples":"Unknown irritant","clinicalSigns":"Mild gastrointestinal signs, mild dermatitis"},{"name":"Castor Bean Plant","commonNames":["Castor Oil Plant","Mole Bean Plant","African Wonder Tree","Castor Bean"],"scientificName":"Ricinus communis","family":"Euphorbiaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/castor-bean-plant","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/african-wonder-tree-1-r.jpg?itok=vLcba91s","toxicPrinciples":"Ricin","clinicalSigns":"Beans are very toxic: oral irritation, burning of mouth and throat, increase in thirst, vomiting, diarrhea, kidney failure, convulsions. Access to ornamental plants or pruned foliage most common in poisonings. Ricin is a highly toxic component that inhibits protein synthesis; ingestion of as little as one ounce of seeds can be lethal. Signs typically develop 12 to 48 hours after ingestion, and include loss of appetite, excessive thirst, weakness, colic, trembling, sweating, loss of coordination, difficulty breathing, progressive central nervous system depression, and fever. As syndrome progresses, bloody diarrhea may occur, and convulsions and coma can precede death."},{"name":"Catnip","commonNames":["Catswort","Catmint"],"scientificName":"Nepeta cataria","family":"Lamiaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/catnip","toxicTo":["cat"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/catnip.jpg?itok=9gSMZeH_","toxicPrinciples":"Nepetalactone","clinicalSigns":"Many cats love catnip, but it can cause vomiting and diarrhea. It makes some cats sedated and others stimulated."},{"name":"Ceriman","commonNames":["Cutleaf Philodendron","Hurricane Plant","Swiss Cheese Plant","Mexican Breadfruit"],"scientificName":"Monstera deliciosa","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/ceriman","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/ceriman-cutleaf-philodendron-r.jpg?itok=cR0-yc-P","toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, pain and swelling of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting (not horses), difficulty swallowing"},{"name":"Chamomile","commonNames":["Manzanilla","Garden Chamomile","Roman Chamomile","True Chamomile","Corn Feverfew","Barnyard Daisy","Ground-apple","Turkey-weed"],"scientificName":"Anthemis nobilis","family":"Compositae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/chamomile","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/chamomile-r.jpg?itok=VO9UHpsL","toxicPrinciples":"Volatile oil; bisabolol, chamazulene, anthemic acid, tannic acid","clinicalSigns":"Contact dermatitis, vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia, allergic reactions. Long term use can lead to bleeding tendencies."},{"name":"Chandelier Plant","commonNames":["Mother-In-Law-Plant","Kalanchoe","Devils Backbone","Mother of Millions"],"scientificName":"Kalanchoe tubiflora","family":"Crassulaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/chandelier-plant","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/chanderlier-plant.jpg?itok=WPJFGEK8","toxicPrinciples":"Bufodienolides","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, diarrhea, abnormal heart rhythm (rare)."},{"name":"Charming Dieffenbachia","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Dieffenbachia amoena","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/charming-dieffenbachia","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/charming-dieffenbachia-r.jpg?itok=-9ZlbCIx","toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates, proteolytic enzyme","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, pain and swelling of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting (not horses), difficulty swallowing"},{"name":"Cherry","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Prunus spp.","family":"Rosaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/cherry","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/cherry-r.jpg?itok=9_k_I2RW","toxicPrinciples":"Cyanogenic glycosides","clinicalSigns":"Stems, leaves, seeds contain cyanide, particularly toxic in the process of wilting: brick red mucous membranes, dilated pupils, difficulty breathing, panting, shock."},{"name":"Chinaberry Tree","commonNames":["Bead Tree","China Ball Tree","Paradise Tree","Persian Lilac","White Cedar","Japanese Bead Tree","Texas Umbrella Tree","Pride-of-India"],"scientificName":"Melia azedarach","family":"Meliaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/chinaberry-tree","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/bead-tree-r.jpg?itok=fcSfmLRT","toxicPrinciples":"Tetranortriterpenes (meliatoxins)","clinicalSigns":"Diarrhea, vomiting, salivation, depression, weakness, and seizures. Ripe fruit (berries) most toxic but also bark, leaves, and flowers."},{"name":"Chinese Evergreen","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Aglaonema modestum","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/chinese-evergreen","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/chinese-evergreen-r.jpg?itok=RfUNWwyt","toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, pain and swelling of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting (not horses), difficulty swallowing"},{"name":"Chinese Jade","commonNames":["Silver Jade Plant","Silver Dollar"],"scientificName":"Crassula arborescens","family":"Crassulaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/chinese-jade","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/silver-jade-r.jpg?itok=JTt5b8H1","toxicPrinciples":"Unknown","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, drunkeness (cats), tremors (rare)"},{"name":"Chives","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Allium schoenoprasum","family":"Amaryllidaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/chives","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/chives.jpg?itok=IBakHK2g","toxicPrinciples":"N-propyl disulfide","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, breakdown of red blood cells (hemolytic anemia, Heinz body anemia), blood in urine, weakness, high heart rate, panting."},{"name":"Choke Cherry","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Prunus virginiana","family":"Rosaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/choke-cherry","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/cherry-r.jpg?itok=9_k_I2RW","toxicPrinciples":"Cyanogenic glycosides found in some species","clinicalSigns":"Stems, leaves, seeds contain cyanide, particularly toxic in the process of wilting: brick red mucous membranes, dilated pupils, difficulty breathing, panting, shock."},{"name":"Christmas Rose","commonNames":["Hellebore","Lenten Rose","Easter Rose"],"scientificName":"Helleborus niger","family":"Ranunculaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/christmas-rose","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/christmas-rose-r.jpg?itok=y0h96g6w","toxicPrinciples":"Cardiac glycosides, saponins, protoanemonin","clinicalSigns":"Drooling, abdominal pain, diarrhea, colic, depression"},{"name":"Chrysanthemum","commonNames":["Daisy","Mum; many varieties"],"scientificName":"Chrysanthemum spp.","family":"Compositae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/chrysanthemum","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/chrysanthemum-r.jpg?itok=uRlMg9mx","toxicPrinciples":"Sesquiterpene, lactones, pyrethrins and other potential irritants","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, diarrhea, hypersalivation, incoordination, dermatitis"},{"name":"Clematis","commonNames":["Virgin’s Bower","Leatherflower"],"scientificName":"Clematis spp.","family":"Ranunculaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/clematis","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/clematis-r.jpg?itok=FsUkj7F5","toxicPrinciples":"Irritant glycoside (Protoanemonin)","clinicalSigns":"Salivation, vomiting, diarrhea."},{"name":"Climbing Bittersweet","commonNames":["Bittersweet","Waxwork","Shrubby Bittersweet","False Bittersweet","Climbing Bittersweet","American Bittersweet"],"scientificName":"Celastrus scandens","family":"Celastraceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/climbing-bittersweet","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/american-bittersweet-r.jpg?itok=OjsmDl4h","toxicPrinciples":"May contain euonymin and sesquiterpene alkaloids","clinicalSigns":"weakness, convulsions, gastroenteritis (vomiting, diarrhea)"},{"name":"Climbing Lily","commonNames":["Gloriosa Lily","Glory Lily","Superb Lily"],"scientificName":"Gloriosa superba","family":"Liliaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/climbing-lily","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/glory-lily-r.jpg?itok=HzN19AQS","toxicPrinciples":"Colchicine related alkaloids","clinicalSigns":"Bloody vomiting, diarrhea, shock, multi-organ damage, bone marrow suppression"},{"name":"Climbing Nightshade","commonNames":["European Bittersweet","Deadly Nightshade","Violet Bloom","Blue Nightshade","Soda Apple","Poisonous Nightshade","Felonwort","Devil's Apple","Scarlet Berry","Woody Nightshade","Blue Blindweed"],"scientificName":"Solanum dulcamara","family":"Solanaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/climbing-nightshade","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/deadly-nightshade-r.jpg?itok=D2n28ufo","toxicPrinciples":"Solanine","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, diarrhea - common. Drowsiness, low blood pressure, low heart rate - uncommon."},{"name":"Clivia Lily","commonNames":["Kaffir Lily","Clivies","Caffre Lily","Cape Clivia","Klivia"],"scientificName":"Clivia spp.","family":"Amaryllidaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/clivia-lily","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/kaffir-lily-r.jpg?itok=JoGwMhft","toxicPrinciples":"Lycorine and other alkaloids","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, salvation, diarrhea; large ingestions cause convulsions, low blood pressure, tremors and cardiac arrhythmias. Bulbs are the most poisonous part."},{"name":"Clusia Rosea","commonNames":["Clusia"],"scientificName":"Clusia major","family":"Clusiaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/clusia-rosea","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/plants.jpg?itok=UriWhcXc","toxicPrinciples":"Terpenes","clinicalSigns":"Digestive upset, vomiting"},{"name":"Coffee Tree","commonNames":["Wild Coffee","Geranium-Leaf Aralia"],"scientificName":"Polyscias guilfoylei","family":"Araliaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/coffee-tree","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/coffee-tree-r.jpg?itok=zlkBo1R_","toxicPrinciples":"Saponin","clinicalSigns":"Contact dermatitis, vomiting, anorexia, depression."},{"name":"Coleus","commonNames":["Indian Borage","Bread and Butter Plant","Spanish Thyme","East Indian Thyme","Stinging Thyme","Country Boarage; many others"],"scientificName":"Coleus ampoinicus","family":"Labiatae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/coleus","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/coleus_ampoinicus_coleus-300x200.jpg?itok=03yciIf3","toxicPrinciples":"Essential Oils","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, diarrhea, depression, anorexia, occasionally bloody diarrhea or vomiting"},{"name":"Common Privet","commonNames":["Privet","Amur","Wax-leaf"],"scientificName":"Ligustrum vulgare","family":"Oleaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/common-privet","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/common_privet_ligustrum_vulgare-300x200.jpg?itok=S21heaTv","toxicPrinciples":"Cardiac glycosides, saponins, protoanemonin","clinicalSigns":"Drooling, abdominal pain, diarrhea, colic, depression"},{"name":"Coontie Palm","commonNames":["Sago Palm","Cardboard Palm","cycads and zamias"],"scientificName":"Zamia pumila","family":"Cycadaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/coontie-palm","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/zamia_pumila_coontie-300x200.jpg?itok=1mZzPctn","toxicPrinciples":"Cycasin, B-methylamino-l-alanine, unidentified neurotoxin (cattle)","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting (may be bloody), dark stools, jaundice, increased thirst, bloody diarrhea, bruising, liver failure, death. 1-2 seeds can be fatal."},{"name":"Cordatum","commonNames":["Fiddle-Leaf","Horsehead Philodendron","Heartleaf Philodendron","Panda Plant","Split Leaf Philodendron","Fruit Salad Plant","Red Emerald","Red Princess","Saddle Leaf"],"scientificName":"Philodendron oxycardium","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/cordatum","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/cordatum_facebook.jpg?itok=3EUvOw1m","toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, pain and swelling of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting (not horses), difficulty swallowing"},{"name":"Corn Plant","commonNames":["Corn Plant","Cornstalk Plant","Dracaena","Dragon Tree","Ribbon Plant"],"scientificName":"Dracaena fragrans","family":"Asparagaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/corn-plant","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/corn-plant-r.jpg?itok=F4ZFIWDW","toxicPrinciples":"Saponins","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting (occasionally with blood), depression, anorexia, hypersalivation, dilated pupils (cats)."},{"name":"Cornstalk Plant","commonNames":["Corn Plant","Dracaena","Dragon Tree","Ribbon Plant"],"scientificName":"Dracaena fragrans","family":"Agavaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/cornstalk-plant","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/corn-plant-r.jpg?itok=F4ZFIWDW","toxicPrinciples":"Saponins","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting (occasionally with blood), depression, anorexia, hypersalivation, dilated pupils (cats)."},{"name":"Cow parsnip","commonNames":["Giant Hogweed"],"scientificName":"Heracleum maximum","family":"Apiaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/cow-parsnip","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/giant-hogweed-r.jpg?itok=kyPU9e4O","toxicPrinciples":"Furanocoumarins","clinicalSigns":"Photosensitization (sunburn, dermatitis)"},{"name":"Cowbane","commonNames":["Water Hemlock","Poison Parsnip"],"scientificName":"Cicuta species","family":"Apiaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/cowbane","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/cowbane-r.jpg?itok=9ifZrOK_","toxicPrinciples":"Cicutoxin","clinicalSigns":"Diarrhea, seizures, tremors, extreme stomach pain, dilated pupils, fever, bloat, respiratory depression, and death"},{"name":"Cuckoo-pint","commonNames":["Arum","Lord-and-Ladies","Adam-and-Eve","Starch Root","Bobbins","Wake Robin"],"scientificName":"Arum maculatum","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/cuckoo-pint","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/arum-r.jpg?itok=206UUxCJ","toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, intense burning and irritation of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting, difficulty swallowing"},{"name":"Cutleaf Philodendron","commonNames":["Hurricane Plant","Swiss Cheese Plant","Ceriman","Mexican Breadfruit","Split-leaf Philodendron","Window Leaf Plant"],"scientificName":"Monstera deliciosa","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/cutleaf-philodendron","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/cutleaf-philodendron-r.jpg?itok=b_38EQmR","toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, intense burning and irritation of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting, difficulty swallowing."},{"name":"Cycads","commonNames":["Sago Palm","Fern Palm"],"scientificName":"Cycas and Zamia species","family":"Cycadaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/cycads","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/cycads-r.jpg?itok=gpIQoEUO","toxicPrinciples":"Cycasin, B-methylamino-l-alanine, unidentified neurotoxin (cattle)","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting (may be bloody), dark stools, jaundice, increased thirst, bloody diarrhea, bruising, liver failure, death. 1-2 seeds can be fatal."},{"name":"Cyclamen","commonNames":["Sowbread"],"scientificName":"Cyclamen spp","family":"Primulaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/cyclamen","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/cyclamen-2-r.jpg?itok=Rjy8SICM","toxicPrinciples":"Terpenoid saponins","clinicalSigns":"Salivation, vomiting, diarrhea. Following large ingestions of tubers: heart rhythm abnormalities, seizures, death"},{"name":"Daffodil","commonNames":["Narcissus","Jonquil","Paper White"],"scientificName":"Narcissus spp","family":"Amaryllidaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/daffodil","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/daffodil-r.jpg?itok=h1h9GpYw","toxicPrinciples":"Lycorine and other alkaloids","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, salvation, diarrhea; large ingestions cause convulsions, low blood pressure, tremors and cardiac arrhythmias. Bulbs are the most poisonous part."},{"name":"Dahlia","commonNames":["Many varieties"],"scientificName":"Dahlia species","family":"Compositae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/dahlia","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/dahlia-r.jpg?itok=yqjJMUsQ","toxicPrinciples":"Unknown","clinicalSigns":"Mild gastrointestinal signs, mild dermatitis"},{"name":"Daisy","commonNames":["Chrysanthemum","Mum"],"scientificName":"Chrysanthemum species","family":"Compositae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/daisy","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/daisy_chrysanthemum_spp-300x200.jpg?itok=iUx7gh6g","toxicPrinciples":"Sesquiterpene, lactones, pyrethrins and other potential irritants","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, diarrhea, hypersalivation, incoordination, dermatitis"},{"name":"Day Lilies (many varieties)","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Hemerocallis spp.","family":"Xanthorrhoeaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/day-lilies-many-varieties","toxicTo":["cat"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/day-lily-r.jpg?itok=dh6zUjQq","toxicPrinciples":"Unknown","clinicalSigns":"Cats: Vomiting, inappetence, lethargy, kidney failure, death."},{"name":"Deadly Nightshade","commonNames":["Nightshade","Black Nightshade","European Bittersweet","Climbing Nightshade"],"scientificName":"Solanum spp","family":"Solanaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/deadly-nightshade","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/deadly-nightshade-r.jpg?itok=D2n28ufo","toxicPrinciples":"Solanine, saponins, atropine like substances","clinicalSigns":"Hypersalivation, inappetence, severe gastrointestinal upset, diarrhea, drowsiness, CNS depression, confusion, behavioral change, weakness, dilated pupils, slow heart rate."},{"name":"Desert Azalea","commonNames":["Desert Rose","Mock Azalea","Sabi Star","Impala Lily","Kudu Lily"],"scientificName":"Adenium obesum","family":"Apocynaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/desert-azalea","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/desert-azalea-r.jpg?itok=4yfWq519","toxicPrinciples":"Cardiac glycosides","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia, depression, irregular heart beat, death"},{"name":"Desert Rose","commonNames":["Desert Azalea","Mock Azalea","Sabi Star","Impala Lily","Kudu Lily"],"scientificName":"Adenium obesum","family":"Apocynaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/desert-rose","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/desert-azalea-r.jpg?itok=4yfWq519","toxicPrinciples":"Cardiac glycosides","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia, depression, irregular heart beat, death"},{"name":"Devil's Backbone","commonNames":["Mother-In-Law-Plant","Kalanchoe","Chandelier Plant","Mother of Millions"],"scientificName":"Kalanchoe tubiflora","family":"Crassulaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/devils-backbone","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":null,"toxicPrinciples":"Bufodienolides","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, diarrhea, abnormal heart rhythm (rare)."},{"name":"Devils Ivy","commonNames":["Pothos","Golden Pothos","Taro Vine","Ivy Arum"],"scientificName":"Epipremnum aureum","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/devils-ivy","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/epipremnum_aureum_devils_ivy-300x200.jpg?itok=L76t44Qc","toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, pain and swelling of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting (not horses), difficulty swallowing"},{"name":"Dieffenbachia","commonNames":["Charming Dieffenbachia","Giant Dumb Cane","Tropic Snow","Dumbcane","Exotica","Spotted Dumb Cane","Exotica Perfection"],"scientificName":"Dieffenbachia","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/dieffenbachia","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/dumbcane-r.jpg?itok=i_24rCO4","toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates, proteolytic enzyme","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, intense burning and irritation of mouth , tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting, difficulty swallowing"},{"name":"Dock","commonNames":["Sorrel"],"scientificName":"Rumex sp.","family":"Polygonaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/dock","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/dock-r.jpg?itok=MQVJ3467","toxicPrinciples":"Soluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Kidney failure (rare in dogs/cats), tremors, salivation."},{"name":"Dog Daisy","commonNames":["Dog Fennel"],"scientificName":"Achillea millefolium","family":"Compositae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/dog-daisy","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/achillea_millefolium_dog_daisy-300x200.jpg?itok=wIL6lBgL","toxicPrinciples":"Achilleine and alkaloids.","clinicalSigns":"Increased urination, vomiting, diarrhea, dermatitis."},{"name":"Dog Hobble","commonNames":["Dog Laurel","Fetter Bush","Black Laurel"],"scientificName":"Leucothoe sp.","family":"Ericaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/dog-hobble","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/dog-hobble-r.jpg?itok=daazEmGw","toxicPrinciples":"Grayanotoxins","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, diarrhea, depression, cardiovascular collapse, hypersalivation, weakness, coma, low blood pressure, death. Ingestion of a few leaves can cause serious problems."},{"name":"Dogbane Hemp","commonNames":["Bitterroot","Indian Hemp"],"scientificName":"Apocynum spp.","family":"Apocynaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/dogbane-hemp","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/apocynum_dogbane_hemp-300x200.jpg?itok=NQfKo6Oa","toxicPrinciples":"Cardenolides","clinicalSigns":"Diarrhea (possibly with blood), slow heart rate, weakness"},{"name":"Dracaena","commonNames":["Corn Plant","Cornstalk Plant","Dragon Tree","Ribbon Plant"],"scientificName":"Dracaena spp.","family":"Agavaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/dracaena","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/dracaena-r.jpg?itok=skSGhUvr","toxicPrinciples":"Saponins","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting (occasionally with blood), depression, anorexia, hypersalivation, dilated pupils (cats)."},{"name":"Dumbcane","commonNames":["Charming Dieffenbachia","Giant Dumb Cane","Tropic Snow","Exotica","Spotted Dumb Cane","Exotica Perfection","Dieffenbachia"],"scientificName":"Dieffenbachia","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/dumbcane","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/dumbcane-r.jpg?itok=i_24rCO4","toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates, proteolytic enzyme","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, intense burning and irritation of mouth , tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting, difficulty swallowing."},{"name":"Dwarf Poinciana","commonNames":["Barbados Pride","Peacock Flower"],"scientificName":"Caesalpinia pulcherrima","family":"Fabaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/dwarf-poinciana","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/peacock-flower-r.jpg?itok=6jJnhTxy","toxicPrinciples":"GI Irritants, Tannins","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting and diarrhea."},{"name":"Easter Lily","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Lilium longiflorum","family":"Liliaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/easter-lily","toxicTo":["cat"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/easter-lily-1-r.jpg?itok=PDUyWsaq","toxicPrinciples":"Unknown","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, inappetence, lethargy, kidney failure, and death is possible. Cats are only species known to be affected."},{"name":"Easter Rose","commonNames":["Hellebore","Christmas Rose","Lenten Rose"],"scientificName":"Helleborus niger","family":"Ranunculaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/easter-rose","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/christmas-rose-r.jpg?itok=y0h96g6w","toxicPrinciples":"Bufadienolides, glycosides, veratrin and prtoanemonin","clinicalSigns":"Drooling, abdominal pain and diarrhea, colic, depression."},{"name":"Eastern Star","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Dianthus spp.","family":"Caryophyllaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/eastern-star","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/eastern-star-r.jpg?itok=gnf5nivC","toxicPrinciples":"GI and skin irritants","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, dermatitis"},{"name":"Elephant Ears","commonNames":["Caladium","Malanga"],"scientificName":"Colocasia esculenta","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/elephant-ears-0","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/colocasia_esculenta_elephant_ear-300x200.jpg?itok=h37O39DW","toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, pain and swelling of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting (not horses), difficulty swallowing"},{"name":"Elephant Ears","commonNames":["Caladium","Taro","Pai","Ape","Cape","Via","Via sori","Malanga"],"scientificName":"Caladium hortulanum","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/elephant-ears","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/elephant-ears-r.jpg?itok=PfV7_OWk","toxicPrinciples":"Calcium oxalate crystals","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, intense burning and irritation of the mouth, lips, tongue, excessive drooling, vomiting, difficulty in swallowing."},{"name":"Elephant-Ear Begonia","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Begonia scharfii","family":"Begoniaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/elephant-ear-begonia","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/image_0.jpg?itok=NJmUDGKj","toxicPrinciples":"Soluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Kidney failure (in grazing animals), vomiting, salivation in dogs/cats. Most toxic part is underground."},{"name":"Emerald Feather","commonNames":["Emerald Fern","Asparagus","Asparagus fern","Sprengeri fern","Plumosa fern","Lace fern","Racemose asparagus","Shatavari"],"scientificName":"Asparagus densiflorus","family":"Liliaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/emerald-feather","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/emerald-feather-r.jpg?itok=dapQUeyW","toxicPrinciples":"Unknown","clinicalSigns":"Allergic dermatitis with repeated dermal exposure. Berry ingestion could result in gastric upset (vomiting, abdominal pain, or diarrhea)."},{"name":"English Holly","commonNames":["European Holly","Oregon Holly","Inkberry","Winterberry","American Holly"],"scientificName":"Ilex aquifolium","family":"Aquifoliaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/english-holly","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/english-holly-r.jpg?itok=1HernTtZ","toxicPrinciples":"Saponins","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, diarrhea and depression. Leaves and berries are low toxicity."},{"name":"English Ivy","commonNames":["Branching Ivy","Glacier Ivy","Needlepoint Ivy","Sweetheart Ivy","California Ivy"],"scientificName":"Hedera helix","family":"Araliaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/english-ivy","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/english-ivy-r.jpg?itok=70BsIbRy","toxicPrinciples":"Triterpenoid saponins (hederagenin)","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, abdominal pain, hypersalivation, diarrhea. Foliage is more toxic than berries"},{"name":"English Yew","commonNames":["Western Yew","Pacific Yew","Japanese Yew","Anglo-Japanese Yew"],"scientificName":"Taxus baccata","family":"Taxaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/english-yew","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/japanese-yew-r.jpg?itok=EaETXdIS","toxicPrinciples":"Taxine A and B, Volatile oil","clinicalSigns":"Tremors, difficulty breathing, vomiting, seizures (dogs), sudden death from acute heart failure."},{"name":"Epazote","commonNames":["Wormseed","Jusuit's Tea","Mexican Tea","Paico"],"scientificName":"Chenopodium ambrosioides","family":"Chenopodiaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/epazote","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/epazote.jpg?itok=4thCEoB4","toxicPrinciples":"Essential oils: ascaridole, limonene, p-cymene","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, diarrhea (with ingestion of concentrated oils)"},{"name":"Eucalyptus","commonNames":["Many cultivars"],"scientificName":"Eucalyptus species","family":"Myrtaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/eucalyptus","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/eucalyptus-r.jpg?itok=fh36P97s","toxicPrinciples":"Essential oils: eucalyptol","clinicalSigns":"Salivation, vomiting, diarrhea, depression, weakness"},{"name":"European Bittersweet","commonNames":["Climbing Nightshade","Deadly Nightshade"],"scientificName":"Solanum dulcamara","family":"Solanaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/european-bittersweet","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/european-bittersweet-r.jpg?itok=RVQlIS4I","toxicPrinciples":"Solanine","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, diarrhea - common. Drowsiness, low blood pressure, low heart rate - uncommon."},{"name":"European Holly","commonNames":["European Holly","Oregon Holly","Inkberry","Winterberry","American Holly","English Holly"],"scientificName":"Ilex aquifolium","family":"Aquifoliaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/european-holly","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/ilex_aquifolium_european_holly-300x200.jpg?itok=2i_5LWKt","toxicPrinciples":"Saponins","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, diarrhea and depression. Leaves and berries are low toxicity."},{"name":"Everlasting Pea","commonNames":["Sweet Pea","Perennial Pea"],"scientificName":"Lathyrus latifolius","family":"Fabaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/everlasting-pea","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/sweet-pea-r.jpg?itok=f3_YX7vm","toxicPrinciples":"Aminoproprionitrite","clinicalSigns":"Weakness, lethargy, pacing, head pressing, tremors, seizures and possibly death."},{"name":"Exotica","commonNames":["Charming Dieffenbachia","Giant Dumb Cane","Tropic Snow","Dumbcane","Spotted Dumb Cane","Exotica Perfection","Dieffenbachia"],"scientificName":"Dieffenbachia amoena","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/exotica","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/exotica-r.jpg?itok=X7FcYjoF","toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates, proteolytic enzyme","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, intense burning and irritation of mouth , tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting, difficulty swallowing"},{"name":"False Bittersweet","commonNames":["American Bittersweet"],"scientificName":"Celastrus scandens","family":"Celastraceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/false-bittersweet","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/american-bittersweet-r.jpg?itok=OjsmDl4h","toxicPrinciples":"Sesquiterpene alkaloids","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, diarrhea"},{"name":"False Queen Anne’s Lace","commonNames":["Bishop's Weed","Greater Ammi"],"scientificName":"Ammi majus","family":"Apiaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/false-queen-annes-lace","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/greater-ammi-r.jpg?itok=Fu5dhOej","toxicPrinciples":"Furanocoumarins","clinicalSigns":"Photosensitization (ulcerative and exudative dermatitis)"},{"name":"Feather Geranium","commonNames":["Jerusalem Oak","Ambrosia Mexicana"],"scientificName":"Ambrosia mexicana","family":"Chenopodiaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/feather-geranium","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/ambrosia_mexicana_feather_geranium-300x200.jpg?itok=av62GKCo","toxicPrinciples":"Sesquiterpene lactones","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, anorexia, depression"},{"name":"Fern Palm","commonNames":["Sago Palm","Cycads"],"scientificName":"Zamia spp.","family":"Cycadaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/fern-palm","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/sago-palm-r.jpg?itok=xRE_oPrX","toxicPrinciples":"Cycasin, B-methylamino-l-alanine, unidentified neurotoxin (cattle)","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting (may be bloody), dark stools, jaundice, increased thirst, bloody diarrhea, bruising, liver failure, death. 1-2 seeds can be fatal."},{"name":"Fetter Bush","commonNames":["Dog Laurel","Dog Hobble","Black Laurel"],"scientificName":"Leucothoe spp.","family":"Ericaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/fetter-bush","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/dog-hobble-r.jpg?itok=daazEmGw","toxicPrinciples":"Grayanotoxins","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting (not in horses), diarrhea, weakness, cardiac failure"},{"name":"Fetterbush","commonNames":["Staggerberry","Maleberry"],"scientificName":"Lyonia spp.","family":"Ericaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/fetterbush","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/fetterbush_lyonia_sp.-300x200.jpg?itok=JKmSaUUb","toxicPrinciples":"Grayanotoxins","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting (not in horses), diarrhea, weakness, cardiac failure"},{"name":"Fiddle-Leaf","commonNames":["Horsehead Philodendron","Cordatum","Heartleaf Philodendron","Panda Plant","Split Leaf Philodendron","Fruit Salad Plant","Red Emerald","Red Princess","Saddle Leaf"],"scientificName":"Philodendron bipennifolium","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/fiddle-leaf","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":null,"toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, intense burning and irritation of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting, difficulty swallowing."},{"name":"Fig","commonNames":["Weeping Fig","Indian Rubber Plant"],"scientificName":"Ficus benjamina","family":"Moraceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/fig","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/indian-rubber-plant-r.jpg?itok=lzXXOH-s","toxicPrinciples":"Proteolytic enzyme (ficin), psoralen (ficusin)","clinicalSigns":"Gastrointestinal and dermal irritation"},{"name":"Figwort","commonNames":["Buttercup","Butter Cress","Burwort","Crowfoot burwort"],"scientificName":"Ranunculus acris","family":"Ranunculaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/figwort","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/figwort_ranunculus_acris-300x200.jpg?itok=YfF1ZYsq","toxicPrinciples":"Protoanemonin (an irritant)","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, diarrhea, depression, anorexia, hypersalivation and wobbly gait."},{"name":"Fire Lily","commonNames":["Amaryllis","Barbados Lily","Lily of the Palace","Ridderstjerne"],"scientificName":"Hippeastrum spp.","family":"Amaryllidaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/fire-lily","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/hippeastrum_fire_lily-300x200.jpg?itok=xEnzqg_M","toxicPrinciples":"Lycorine and other alkaloids","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, salvation, diarrhea; large ingestions cause convulsions, low blood pressure, tremors and cardiac arrhythmias. Bulbs are the most poisonous part."},{"name":"Flag","commonNames":["Iris","Snake Lily","Water Flag"],"scientificName":"Iris species","family":"Iridaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/flag","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/iris-1-r.jpg?itok=RuaNhCxv","toxicPrinciples":"Pentacylic terpenoids (zeorin, missourin and missouriensin)","clinicalSigns":"Salivation, vomiting, drooling,lethargy, diarrhea. Highest concentration in rhizomes."},{"name":"Flamingo Flower","commonNames":["Flamingo Lily","Tail Flower","Oilcloth Flower","Pigtail Plant","Painter's Pallet"],"scientificName":"Anthurium scherzeranum","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/flamingo-flower","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/flamingo-plant-r.jpg?itok=YtLpSaN7","toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, pain and swelling of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting (not horses), difficulty swallowing"},{"name":"Fleabane","commonNames":["Showy Daisy","Horseweed","Seaside Daisy"],"scientificName":"Erigeron speciosus","family":"Asteraceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/fleabane","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/seaside-daisy-r.jpg?itok=XFtEj0zt","toxicPrinciples":"Irritant","clinicalSigns":"Mild gastrointestinal signs, mild dermatitis"},{"name":"Florida Beauty","commonNames":["Gold Dust Dracaena","Spotted Dracaena"],"scientificName":"Dracaena surculosa","family":"Asparagaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/florida-beauty","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/florida-beauty.jpeg?itok=41PtlSLL","toxicPrinciples":"Saponins","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting (occasionally with blood), depression, anorexia, hypersalivation, dilated pupils (cats)."},{"name":"Florist's Calla","commonNames":["Calla Lily","Pig Lily","White Arum","Trumpet Lily","Arum Lily","Garden Calla","Arum Lily"],"scientificName":"Zantedeschia aethiopica","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/florists-calla","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/arum-lily-r.jpg?itok=UAK_hrAS","toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, intense burning and irritation of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting, difficulty swallowing"},{"name":"Foxglove","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Digitalis purpurea","family":"Scrophalariaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/foxglove","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/foxglove-r.jpg?itok=YO-fr890","toxicPrinciples":"Cardiac glycosides","clinicalSigns":"Cardiac arrhythmias, vomiting, diarrhea, weakness, cardiac failure, death."},{"name":"Franciscan Rain Tree","commonNames":["Yesterday","Today","Tomorrow","Lady-of-the-Night","Morning-Noon-and-Night","Kiss-Me-Quick"],"scientificName":"Brunfelsia species","family":"Solanaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/franciscan-rain-tree","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/yesterday-today-tomorrow-r.jpg?itok=r7plL0Ro","toxicPrinciples":"Brunfelsamidine","clinicalSigns":"Tremors, seizures (for several days), diarrhea, vomiting, hypersalivation, lethargy, incoordination, coughing"},{"name":"Garden Calla","commonNames":["Calla Lily","Pig Lily","White Arum","Trumpet Lily","Florist's Calla","Arum Lily"],"scientificName":"Zantedeschia aethiopica","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/garden-calla","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/arum-lily-r.jpg?itok=UAK_hrAS","toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, intense burning and irritation of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting, difficulty swallowing"},{"name":"Garden Chamomile","commonNames":["Chamomile","Ground Apple","Roman Chamomile"],"scientificName":"Anthemis nobilis","family":"Asteraceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/garden-chamomile","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/garden_chamomile_anthemis_nobilis-300x200.jpg?itok=Cpv-ZcZ5","toxicPrinciples":"Volatile oil; bisabolol, chamazulene, anthemic acid, tannic acid","clinicalSigns":"Contact dermatitis, vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia, allergic reactions. Long term use can lead to bleeding tendencies."},{"name":"Garden Hyacinth","commonNames":["Hyacinth"],"scientificName":"Hyacinthus orientalis","family":"Liliaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/garden-hyacinth","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/garden-hyacinth-r.jpg?itok=plcsQ1S9","toxicPrinciples":"Narcissus like alkaloids","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, diarrhea, dermatitis and allergic reactions. Bulbs contain highest amount of toxin."},{"name":"Gardenia","commonNames":["Cape Jasmine"],"scientificName":"Gardenia jasminoides","family":"Rubiaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/gardenia","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/cape-jasmine-r.jpg?itok=hpPLF-Xc","toxicPrinciples":"Genioposide, gardenoside","clinicalSigns":"Mild vomiting and/or diarrhea, hives."},{"name":"Garlic","commonNames":["Stinking Rose","Rustic Treacle","Camphor of the Poor","Nectar of the Gods","Serpent Garlic","Rocambole"],"scientificName":"Allium sativum","family":"Liliaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/garlic","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/garlic-r.jpg?itok=tuzu9Y49","toxicPrinciples":"N-propyl disulfide","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, breakdown of red blood cells (hemolytic anemia, Heinz body anemia), blood in urine, weakness, high heart rate, panting"},{"name":"Geranium","commonNames":["Many cultivars"],"scientificName":"Pelargonium species","family":"Geraniaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/geranium","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/geranium-r.jpg?itok=g-zfMFPT","toxicPrinciples":"Geraniol, linalool","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, anorexia, depression, dermatitis"},{"name":"Geranium-Leaf Aralia","commonNames":["Wild Coffee","Coffee Tree"],"scientificName":"Polyscias guilfoylei","family":"Araliaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/geranium-leaf-aralia","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/coffee-tree-r.jpg?itok=zlkBo1R_","toxicPrinciples":"Saponin","clinicalSigns":"Contact dermatitis, vomiting, anorexia, depression."},{"name":"Giant Dracaena","commonNames":["Palm Lily","Grass Palm"],"scientificName":"Cordyline australis","family":"Agavaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/giant-dracaena","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/giant_dracaena_cordyline_australis-300x200.jpg?itok=Rx1q2HwE","toxicPrinciples":"Saponins","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting (occasionally with blood), depression, anorexia, hypersalivation, dilated pupils (cats)"},{"name":"Giant Dumb Cane","commonNames":["Charming Dieffenbachia","Tropic Snow","Dumbcane","Exotica","Spotted Dumb Cane","Exotica Perfection","Dieffenbachia"],"scientificName":"Dieffenbachia amoena","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/giant-dumb-cane","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/exotica-r.jpg?itok=X7FcYjoF","toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates, proteolytic enzyme","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, intense burning and irritation of mouth , tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting, difficulty swallowing"},{"name":"Giant Hogweed","commonNames":["Cow Parsnip"],"scientificName":"Heracleum maximum","family":"Apiaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/giant-hogweed","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/giant-hogweed-r.jpg?itok=kyPU9e4O","toxicPrinciples":"Furanocoumarins","clinicalSigns":"Photosensitization (ulcerative and exudative dermatitis), ocular toxicity."},{"name":"Glacier Ivy","commonNames":["English Ivy","Branching Ivy","Needlepoint Ivy","Sweetheart Ivy","California Ivy"],"scientificName":"Hedera helix","family":"Araliaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/glacier-ivy","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/glacier-ivy-r.jpg?itok=THKcwDQW","toxicPrinciples":"Triterpenoid saponins (hederagenin)","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, abdominal pain, hypersalivation, diarrhea. Foliage is more toxic than berries"},{"name":"Gladiola","commonNames":["Many cultivars"],"scientificName":"Gladiolus species","family":"Iridaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/gladiola","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/gladiolas-r.jpg?itok=cZ_amtnT","toxicPrinciples":"Unknown","clinicalSigns":"Salivation, vomiting, drooling,lethargy, diarrhea. Highest concentration in corms (bulbs)."},{"name":"Gloriosa Lily","commonNames":["Glory Lily","Climbing Lily","Superb Lily"],"scientificName":"Gloriosa superba","family":"Liliaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/gloriosa-lily","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/glory-lily-r.jpg?itok=HzN19AQS","toxicPrinciples":"Colchicine related alkaloids","clinicalSigns":"Salivation, vomiting (bloody), diarrhea (bloody), shock, kidney failure, liver damage, bone marrow suppression."},{"name":"Gold Dieffenbachia","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Dieffenbachia picta","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/gold-dieffenbachia","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/gold-dieffenbachia-r.jpg?itok=GhaP4KMi","toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, pain and swelling of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting (not horses), difficulty swallowing"},{"name":"Gold Dust Dracaena","commonNames":["Florida Beauty"],"scientificName":"Dracaena surculosa","family":"Agavaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/gold-dust-dracaena","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/florida-beauty.jpeg?itok=41PtlSLL","toxicPrinciples":"Unknown","clinicalSigns":"In cats: dilated pupils, abdominal pain, increased heartrate and drooling. In both cats and dogs: vomiting, depression, inappetence, drooling, incoordination, and weakness."},{"name":"Golden Birds Nest","commonNames":["Snake Plant","Mother-in-Law’s Tongue","Good Luck Plant"],"scientificName":"Sansevieria trifasciata","family":"Agavaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/golden-birds-nest","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/golden-birds-nest-plant.jpg?itok=gvRiU7TI","toxicPrinciples":"Saponins","clinicalSigns":"Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea."},{"name":"Golden Pothos","commonNames":["Pothos","Devil's Ivy","Taro Vine","Ivy Arum"],"scientificName":"Epipremnum aureum","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/golden-pothos","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/devils-ivy-2-r.jpg?itok=lBogzE06","toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, intense burning and irritation of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting, difficulty swallowing."},{"name":"Golden Ragwort","commonNames":["Ragwort"],"scientificName":"Senecio species","family":"Compositae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/golden-ragwort","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/ragwort-r.jpg?itok=Qi6r-qpw","toxicPrinciples":"Pyrrolizidine alkaloids","clinicalSigns":"Horses: liver disease (must be ingested in large amount or over a long time period)"},{"name":"Good Luck Plant","commonNames":["Shamrock Plant","Sorrel"],"scientificName":"Oxalis spp.","family":null,"link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/good-luck-plant","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":null,"toxicPrinciples":"Soluble calcium oxylates","clinicalSigns":"All parts of the plant have toxic potential, although the possibility of serious effects is usually limited to ingestions of large quantities. Consuming Oxalis species can produce colic in horses, and kidney failure is possible if significant amounts are eaten."},{"name":"Grapefruit","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Citrus paradisii","family":"Rutaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/grapefruit","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/grapefruit-r.jpg?itok=MKLrUZov","toxicPrinciples":"Essential oils and psoralens","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, diarrhea, depression; potential dermatitis. Fruit is edible, skins and plant material can cause problems."},{"name":"Grass Palm","commonNames":["Giant Dracaena","Palm Lily"],"scientificName":"Cordyline australis","family":"Agavaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/grass-palm","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/grass_palm_cordyline_australis-300x200.jpg?itok=uvT_ItUE","toxicPrinciples":"Saponins","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting (occasionally with blood), depression, anorexia, hypersalivation, dilated pupils (cats)"},{"name":"Greater Ammi","commonNames":["Bishop's Weed","False Queen Anne's Lace"],"scientificName":"Ammi majus","family":"Apiaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/greater-ammi","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/greater-ammi-r.jpg?itok=Fu5dhOej","toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, intense burning and irritation of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting, difficulty swallowing"},{"name":"Green Gold Naphthysis","commonNames":["Nephthytis","Arrow-Head Vine"],"scientificName":"Syngonium podophyllum","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/green-gold-naphthysis","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/green-gold-nephthysis-r.jpg?itok=tp1555XS","toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, intense burning and irritation of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting, difficulty swallowing."},{"name":"Ground Apple","commonNames":["Chamomile","Garden Chamomile","Roman Chamomile"],"scientificName":"Anthemis nobilis","family":"Asteraceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/ground-apple","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/chamomile-r.jpg?itok=VO9UHpsL","toxicPrinciples":"Volatile oil; bisabolol, chamazulene, anthemic acid, tannic acid","clinicalSigns":"Contact dermatitis, vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia, allergic reactions. Long term use can lead to bleeding tendencies."},{"name":"Groundsel","commonNames":["Ragwort","Senecio"],"scientificName":"Senecio species","family":"Compositae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/groundsel","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/senecio_species_groundsel-300x200.jpg?itok=ODJZzePY","toxicPrinciples":"Pyrrolizidine alkaloids","clinicalSigns":"The plant is not very palatable, but will be eaten by animals with no other forage; poisonings typically occur from ingestion of green plant material or material in hay. The toxic components can cause liver failure, referred to as \"walking disease\" or \"sleepy staggers\". Signs include weight loss, weakness, sleepiness, yawning, incoordination, yellowish discoloration to mucous membranes (icterus), neurologic problems secondary to liver failure (aimless walking, chewing motions, head pressing). Animals may appear to be normal at first, then become suddenly affected; the syndrome progresses rapidly over a few days to a week. Liver damage, depression, anorexia, vomiting, diarrhea, muddy mucous membranes, weakness, ataxia."},{"name":"Hahn's Self Branching English Ivy","commonNames":["Branching Ivy","Glacier Ivy","Needlepoint Ivy","Sweetheart Ivy","California Ivy","English Ivy"],"scientificName":"Hedera helix","family":"Araliaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/hahns-self-branching-english-ivy","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":null,"toxicPrinciples":"Triterpenoid saponins (hederagenin)","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, abdominal pain, hypersalivation, diarrhea. Foliage is more toxic than berries"},{"name":"Hashish","commonNames":["Marijuana","Indian Hemp"],"scientificName":"Cannabis sativa","family":"Cannabaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/hashish","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/hashish_cannabis_sativa-300x200.jpg?itok=PubM1952","toxicPrinciples":"Delta-9-THC (tetrahydrocannabinol)","clinicalSigns":"Prolonged depression, vomiting, incoordination, sleepiness or excitation, hypersalivaton, dilated pupils, low blood pressure, low body temperature, seizure, coma, death (rare)"},{"name":"Hawaiian Ti","commonNames":["Snake Plant","Giant Dracaena"],"scientificName":"Giant Dracaena","family":"Agavaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/hawaiian-ti","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/hawaiian-ti.jpg?itok=2l6U33Y5","toxicPrinciples":"Saponins","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting (occasionally with blood), depression, anorexia, hypersalivation, dilated pupils (cats)"},{"name":"Heartleaf Philodendron","commonNames":["Cordatum","Sweetheart Plant"],"scientificName":"Philodendron hederaceum","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/heartleaf-philodendron","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/heartleaf-philodendron.jpg?itok=6lIV2aCk","toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, pain and swelling of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting (not horses), difficulty swallowing"},{"name":"Heavenly Bamboo","commonNames":["Sacred Bamboo","Nandina"],"scientificName":"Nandina domestica","family":"Berberidaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/heavenly-bamboo","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/nandina_domestica_heavenly_bamboo-300x200.jpg?itok=FdWpcgz6","toxicPrinciples":"Cyanogenic glycosides","clinicalSigns":"Weakness, incoordination, seizures, coma, respiratory failure, death (rare in pets)."},{"name":"Hellebore","commonNames":["Christmas Rose","Lenten Rose","Easter Rose"],"scientificName":"Helleborus niger","family":"Ranunculaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/hellebore","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/christmas-rose-r.jpg?itok=y0h96g6w","toxicPrinciples":"Bufadienolides, glycosides, veratrin and prtoanemonin","clinicalSigns":"Drooling, abdominal pain and diarrhea, colic, depression."},{"name":"Hercules' Club","commonNames":["Angelica Tree","Devil's Walking Stick","Prickly Ash","Prickly Elder"],"scientificName":"Aralia spinosa","family":"Araliaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/hercules-club","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/angelica-tree-r.jpg?itok=nXFNu3-q","toxicPrinciples":"Araliin","clinicalSigns":"Skin and oral irritation, hypersalivation, vomiting, diarrhea"},{"name":"Hills of Snow","commonNames":["Hydrangea","Hortensia","Seven Bark"],"scientificName":"Hydrangea arborescens","family":"Hydrangeaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/hills-snow","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/hydrangea-r.jpg?itok=alxsQZTf","toxicPrinciples":"Cyanogenic glycoside","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, depression, diarrhea. Cyanide intoxication is rare - usually produces more of a gastrointestinal disturbance."},{"name":"Holly","commonNames":["English Holly","European Holly","Oregon Holly","Inkberry","Winterberry","American Holly"],"scientificName":"Ilex opaca","family":"Aquifoliaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/holly","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/holly-r.jpg?itok=3pSFP7ea","toxicPrinciples":"saponins","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, diarrhea and depression. Leaves and berries are low toxicity."},{"name":"Horse Chestnut","commonNames":["Buckeye"],"scientificName":"Aesculus glabra","family":"Hippocastanaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/horse-chestnut","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/aesculus_glabra_horse_chestnut-300x200.jpg?itok=1H_RI6ds","toxicPrinciples":"Aesculin (a glycosidic saponin), other saponins","clinicalSigns":"Severe vomiting and diarrhea, depression or excitement, dilated pupils, coma, convulsions, wobbly"},{"name":"Horsehead Philodendron","commonNames":["Horsehead Philodendron","Lacy Tree Philodendron","Selloum","Violin Philodendron","and Fiddle Leaf Philodendron"],"scientificName":"Philodendron bipennifolium","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/horsehead-philodendron","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/horsehead_philodendron.jpg?itok=ZlId-65l","toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, intense burning and irritation of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting, difficulty swallowing."},{"name":"Horseweed","commonNames":["Showy Daisy","Fleabane","Seaside Daisy"],"scientificName":"Erigeron speciosus","family":"Asteraceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/horseweed","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/seaside-daisy-r.jpg?itok=XFtEj0zt","toxicPrinciples":"Unknown","clinicalSigns":"Mild vomiting, diarrhea."},{"name":"Hortensia","commonNames":["Hydrangea","Hills of Snow","Seven Bark"],"scientificName":"Hydrangea arborescens","family":"Hydrangeaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/hortensia","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/hydrangea-r.jpg?itok=alxsQZTf","toxicPrinciples":"Cyanogenic glycoside","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, depression, diarrhea. Cyanide intoxication is rare - usually produces more of a gastrointestinal disturbance."},{"name":"Hosta","commonNames":["Plantain Lily","Funkia"],"scientificName":"Hosta plataginea","family":"Liliaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/hosta","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/hosta-r.jpg?itok=hj37R8UO","toxicPrinciples":"Saponins","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, diarrhea, depression."},{"name":"Hurricane Plant","commonNames":["Cutleaf Philodendron","Swiss Cheese Plant","Ceriman","Mexican Breadfruit"],"scientificName":"Monstera deliciosa","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/hurricane-plant","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/cutleaf-philodendron-r.jpg?itok=b_38EQmR","toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, intense burning and irritation of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting, difficulty swallowing."},{"name":"Hyacinth","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Hyacinthus orientalis","family":"Liliaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/hyacinth","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/hyacinth-r.jpg?itok=2FwxWCFi","toxicPrinciples":"Possibly narcissus-like alkaloids","clinicalSigns":"Intense vomiting, diarrhea, occassionally with blood, depression and tremors."},{"name":"Hydrangea","commonNames":["Hortensia","Hills of Snow","Seven Bark"],"scientificName":"Hydrangea arborescens","family":"Hydrangeaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/hydrangea","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/hydrangea-2-r.jpg?itok=KmzCF9mO","toxicPrinciples":"Cyanogenic glycoside","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, depression, diarrhea. Cyanide intoxication is rare - usually produces more of a gastrointestinal disturbance."},{"name":"Impala Lily","commonNames":["Desert Rose","Mock Azalea","Sabi Star","Desert Azalea","Kudu Lily"],"scientificName":"Adenium obesum","family":"Apocynaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/impala-lily","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/impala-lily.jpg?itok=3Td5xJwp","toxicPrinciples":"Digitalis like glycosides","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia, depression, irregular heart beat, death"},{"name":"Inch Plant","commonNames":["Speedy Henry"],"scientificName":"Tradescantia flumeninsis","family":"Commelinaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/inch-plant","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/inch-plant.jpg?itok=wwJrwlBS","toxicPrinciples":null,"clinicalSigns":"Dermatitis"},{"name":"Indian Apple","commonNames":["Mayapple","Indian Apple Root","Umbrella Leaf","Wild Lemon","Hog Apple","Duck's Foot","Raccoonberry","American Mandrake"],"scientificName":"Podophyllum peltatum","family":"Berberidaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/indian-apple","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/americanmandrake.jpg?itok=Tk-dK_CN","toxicPrinciples":"Podophyllin","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, diarrhea, lethargy, panting, coma (rare); dermal - redness, skin ulcers."},{"name":"Indian Borage","commonNames":["Bread and Butter Plant","Country Borage","Spanish Thyme","Coleus","Maratha","Militini","East Indian Thyme"],"scientificName":"Coleus ampoinicus","family":"Labiatae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/indian-borage","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/spanish-thyme-r.jpg?itok=PlNasuCX","toxicPrinciples":"Essential Oils","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, diarrhea, depression, anorexia, occasionally bloody diarrhea or vomiting"},{"name":"Indian Hemp","commonNames":["Dogbane Hemp","Bitter Root"],"scientificName":"Apocynum androsaemifolium","family":"Apocynaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/indian-hemp","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/bitter-root-r_0.jpg?itok=Eo6eNozI","toxicPrinciples":"Cardenolides","clinicalSigns":"Diarrhea (possibly with blood), slow heart rate, weakness"},{"name":"Indian Hemp","commonNames":["Marijuana","Hashish"],"scientificName":"Cannabis sativa","family":"Cannabaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/indian-hemp-0","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/indian_hemp_cannabis_sativa-300x200_0.jpg?itok=P65ZOR0b","toxicPrinciples":"Delta-9-THC (tetrahydrocannabinol)","clinicalSigns":"Prolonged depression, vomiting, incoordination, sleepiness or excitation, hypersalivaton, dilated pupils, low blood pressure, low body temperature, seizure, coma, death (rare)"},{"name":"Indian Pink","commonNames":["Lobelia","Cardinal Flower"],"scientificName":"Lobelia cardinalis","family":"Campanulaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/indian-pink","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/lobelia-r.jpg?itok=giILMF8f","toxicPrinciples":"Lobeline","clinicalSigns":"Depression, diarrhea, vomiting, excessive salivation, abdominal pain, heart rhythm disturbances."},{"name":"Indian Rubber Plant","commonNames":["Fig","Weeping Fig"],"scientificName":"Ficus benjamina","family":"Moraceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/indian-rubber-plant","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/indian-rubber-plant-r.jpg?itok=lzXXOH-s","toxicPrinciples":"Proteolytic enzyme (ficin), psoralen (ficusin)","clinicalSigns":null},{"name":"Inkberry","commonNames":["English Holly","European Holly","Oregon Holly","American Holly","Winterberry"],"scientificName":"Ilex opaca","family":"Aquifoliaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/inkberry","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/ilex_opaca_inkberry-300x200.jpg?itok=Khp2TpmX","toxicPrinciples":"saponins","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, diarrhea and depression. Leaves and berries are low toxicity."},{"name":"Iris","commonNames":["Flag","Snake Lily","Water Flag"],"scientificName":"Iris species","family":"Iridaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/iris","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/iris-1-r.jpg?itok=RuaNhCxv","toxicPrinciples":"Pentacylic terpenoids (zeorin, missourin and missouriensin)","clinicalSigns":"Salivation, vomiting, drooling,lethargy, diarrhea. Highest concentration in rhizomes."},{"name":"Iron Cross Begonia","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Begonia masoniana","family":null,"link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/iron-cross-begonia","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/iron-cross-begonia.jpg?itok=mgXIbrV7","toxicPrinciples":"Soluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Kidney failure (in grazing animals), vomiting, salivation in dogs/cats. Most toxic part is underground."},{"name":"Ivy Arum","commonNames":["Pothos","Golden Pothos","Taro Vine","Devil's Ivy"],"scientificName":"Epipremnum aureum","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/ivy-arum","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/ivy-arum.jpg?itok=SOHUnguu","toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, intense burning and irritation of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting, difficulty swallowing."},{"name":"Jack-in-the-pulpit","commonNames":["Three-leaved indian turnip","Devil's dear","Wake robin","Starch wort","Wild turnip","Dragon root","Bog onion","Pepper turnip","Brown dragon","Memory root"],"scientificName":"Arisaema triphyllum","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/jack-pulpit","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/jack-in-the-pulpit-r.jpg?itok=WAbS6f4V","toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, pain and swelling of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting (not horses), difficulty swallowing"},{"name":"Jade Plant","commonNames":["Baby Jade","Dwarf rubber plant","Jade tree","Chinese rubber plant","Japanese rubber plant"],"scientificName":"Crassula argentea","family":"Crassulaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/jade-plant","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/jade-r.jpg?itok=FXH9yi89","toxicPrinciples":"Unknown","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, depression, incoordination"},{"name":"Japanese Show Lily","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Lilium speciosum","family":"Liliaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/japanese-show-lily","toxicTo":["cat"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/japanese-show-lily-r.jpg?itok=5OgPW56R","toxicPrinciples":"Unknown","clinicalSigns":"Cats: Vomiting, inappetence, lethargy, kidney failure, death."},{"name":"Japanese Yew","commonNames":["English Yew","Western Yew","Pacific Yew","Anglo-Japanese Yew"],"scientificName":"Taxus sp.","family":"Taxaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/japanese-yew","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/japanese-yew-r.jpg?itok=EaETXdIS","toxicPrinciples":"Taxine A and B, Volatile oil","clinicalSigns":"Tremors, difficulty breathing, vomiting, seizures (dogs), sudden death from acute heart failure. Early signs: muscular tremors, dyspnea, seizures in dogs."},{"name":"Jerusalem Cherry","commonNames":["Natal cherry","Winter cherry"],"scientificName":"Solanum pseudocapsicum","family":"Solanaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/jerusalem-cherry","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/jerusalem-cherry-r.jpg?itok=sF7s9elJ","toxicPrinciples":"Solanine","clinicalSigns":"Gastrointestinal disturbances, possible ulceration of the gastrointestinal system, seizures, depression, respiratory depression, and shock."},{"name":"Jerusalem Oak","commonNames":["Feather Geranium","Ambrosia Mexicana"],"scientificName":"Ambrosia mexicana","family":"Chenopodiaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/jerusalem-oak","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/ambrosia_mexicana_jerusalem_oak-300x200.jpg?itok=Pu2Bh19w","toxicPrinciples":"Sesquiterpene lactones","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, anorexia, depression"},{"name":"Jonquil","commonNames":["Daffodil","Narcissus","Paper White"],"scientificName":"Narcissus jonquilla","family":"Amaryllidaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/jonquil","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/narcissus_jonquilla_jonquils-300x200.jpg?itok=htsT4iKy","toxicPrinciples":"Lycorine and other alkaloids","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, salvation, diarrhea; large ingestions cause convulsions, low blood pressure, tremors and cardiac arrhythmias. Bulbs are the most poisonous part."},{"name":"Kaffir Lily","commonNames":["Clivia Lily"],"scientificName":"Clivia minata","family":"Amaryllidaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/kaffir-lily","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/kaffir-lily-r.jpg?itok=JoGwMhft","toxicPrinciples":"Lycorine and other alkaloids","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, salvation, diarrhea; large ingestions cause convulsions, low blood pressure, tremors and cardiac arrhythmias. Bulbs are the most poisonous part."},{"name":"Kalanchoe","commonNames":["Mother-In-Law-Plant","Devils Backbone","Chandelier Plant","Mother of Millions"],"scientificName":"Kalanchoe spp","family":"Crassulaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/kalanchoe","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/kalanchoe-r.jpg?itok=eKpEcyvY","toxicPrinciples":"Bufodienolides","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, diarrhea, abnormal heart rhythm (rare)."},{"name":"Kiss-me-quick","commonNames":["Yesterday","Today","Tomorrow","Lady-of-the-Night","Morning-Noon-and-Night","Fransiscan Rain Tree"],"scientificName":"Brunfelsia species","family":"Solanaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/kiss-me-quick","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/yesterday-today-tomorrow-r_0.jpg?itok=WpATQ7k4","toxicPrinciples":"Brunfelsamidine","clinicalSigns":"Tremors, seizures (for several days), diarrhea, vomiting, hypersalivation, lethargy, incoordination, coughing"},{"name":"Klamath Weed","commonNames":["St. John's Wort"],"scientificName":"Hypericum perforatum","family":"Clusiaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/klamath-weed","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/klamath-weed-r.jpg?itok=twwQXqNP","toxicPrinciples":"Hypericin","clinicalSigns":"Photosensitization (ulcerative and exudative dermatitis)."},{"name":"Kudu Lily","commonNames":["Desert Azalea","Mock Azalea","Sabi Star","Impala Lily","Desert Rose"],"scientificName":"Adenium obesum","family":"Apocynaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/kudu-lily","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/desert-azalea-r_0.jpg?itok=69YOEA5i","toxicPrinciples":"Digitalis like glycosides","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia, depression, irregular heart beat, death"},{"name":"Lace Fern","commonNames":["Asparagus","Emerald Feather","Emerald Fern","Sprengeri Fern","Plumosa Fern","Asparagus Fern","Racemose Asparagus","Shatavari"],"scientificName":"Asparagus densiflorus cv sprengeri","family":"Liliaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/lace-fern","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/lace-fern-r.jpg?itok=DGNxX2qe","toxicPrinciples":null,"clinicalSigns":"Allergic dermatitis with repeated dermal exposure. Berry ingestion could result in gastric upset (vomiting, abdominal pain, or diarrhea)."},{"name":"Lacy Tree Philodendron","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Philodendron selloum","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/lacy-tree-philodendron","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/lacy-tree-r.jpg?itok=dhkeTCJQ","toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, pain and swelling of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting (not horses), difficulty swallowing"},{"name":"Lady-of-the-night","commonNames":["Yesterday","Today","Tomorrow","Kiss-Me-Quick","Morning-Noon-and-Night","Fransiscan Rain Tree"],"scientificName":"Brunfelsia species","family":"Solanaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/lady-night","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/yesterday-today-tomorrow-r.jpg?itok=r7plL0Ro","toxicPrinciples":"Brunfelsamidine","clinicalSigns":"Tremors, seizures (for several days), diarrhea, vomiting, hypersalivation, lethargy, incoordination, coughing"},{"name":"Lambkill","commonNames":["Sheep Laurel"],"scientificName":"Kalmia augustifolia","family":"Ericaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/lambkill","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/lambkill-r.jpg?itok=DmyzbhH-","toxicPrinciples":"Grayanotoxin","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting (not in horses), diarrhea, weakness, cardiac failure"},{"name":"Lantana","commonNames":["Shrub Verbena","Yellow Sage","Red Sage"],"scientificName":"Lantana camara","family":"Verbenaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/lantana","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/lantana-r.jpg?itok=ez6Yqoem","toxicPrinciples":"Pentacyclic triterpenoids","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, diarrhea, labored breathing, weakness. Liver failure - more common in livestock."},{"name":"Larkspur","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Delphinium species","family":"Ranunculaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/larkspur","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/larkspur-1-r.jpg?itok=eQI9U5R-","toxicPrinciples":"Diterpene alkaloids","clinicalSigns":"Unless there is a lack of suitable forage, horses typically do not consume toxic amounts of larkspur. The toxicity of the plant may vary depending on seasonal changes and field conditions; as the plant matures, it generally becomes less toxic. The alkaloids in the plant cause neuromuscular paralysis; clinical effects include constipation, colic, increased salivation, muscle tremors, stiffness, weakness, recumbency, and convulsions. Cardiac failure may occur, as can death from respiratory paralysis."},{"name":"Laurel","commonNames":["Mountain laurel","Spoonwood","Mountain Ivy","Calico Bush","Ivy Bush"],"scientificName":"Kalmia latifolia","family":"Ericaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/laurel","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/laurel.jpg?itok=z1LvENnJ","toxicPrinciples":"Grayanotoxins","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting (not in horses), diarrhea, weakness, cardiac failure"},{"name":"Lavender","commonNames":["Common Lavender","English Lavender"],"scientificName":"Lavendula angustifolia","family":"Lamiaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/lavender","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/lavender.jpg?itok=qgBsM7pH","toxicPrinciples":"Linlool, linalyl acetate","clinicalSigns":"Nausea, vomiting (not in horses), inappetant"},{"name":"Leatherflower","commonNames":["Clematis","Virgin's Bower"],"scientificName":"Clematis sp.","family":"Ranunculaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/leatherflower","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/clematis-r.jpg?itok=FsUkj7F5","toxicPrinciples":"Irritant glycoside (Protoanemonin)","clinicalSigns":"Salivation, vomiting, diarrhea."},{"name":"Leek","commonNames":["Elephant Garlic"],"scientificName":"Allium ampeloprasum","family":"Liliaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/leek","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/leek.jpg?itok=sucsgYDE","toxicPrinciples":"N-propyl disulfide","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, breakdown of red blood cells (hemolytic anemia, Heinz body anemia), blood in urine, weakness, high heart rate, panting"},{"name":"Lemon","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Citrus limonia","family":"Rutaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/lemon","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/lemon-r.jpg?itok=lWiL_GXt","toxicPrinciples":"Essential oils and psoralens","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, diarrhea, depression; potential dermatitis. Fruit is edible, skins and plant material can cause problems."},{"name":"Lemon Grass","commonNames":["Oil Grass"],"scientificName":"Cymbopogon citratus","family":"Poaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/lemon-grass","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/lemon-grass.jpg?itok=8hpvS2WM","toxicPrinciples":"Essential oils, cyanogenic glycosides","clinicalSigns":"Dogs, cats: Stomach upset; Horses: difficulty breathing, weakness, death (rare)"},{"name":"Lemon Verbena","commonNames":["Lemon Beebrush"],"scientificName":"Aloysia triphylla","family":"Verbenaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/lemon-verbena","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/aloysia_triphylla_lemon_verbena-300x200.jpg?itok=vt9aLfYp","toxicPrinciples":"Essential oils","clinicalSigns":"Stomach upset, colic. No concerns if small amounts used in cooking or as flavoring agent."},{"name":"Lenten Rose","commonNames":["Hellebore","Christmas Rose","Easter Rose"],"scientificName":"Helleborus niger","family":"Ranunculaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/lenten-rose","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/christmas-rose-r.jpg?itok=y0h96g6w","toxicPrinciples":"Bufadienolides, glycosides, veratrin and prtoanemonin","clinicalSigns":"Drooling, abdominal pain and diarrhea, colic, depression."},{"name":"Lily","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Lilium species","family":"Liliaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/lily","toxicTo":["cat"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/lily-r.jpg?itok=ui0jyYmE","toxicPrinciples":"Unknown","clinicalSigns":"Cats: kidney failure."},{"name":"Lily of the Palace","commonNames":["Amaryllis","Fire Lily","Barbados Lily","Ridderstjerne"],"scientificName":"Hippeastrum spp.","family":"Amaryllidaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/lily-palace","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/hippeastrum_spp_barbados_lily-300x200.jpg?itok=wHaTdB95","toxicPrinciples":"Lycorine and other alkaloids","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, salvation, diarrhea; large ingestions cause convulsions, low blood pressure, tremors and cardiac arrhythmias. Bulbs are the most poisonous part."},{"name":"Lily of the Valley","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Convallaria majalis","family":"Asparagaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/lily-valley","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/lily-of-the-valley-r.jpg?itok=CC75lu1a","toxicPrinciples":"Cardenolides (convallarin, and others)","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, irregular heart beat, low blood pressure, disorientation, coma, seizures"},{"name":"Lily-of-the-Valley Bush","commonNames":["Andromeda Japonica","Pieris"],"scientificName":"Pieris japonica","family":"Ericaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/lily-valley-bush","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/pieris-1-r.jpg?itok=BdjZeDWF","toxicPrinciples":"Grayanotoxins","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, diarrhea, depression, cardiovascular collapse, hypersalivation, weakness, coma, low blood pressure, death. Ingestion of a few leaves can cause serious problems."},{"name":"Lime","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Citrus aurantifolia","family":"Rutaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/lime","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/lime-r.jpg?itok=tZF4fe8A","toxicPrinciples":"Essential oils and psoralens","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, diarrhea, depression; potential dermatitis. Fruit is edible, skins and plant material can cause problems."},{"name":"Lobelia","commonNames":["Cardinal Flower","Indian Pink"],"scientificName":"Lobelia cardinalis","family":"Campanulaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/lobelia","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/lobelia-r.jpg?itok=giILMF8f","toxicPrinciples":"Lobeline","clinicalSigns":"Depression, diarrhea, vomiting, excessive salivation, abdominal pain, heart rhythm disturbances."},{"name":"Locust","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Robinia spp.","family":"Mimosaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/locust","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/robinia_species_locust-300x200.jpg?itok=3o7unEjF","toxicPrinciples":"Toxalbumins: phasin, robin and robitin (bark, leaves and seeds)","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, depression, anorexia, weakness, difficulty breathing, diarrhea (bloody), death"},{"name":"Lord-and-Ladies","commonNames":["Arum","Wake Robin","Adam-and-Eve","Starch Root","Bobbins","Cuckoo Plant"],"scientificName":"Arum maculatum","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/lord-and-ladies","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/arum-r.jpg?itok=206UUxCJ","toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, intense burning and irritation of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting, difficulty swallowing"},{"name":"Lovage","commonNames":["Maggi plant","Smellage"],"scientificName":"Levisticum officinale","family":"Apiaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/lovage","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/lovage.jpg?itok=H_XbVbJ4","toxicPrinciples":"Volatile oils, especially phthalide lactones.","clinicalSigns":"Diuretic, increased urination"},{"name":"Madagascar Dragon Tree","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Dracaena marginata","family":"Asparagaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/madagascar-dragon-tree","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/madagascar-dragon-tree-r.jpg?itok=NV-GLR1c","toxicPrinciples":"Saponins","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting (occasionally with blood), depression, anorexia, hypersalivation, dilated pupils (cats)."},{"name":"Maidens Breath","commonNames":["Baby's Breath"],"scientificName":"Gypsophila elegans","family":"Caryophyllaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/maidens-breath","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/gypsophila_elegans_babys_breath-300x200.jpg?itok=XW_cRABp","toxicPrinciples":"Non-toxic","clinicalSigns":"Mild GI upset such as vomiting, and diarrhea may be seen if ingested."},{"name":"Malanga","commonNames":["Caladium","Elephant's Ears"],"scientificName":"Colocasia esculenta","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/malanga","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/colocasia_esculenta_malanga-300x200.jpg?itok=AsgYoRCx","toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, intense burning and irritation of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting, difficulty swallowing."},{"name":"Maleberry","commonNames":["Staggerbush","Fetterbush"],"scientificName":"Lyonia sp.","family":"Ericaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/maleberry","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/maleberry-r.jpg?itok=3Sxhjt9-","toxicPrinciples":"Grayanotoxins","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, diarrhea, depression, cardiovascular collapse, hypersalivation, weakness, coma, low blood pressure, death. Ingestion of a few leaves can cause serious problems."},{"name":"Mapleleaf Begonia","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Begonia cleopatra","family":"Begoniaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/mapleleaf-begonia","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/mapleleaf-begonia.jpg?itok=5t1bmQyQ","toxicPrinciples":"Soluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Kidney failure (in grazing animals), vomiting, salivation in dogs/cats. Most toxic part is underground."},{"name":"Marble Queen","commonNames":["Golden Pothos"],"scientificName":"Scindapsus aureus","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/marble-queen","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/marble-queen-r.jpg?itok=y8h4LcCH","toxicPrinciples":"Calcium oxalate crystals","clinicalSigns":null},{"name":"Marijuana","commonNames":["Indian Hemp","Hashish"],"scientificName":"Cannabis sativa","family":"Cannabaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/marijuana","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/hashish_cannabis_sativa-300x200.jpg?itok=PubM1952","toxicPrinciples":"Delta-9-THC (tetrahydrocannabinol)","clinicalSigns":"Prolonged depression, vomiting, incoordination, sleepiness or excitation, hypersalivaton, dilated pupils, low blood pressure, low body temperature, seizure, coma, death (rare)"},{"name":"Marjoram","commonNames":["Knotted Marjoram","Pot Marjoram"],"scientificName":"Origanum majorana","family":"Lamiaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/marjoram","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/marjoram.jpg?itok=DhFKuoCb","toxicPrinciples":"Gastrointestinal irritants","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting and diarrhea"},{"name":"Mauna Loa Peace Lily","commonNames":["Peace Lily"],"scientificName":"Spathiphyllum","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/mauna-loa-peace-lily","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/peace-lily-r_0.jpg?itok=MU-bug_v","toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, pain and swelling of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting (not horses), difficulty swallowing"},{"name":"Mayapple","commonNames":["Indian Apple Root","Umbrella Leaf","Wild Lemon","Hog Apple","Duck's Foot","Raccoonberry","American Mandrake"],"scientificName":"Podophyllum peltatum","family":"Berberidaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/mayapple","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/mayapple_podophyllum_peltatum-300x200.jpg?itok=dClr_sYz","toxicPrinciples":"Podophyllin","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, diarrhea, lethargy, panting, coma (rare); dermal - redness, skin ulcers."},{"name":"Mayweed","commonNames":["Poison Daisy","Stinking Chamomile"],"scientificName":"Anthemis cotula","family":"Asteraceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/mayweed","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/mayweed-r.jpg?itok=b59wGo46","toxicPrinciples":"Volatile oil; bisabolol, chamazulene, anthemic acid, tannic acid","clinicalSigns":"Contact dermatitis, vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia, allergic reactions. Long term use can lead to bleeding tendencies."},{"name":"Meadow Saffron","commonNames":["Autumn Crocus"],"scientificName":"Colchicum autumnale","family":"Liliaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/meadow-saffron","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/autumn-crocus-r_0.jpg?itok=YChxRiUN","toxicPrinciples":"colchicine and other alkaloids","clinicalSigns":"oral irritation, bloody vomiting, diarrhea, shock, multi-organ damage, bone marrow suppression."},{"name":"Medicine Plant","commonNames":["Aloe","True Aloe","Barbados Aloe"],"scientificName":"","family":"Aloaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/medicine-plant","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/barbados-aloe-r_0.jpg?itok=mJQ7nj5d","toxicPrinciples":"Anthraquinones, anthracene glycosides (aloin)","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, change in urine color (red)"},{"name":"Metallic Leaf Begonia","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Begonia metallica","family":"Begoniaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/metallic-leaf-begonia","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/image_0.jpg?itok=NJmUDGKj","toxicPrinciples":"Soluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Kidney failure (in grazing animals), vomiting, salivation in dogs/cats. Most toxic part is underground."},{"name":"Mexican Breadfruit","commonNames":["Cutleaf Philodendron","Hurricane Plant","Swiss Cheese Plant","Ceriman","Split-leaf Philodendron","Window Leaf Plant"],"scientificName":"Monstera deliciosa","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/mexican-breadfruit","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/cutleaf-philodendron-r_0.jpg?itok=Samjeskv","toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, intense burning and irritation of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting, difficulty swallowing."},{"name":"Milfoil","commonNames":["Yarrow"],"scientificName":"Achillea millefolium","family":"Asteraceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/milfoil","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/milfoil-r.jpg?itok=Pre-JcRd","toxicPrinciples":"Glycoalkaloids (achillein), monoterpenes, sesquiterpene lactones","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, diarrhea, depression, anorexia, hypersalivation"},{"name":"Milkweed","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Asclepias species","family":"Asclepiadaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/milkweed","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/milkweed.jpg?itok=KNGQuJYr","toxicPrinciples":"Some species contain cardiotoxins (steroidal glycosidic cardenolides) and other species contain neurotoxins.","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, profound depression, weakness, anorexia, and diarrhea are common; may be followed by seizures, difficulty breathing, rapid, weak pulse, dilated pupils, kidney or liver failure, coma, respiratory paralysis and death"},{"name":"Mint","commonNames":["Garden Mint"],"scientificName":"Mentha sp.","family":"Lamiaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/mint","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/mint_facebook.jpg?itok=-kqK0k-v","toxicPrinciples":"Essential Oils","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting and diarrhea with large ingestions"},{"name":"Mistletoe \"American\"","commonNames":["American Mistletoe"],"scientificName":"Phoradendron flavescens","family":"Viscaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/mistletoe-american","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/mistletoe-american-r.jpg?itok=DUwEqPXb","toxicPrinciples":"Toxalbumin, pharatoxin viscumin (Lectins, Phoratoxins)","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, diarrhea, low blood pressure (rare), difficulty breathing, low heart rate"},{"name":"Mock Azalea","commonNames":["Desert Rose","Desert Azalea","Sabi Star","Impala Lily","Kudu Lily"],"scientificName":"Adenium obesum","family":"Apocynaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/mock-azalea","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/desert-azalea-r_0.jpg?itok=69YOEA5i","toxicPrinciples":"Digitalis like glycosides","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia, depression, irregular heart beat, death"},{"name":"Mole Bean Plant","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Ricinus communis","family":"Euphobiaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/mole-bean-plant","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/african-wonder-tree-1-r_0.jpg?itok=6Woh5uue","toxicPrinciples":"Ricin (highly toxic)","clinicalSigns":"Access to ornamental plants or pruned foliage most common in poisonings. Ricin is a highly toxic component that inhibits protein synthesis; ingestion of as little as one ounce of seeds can be lethal. Signs typically develop 12 to 48 hours after ingestion, and include loss of appetite, excessive thirst, weakness, colic, trembling, sweating, loss of coordination, difficulty breathing, progressive central nervous system depression, and fever. As syndrome progresses, bloody diarrhea may occur, and convulsions and coma can precede death."},{"name":"Morning Glory","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Ipomoea spp","family":"Convolvulaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/morning-glory","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/morning-glory-2-r.jpg?itok=up4j882q","toxicPrinciples":"Indole alkaloids (Lysergic acid, lysergamide, elymoclavine and chanoclavine)","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, large amounts of seeds may cause hallucinations"},{"name":"Morning-Noon-and-Night","commonNames":["Yesterday","Today","Tomorrow","Kiss-Me-Quick","Lady-of-the-Night","Fransiscan Rain Tree"],"scientificName":"Brunfelsia species","family":"Solanaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/morning-noon-and-night","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/yesterday-today-tomorrow-r_0.jpg?itok=WpATQ7k4","toxicPrinciples":"Brunfelsamidine","clinicalSigns":"Tremors, seizures (for several days), diarrhea, vomiting, hypersalivation, lethargy, incoordination, coughing"},{"name":"Moss Rose","commonNames":["Wild Portulaca","Rock Moss","Purslane","Pigwee","Pusley"],"scientificName":"Portulaca oleracea","family":"Portulacaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/moss-rose","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/moss-rose-r.jpg?itok=znzVwgFV","toxicPrinciples":"Soluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Kidney failure (rare in dogs/cats), tremors, salivation."},{"name":"Mother of Millions","commonNames":["Mother-In-Law-Plant","Kalanchoe","Devils Backbone","Chandelier Plant"],"scientificName":"Kalanchoe tubiflora","family":"Crassulaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/mother-millions","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/mother-of-millions.jpg?itok=ymMiqawt","toxicPrinciples":"Bufodienolides","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, diarrhea, abnormal heart rhythm (rare)."},{"name":"Mother-in-Law","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Monstera deliciosa","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/mother-law","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/cutleaf-philodendron-r_1.jpg?itok=bJVDgLcy","toxicPrinciples":"Calcium oxalate crystals","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, intense burning and irritation of the mouth, lips, tongue, excessive drooling, vomiting, difficulty in swallowing."},{"name":"Mother-In-Law Plant","commonNames":["Mother of Millions","Kalanchoe","Devils Backbone","Chandelier Plant"],"scientificName":"Kalanchoe tubiflora","family":"Crassulaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/mother-law-plant","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":null,"toxicPrinciples":"Bufodienolides","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, diarrhea, abnormal heart rhythm (rare)."},{"name":"Mother-in-Law’s Tongue","commonNames":["Snake Plant","Golden Bird's Nest","Good Luck Plant"],"scientificName":"Sansevieria trifasciata","family":"Agavaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/mother-laws-tongue","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":null,"toxicPrinciples":"Saponins","clinicalSigns":"Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea."},{"name":"Mum","commonNames":["Chrysanthemum","Daisy"],"scientificName":"Chrysanthemum spp.","family":"Compositae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/mum","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/chrysanthemum-r.jpg?itok=2KBT7onE","toxicPrinciples":"Sesquiterpene, lactones, pyrethrins and other potential irritants","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, diarrhea, hypersalivation, incoordination, dermatitis"},{"name":"Naked Lady","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Amaryllis spp.","family":"Amaryllidaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/naked-lady","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/naked-lady-r.jpg?itok=8V6_alez","toxicPrinciples":"Lycorine and other alkaloids","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting (not horses), depression, diarrhea, abdominal pain, hypersalivation, anorexia, tremors."},{"name":"Nandina","commonNames":["Sacred Bamboo","Heavenly Bamboo"],"scientificName":"Nandina domestica","family":"Berberidaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/nandina","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/nandina_domestica_nandina-300x200.jpg?itok=U1oqo29B","toxicPrinciples":"Cyanogenic glycosides","clinicalSigns":"Weakness, incoordination, seizures, coma, respiratory failure, death (rare in pets)."},{"name":"Narcissus","commonNames":["Daffodil","Jonquil","Paper White"],"scientificName":"Narcissus spp","family":"Amaryllidaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/narcissus","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/narcissus_narcissus_sp-300x200.jpg?itok=LAgDq5aY","toxicPrinciples":"Lycorine and other alkaloids","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, salvation, diarrhea; large ingestions cause convulsions, low blood pressure, tremors and cardiac arrhythmias. Bulbs are the most poisonous part."},{"name":"Nasturtium (Watercress)","commonNames":["Watercress","Brunnenkress"],"scientificName":"Nasturtium officinale","family":"Brassicaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/nasturtium-watercress","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":null,"toxicPrinciples":"Gastrointestinal irritants","clinicalSigns":"Mild vomiting and diarrhea"},{"name":"Needlepoint Ivy","commonNames":["Branching Ivy","Glacier Ivy","English Ivy","Sweetheart Ivy","California Ivy"],"scientificName":"Hedera helix","family":"Araliaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/needlepoint-ivy","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/needlepoint-ivy-r.jpg?itok=bq2G3kI5","toxicPrinciples":"Triterpenoid saponins (hederagenin)","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, abdominal pain, hypersalivation, diarrhea. Foliage is more toxic than berries"},{"name":"Nephthytis","commonNames":["Arrow-Head Vine","Green Gold Naphthysis","African Evergreen","Trileaf Wonder"],"scientificName":"Syngonium podophyllum","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/nephthytis","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/arrow-head-vine-r.jpg?itok=GoEmkIO6","toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, pain and swelling of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting (not horses), difficulty swallowing"},{"name":"Nicotiana","commonNames":["Tree Tobacco","Tobacco","Mustard Tree"],"scientificName":"Nicotiana glauca","family":"Solanaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/nicotiana","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/tobacco-r.jpg?itok=S_5rNe9r","toxicPrinciples":"Nicotine","clinicalSigns":"Hyperexcitability then depression, vomiting, incoordination, paralysis, death is possible."},{"name":"Nightshade","commonNames":["Deadly Nightshade","Black Nightshade"],"scientificName":"Solanum spp","family":"Solanaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/nightshade","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/deadly-nightshade-r.jpg?itok=D2n28ufo","toxicPrinciples":"Solanine, saponins, atropine like substances","clinicalSigns":"Hypersalivation, inappetence, severe gastrointestinal upset, diarrhea, drowsiness, CNS depression, confusion, behavioral change, weakness, dilated pupils, slow heart rate."},{"name":"Octopus Tree","commonNames":["Schefflera","Umbrella Tree","Australian Ivy Palm","Starleaf"],"scientificName":"Schefflera or Brassia actinoplylla","family":"Araliaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/octopus-tree","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/octopus-tree.jpg?itok=BDnT19Ds","toxicPrinciples":"Terpenoids, saponins, insoluble oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Mild vomiting, diarrhea."},{"name":"Oilcloth Flower","commonNames":["Flamingo Plant","Flamingo Lily","Tail Flower","Pigtail Plant","Flamingo Flower","Painter's Pallet"],"scientificName":"Anthurium scherzeranum","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/oilcloth-flower","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/flamingo-plant-r.jpg?itok=YtLpSaN7","toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, intense burning and irritation of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting, difficulty swallowing"},{"name":"Oleander","commonNames":["Rose-Bay"],"scientificName":"Nerium oleander","family":"Apocynaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/oleander","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/oleander-2-r.jpg?itok=iwmME_p_","toxicPrinciples":"Cardiac glycosides","clinicalSigns":"Drooling, abdominal pain, diarrhea, colic, depression, death"},{"name":"Onion","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Allium cepa","family":"Liliaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/onion","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/onion-r.jpg?itok=twGxXF2u","toxicPrinciples":"N-propyl disulfide","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, breakdown of red blood cells (hemolytic anemia, Heinz body anemia), blood in urine, weakness, high heart rate, panting"},{"name":"Orange","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Citrus sinensis","family":"Rutaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/orange","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/orange-r.jpg?itok=GBUV-AQk","toxicPrinciples":"Essential oils and psoralens","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, diarrhea, depression; potential dermatitis. Fruit is edible, skins and plant material can cause problems."},{"name":"Orange Day Lily","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Hemerocallis graminea","family":"Liliaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/orange-day-lily","toxicTo":["cat"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/orange-daylily-r.jpg?itok=VoGu7CmM","toxicPrinciples":"Unknown","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, inappetence, lethargy, kidney failure, and death is possible. Cats are only species known to be affected."},{"name":"Oregano","commonNames":["Greek Oregano"],"scientificName":"Origanum vulgare hirtum","family":"Lamiaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/oregano","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/oregano.jpg?itok=2I3EUcWn","toxicPrinciples":"Gastrointestinal irritants","clinicalSigns":"Mild vomiting and diarrhea"},{"name":"Oregon Holly","commonNames":["English Holly","European Holly","Inkberry","American Holly","Winterberry"],"scientificName":"Ilex opaca","family":"Aquifoliaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/oregon-holly","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/ilex_opaca_oregon_holly-300x200.jpg?itok=x5Yd9uaC","toxicPrinciples":"saponins","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, diarrhea and depression. Leaves and berries are low toxicity."},{"name":"Ornamental Pepper","commonNames":["Natal Cherry","Winter Cherry","Jerusalem Cherry"],"scientificName":"Solanum pseudocapsicum","family":"Solanaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/ornamental-pepper","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/jerusalem-cherry-r.jpg?itok=sF7s9elJ","toxicPrinciples":"Solanine","clinicalSigns":"Gastrointestinal disturbances, possible ulceration of the gastrointestinal system, seizures, depression, respiratory depression, and shock."},{"name":"Pacific Yew","commonNames":["English Yew","Western Yew","Japanese Yew","Anglo-Japanese Yew"],"scientificName":"Taxus brevifolia","family":"Taxaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/pacific-yew","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/pacific-yew-r.jpg?itok=Yk9B2BZK","toxicPrinciples":"Taxine A and B, Volatile oil","clinicalSigns":"Tremors, difficulty breathing, vomiting, seizures (dogs), sudden death from acute heart failure."},{"name":"Painter's Pallette","commonNames":["Flamingo Plant","Flamingo Lily","Tail Flower","Oilcloth Flower","Pigtail Plant","Flamingo Flower"],"scientificName":"Anthurium scherzeranum","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/painters-pallette","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/flamingo-plant-r.jpg?itok=YtLpSaN7","toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, intense burning and irritation of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting, difficulty swallowing"},{"name":"Palm Lily","commonNames":["Giant Dracaena","Grass palm"],"scientificName":"Cordyline australis","family":"Agavaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/palm-lily","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/cordyline_australis_palm_lily-300x200.jpg?itok=-NWF0jUn","toxicPrinciples":"Saponins","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting (occasionally with blood), depression, anorexia, hypersalivation, dilated pupils (cats)"},{"name":"Panda Plant","commonNames":["Horsehead Philodendron","Cordatum","Heartleaf Philodendron","Panda Plant","Split Leaf Philodendron","Fruit Salad Plant","Red Emerald","Red Princess","Saddle Leaf ","Fiddle-leaf"],"scientificName":"Philodendron bipennifolium","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/panda-plant","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":null,"toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, intense burning and irritation of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting, difficulty swallowing."},{"name":"Paper White","commonNames":["Daffodil","Jonquil","Narcissus"],"scientificName":"Narcissus spp","family":"Amaryllidaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/paper-white","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/paper_whites_narcissus-300x200.jpg?itok=4wXHR1HC","toxicPrinciples":"Lycorine and other alkaloids","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, salvation, diarrhea; large ingestions cause convulsions, low blood pressure, tremors and cardiac arrhythmias. Bulbs are the most poisonous part."},{"name":"Paraguayan Jasmine","commonNames":["Yesterday","Today","Tomorrow","Lady-of-the-Night","Morning-Noon-and-Night","Kiss-Me-Quick ","Fransiscan Rain Tree"],"scientificName":"Brunfelsia species","family":"Solanaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/paraguayan-jasmine","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/yesterday-today-tomorrow-r_0.jpg?itok=WpATQ7k4","toxicPrinciples":"Brunfelsamidine","clinicalSigns":"Tremors, seizures (for several days), diarrhea, vomiting, hypersalivation, lethargy, incoordination, coughing"},{"name":"Parsley","commonNames":["Italian Parsley","Hamburg Parsley","Turnip-rooted Parsley"],"scientificName":"Petroselinum crispum","family":"Apiaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/parsley","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/parsley.jpg?itok=YVHSQ14z","toxicPrinciples":"Furanocoumarins","clinicalSigns":"Photosensitization (sunburn, dermatitis), large amounts are needed to cause this effect"},{"name":"Peace Begonia","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Begonia rex 'peace'","family":"Begoniaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/peace-begonia","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/peace-begonia.jpg?itok=Noruf9B-","toxicPrinciples":"Soluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Kidney failure (in grazing animals), vomiting, salivation in dogs/cats. Most toxic part is underground."},{"name":"Peace Lily","commonNames":["Mauna Loa Peace Lily"],"scientificName":"Spathiphyllum","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/peace-lily","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/peace-lily-r.jpg?itok=SD7mt4ss","toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, intense burning and irritation of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting, difficulty swallowing."},{"name":"Peach","commonNames":["Similar plants: Plum","Apricot","Cherry"],"scientificName":"Prunus persica","family":"Rosaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/peach","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/peach_prunus_sp-300x200.jpg?itok=nuRVq0U0","toxicPrinciples":"Cyanogenic glycosides found in some species","clinicalSigns":"Stems, leaves, seeds contain cyanide, particularly toxic in the process of wilting: brick red mucous membranes, dilated pupils, difficulty breathing, panting, shock."},{"name":"Peacock Flower","commonNames":["Barbados Pride","Dwarf Poinciana"],"scientificName":"Caesalpinia pulcherrima","family":"Fabaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/peacock-flower","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/peacock-flower-r.jpg?itok=6jJnhTxy","toxicPrinciples":"GI Irritants, Tannins","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting and diarrhea."},{"name":"Pencil Cactus","commonNames":["Sticks of Fire"],"scientificName":"Euphorbia tirucalli","family":"Euphorbiaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/pencil-cactus","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/pencil-cactus-r.jpg?itok=KHZde8aq","toxicPrinciples":"Irritant Sap (latex)","clinicalSigns":"Irritating to the mouth and stomach, sometimes causing vomiting, but generally over-rated in toxicity."},{"name":"Peony","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Paeonis officinalis","family":"Paeniaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/peony","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/peony-r.jpg?itok=Awl9mCtq","toxicPrinciples":"Paeonol","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, diarrhea, depression"},{"name":"Perennial Pea","commonNames":["Sweet Pea","Everlasting Pea"],"scientificName":"Lathyrus latifolius","family":"Fabaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/perennial-pea","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/sweet-pea-r.jpg?itok=f3_YX7vm","toxicPrinciples":"Aminoproprionitrite","clinicalSigns":"Weakness, lethargy, pacing, head pressing, tremors, seizures and possibly death."},{"name":"Periwinkle","commonNames":["Running Myrtle. Vinca"],"scientificName":"Vinca rosea","family":"Apocynaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/periwinkle","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/vinca_rosea_periwinkle-300x200.jpg?itok=EysDZKuB","toxicPrinciples":"Vinca Alkaloids","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, diarrhea, low blood pressure, depression, tremors, seizures, coma, death."},{"name":"Philodendron Pertusum","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Philodendron spp","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/philodendron-pertusum","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/philodendron-pertusum.jpg?itok=DklKCaZS","toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, pain and swelling of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting (not horses), difficulty swallowing"},{"name":"Pie Plant","commonNames":["Rhubarb"],"scientificName":"Rheum rhabarbarium","family":"Polygonaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/pie-plant","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/rhubarb-r.jpg?itok=6XoJ2h6H","toxicPrinciples":"Soluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Kidney failure (in grazing animals), vomiting, salivation in dogs/cats. Most toxic parts are leaves and roots."},{"name":"Pieris","commonNames":["Lily-of-the-Valley Bush","Andromeda Japonica","Fetterbush"],"scientificName":"Pieris japonica","family":"Ericaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/pieris","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/pieris_japonica_andromeda_japonica-300x200.jpg?itok=wUjFsOt6","toxicPrinciples":"Grayanotoxins","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, diarrhea, depression, cardiovascular collapse, hypersalivation, weakness, coma, low blood pressure, cardiovascular collapse and death. Ingestion of a few leaves can cause serious problems."},{"name":"Pig Lily","commonNames":["Calla Lily","Arum Lily","White Arum","Trumpet Lily","Florist's Calla","Garden Calla"],"scientificName":"Zantedeschia aethiopica","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/pig-lily","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/arum-lily-r.jpg?itok=UAK_hrAS","toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, intense burning and irritation of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting, difficulty swallowing"},{"name":"Pigtail Plant","commonNames":["Flamingo Plant","Flamingo Lily","Tail Flower","Oilcloth Flower","Painter's Pallet","Flamingo Flower"],"scientificName":"Anthurium scherzeranum","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/pigtail-plant","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/flamingo-plant-r.jpg?itok=YtLpSaN7","toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, intense burning and irritation of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting, difficulty swallowing"},{"name":"Pink Pearl","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Begonia semperflorens cultivar","family":"Begoniaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/pink-pearl","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/pink-pearl.jpg?itok=SNq8_1RH","toxicPrinciples":"Soluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Kidney failure (rare in dogs/cats), tremors, salivation."},{"name":"Pinks","commonNames":["Carnation","Wild Carnation","Sweet William"],"scientificName":"Dianthus caryophyllus","family":"Caryophyllaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/pinks","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/wild-carnation-r.jpg?itok=g3tTYBLY","toxicPrinciples":"Unknown irritant","clinicalSigns":"Mild gastrointestinal signs, mild dermatitis"},{"name":"Plantain Lily","commonNames":["Hosta"],"scientificName":"Hosta plantaginea","family":"Liliaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/plantain-lily","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/hosta-r.jpg?itok=hj37R8UO","toxicPrinciples":"Saponins","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, diarrhea, depression."},{"name":"Plum","commonNames":["similar plants: apricot","peach","cherry"],"scientificName":"Prunus domestica","family":"Rosaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/plum","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/plum.jpg?itok=UL63tlVL","toxicPrinciples":"Cyanogenic glycosides found in some species","clinicalSigns":"Stems, leaves, seeds contain cyanide, particularly toxic in the process of wilting: brick red mucous membranes, dilated pupils, difficulty breathing, panting, shock."},{"name":"Plumosa Fern","commonNames":["Asparagus","Emerald Feather","Emerald Fern","Sprengeri Fern","Asparagus Fern","Lace Fern","Racemose Asparagus","Shatavari"],"scientificName":"Asparagus densiflorus cv sprengeri","family":"Liliaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/plumosa-fern","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/asparagus_densiflorus_cv_sprengeri_plumosa_fern-300x200.jpg?itok=pZyWsfu2","toxicPrinciples":null,"clinicalSigns":"Allergic dermatitis with repeated dermal exposure. Berry ingestion could result in gastric upset (vomiting, abdominal pain, or diarrhea)."},{"name":"Poinciana","commonNames":["Peacock Flower","Bird of Paradise","Barbados Pride","Pride of Barbados"],"scientificName":"Caesalpinia gilliessi","family":"Leguminosae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/poinciana","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/poinciana-r.jpg?itok=63gtk7vi","toxicPrinciples":"GI irritants","clinicalSigns":"Intense burning and irritation of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting, diarrhea, difficulty swallowing, incoordination (rare)"},{"name":"Poinsettia","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Euphorbia pulcherrima","family":"Euphorbiaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/poinsettia","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/poinsettia.jpg?itok=X53rYw5d","toxicPrinciples":"Irritant sap","clinicalSigns":"Irritating to the mouth and stomach, sometimes causing vomiting, but generally over-rated in toxicity."},{"name":"Poison Daisy","commonNames":["Mayweed","Stinking Chamomile"],"scientificName":"Anthemis cotula","family":"Asteraceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/poison-daisy","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/mayweed-r.jpg?itok=b59wGo46","toxicPrinciples":"Volatile oil; bisabolol, chamazulene, anthemic acid, tannic acid","clinicalSigns":"Contact dermatitis, vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia, allergic reactions. Long term use can lead to bleeding tendencies."},{"name":"Poison Hemlock","commonNames":["Poison Parsley","Spotted Hemlock","Winter Fern","California Fern","Nebraska Fern","Deadly Hemlock"],"scientificName":"Conium maculatum","family":"Umbelliferae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/poison-hemlock","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/poison-hemlock-r.jpg?itok=cE4fiLPU","toxicPrinciples":"Various alkaloids","clinicalSigns":"Agitation, tremors, drooling, diarrhea, paralysis, death"},{"name":"Poison Parsnip","commonNames":["water hemlock","cowbane"],"scientificName":"Cicuta maculata","family":"Apiaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/poison-parsnip","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/cowbane-r.jpg?itok=9ifZrOK_","toxicPrinciples":"Cicutoxin","clinicalSigns":"Diarrhea, seizures, tremors, extreme stomach pain, dilated pupils, fever, bloat, respiratory depression, and death."},{"name":"Portulaca","commonNames":["Wild Portulaca","Rock Moss","Purslane","Pigwee","Pusley","Moss Rose"],"scientificName":"Portulaca oleracea","family":"Portulacaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/portulaca","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/moss-rose-r.jpg?itok=znzVwgFV","toxicPrinciples":"Soluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Muscle weakness, depression, diarrhea"},{"name":"Prayer Bean","commonNames":["Rosary Pea","Buddhist Rosary Bead","Indian Bead","Indian Licorice","Love Bean","Lucky Bean","Seminole Bead","Weather Plant","Precatory Bean"],"scientificName":"Abrus precatorius","family":"Leguminosae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/prayer-bean","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/precatory-bean-r.jpg?itok=vS0AXMNC","toxicPrinciples":"Abrin (lectin or a toxalbumin) and abric acid (a glycoside)","clinicalSigns":"Severe vomiting and diarrhea (sometimes bloody), tremors, high heart rate, fever, shock, death. Seeds are very toxic (seed coat must be broken)."},{"name":"Pride-of-India","commonNames":["China Ball Tree","Paradise Tree","Persian Lilac","White Cedar","Japanese Bead Tree","Texas Umbrella Tree","Bead Tree","Chinaberry Tree"],"scientificName":"Melia azedarach","family":"Meliaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/pride-india","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/bead-tree-r.jpg?itok=fcSfmLRT","toxicPrinciples":"Tetranortriterpenes (meliatoxins)","clinicalSigns":"Diarrhea, vomiting, salivation, depression, weakness, and seizures. Ripe fruit (berries) most toxic but also bark, leaves, and flowers."},{"name":"Primrose","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Primula vulgaris","family":"Primulaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/primrose","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/primrose-r.jpg?itok=mdyZ4fEr","toxicPrinciples":"Unknown","clinicalSigns":"Mild vomiting"},{"name":"Privet","commonNames":["amur","wax-leaf","common privet"],"scientificName":"Ligustrum japonicum","family":"Oleaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/privet","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/common-privet-r.jpg?itok=HzT5-Vmr","toxicPrinciples":"Terpenoid glycosides","clinicalSigns":"Gastrointestinal upset (most common), incoordination, increased heart rate, death (rare)."},{"name":"Purslane","commonNames":["Wild Portulaca","Rock Moss","Portulaca","Pigwee","Pusley","Moss Rose"],"scientificName":"Portulaca oleracea","family":"Portulacaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/purslane","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/portulaca_oleracea_purslane-300x200.jpg?itok=MK9EVpp0","toxicPrinciples":"Soluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":null},{"name":"Racemose asparagus","commonNames":["Asparagus","Emerald Feather","Emerald Fern","Sprengeri Fern","Plumosa Fern","Lace Fern","Asparagus Fern","Shatavari"],"scientificName":"Asparagus densiflorus cv sprengeri","family":"Liliaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/racemose-asparagus","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/asparagus-fern-r.jpg?itok=YNshxWGZ","toxicPrinciples":null,"clinicalSigns":"allergic dermatitis with repeated dermal exposure. Berry ingestion could result in gastric upset (vomiting, abdominal pain, or diarrhea.)"},{"name":"Ragwort","commonNames":["Golden Ragwort","Tansy"],"scientificName":"Senecio species","family":"Compositae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/ragwort","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/ragwort-r.jpg?itok=Qi6r-qpw","toxicPrinciples":"Pyrrolizidine alkaloids","clinicalSigns":"The plant is not very palatable, but will be eaten by animals with no other forage; poisonings typically occur from ingestion of green plant material or material in hay. The toxic components can cause liver failure, referred to as \"walking disease\" or \"sleepy staggers\". Signs include weight loss, weakness, sleepiness, yawning, incoordination, yellowish discoloration to mucous membranes (icterus), neurologic problems secondary to liver failure (aimless walking, chewing motions, head pressing). Animals may appear to be normal at first, then become suddenly affected; the syndrome progresses rapidly over a few days to a week. Liver damage, depression, anorexia, vomiting, diarrhea, muddy mucous membranes, weakness, ataxia."},{"name":"Ranger's Button","commonNames":["White Heads"],"scientificName":"Sphenosciadium capitellatum","family":"Apiaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/rangers-button","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/rangers-button-r.jpg?itok=RymZjt3o","toxicPrinciples":"Furanocoumarins","clinicalSigns":"Photosensitization (sunburn, dermatitis), large amounts are needed to cause this effect"},{"name":"Red Emerald","commonNames":["Horsehead Philodendron","Cordatum","Heartleaf Philodendron","Panda Plant","Split Leaf Philodendron","Fruit Salad Plant","Fiddle Leaf","Red Princess","Saddle Leaf"],"scientificName":"Philodendron bipennifolium","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/red-emerald","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":null,"toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, intense burning and irritation of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting, difficulty swallowing."},{"name":"Red Lily","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Lilium umbellatum","family":"Liliaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/red-lily","toxicTo":["cat"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/red-lily-r.jpg?itok=mkD-H1ND","toxicPrinciples":"Unknown","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, inappetence, lethargy, kidney failure, and death is possible. Cats are only species known to be affected."},{"name":"Red Princess","commonNames":["Horsehead Philodendron","Cordatum","Heartleaf Philodendron","Panda Plant","Split Leaf Philodendron","Fruit Salad Plant","Fiddle Leaf","Red Emerald","Saddle Leaf"],"scientificName":"Philodendron bipennifolium","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/red-princess","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":null,"toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, intense burning and irritation of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting, difficulty swallowing."},{"name":"Red-Marginated Dracaena","commonNames":["straight-marginated dracaena"],"scientificName":"Dracaena marginata","family":"Agavaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/red-marginated-dracaena","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/red-margined-dracaena-r.jpg?itok=7AQi3H3b","toxicPrinciples":"Unknown","clinicalSigns":"In cats: dilated pupils, abdominal pain, increased heartrate and drooling. In both cats and dogs: vomiting, depression, inappetence, drooling, incoordination, and weakness."},{"name":"Rex Begonia","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Begonia rex","family":"Begoniaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/rex-begonia","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/rex-begonia.jpg?itok=Sw2VeSbS","toxicPrinciples":"Soluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Kidney failure (in grazing animals), vomiting, salivation in dogs/cats. Most toxic part is underground."},{"name":"Rhododendron","commonNames":["Rosebay","Azalea"],"scientificName":"Rhododendron spp","family":"Ericaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/rhododendron","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/rhododendron-rosebay-2-r.jpg?itok=RBKah_4j","toxicPrinciples":"Grayantoxin","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, diarrhea, hypersalivation, weakness, coma, hypotension, CNS depression, cardiovascular collapse and death. Ingestion of a few leaves can cause serious problems. Rhododendron is typically not very palatable to horses unless it is the only forage available, but sheep and goats may graze readily on the plant. The toxic principle interferes with normal skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle and nerve function. Clinical effects typically occur within a few hours after ingestion, and can include acute digestive upset, excessive drooling, loss of appetite, frequent bowel movements/diarrhea, colic, depression, weakness, loss of coordination, stupor, leg paralysis, weak heart rate and recumbency for 2 or more days; at this point, improvement may be seen or the animal may become comatose and die."},{"name":"Rhubarb","commonNames":["Pie Plant"],"scientificName":"Rheum rhabarbarium","family":"Polygonaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/rhubarb","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/rhubarb-r.jpg?itok=6XoJ2h6H","toxicPrinciples":"Soluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Kidney failure, tremors, salivation."},{"name":"Ribbon Plant","commonNames":["Corn Plant","Cornstalk Plant","Dracaena","Dragon Tree"],"scientificName":"Dracaena spp.","family":"Agavaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/ribbon-plant","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/ribbon-plant.jpg?itok=2HabXden","toxicPrinciples":"Saponins","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting (occasionally with blood), depression, anorexia, hypersalivation, dilated pupils (cats)."},{"name":"Ridderstjerne","commonNames":["Amaryllis","Fire Lily","Lily of the Palace","Barbados Lily"],"scientificName":"Hippeastrum spp.","family":"Amaryllidaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/ridderstjerne","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/ridderstjerne.jpg?itok=b5dEBOKu","toxicPrinciples":"Lycorine and other alkaloids","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, salvation, diarrhea; large ingestions cause convulsions, low blood pressure, tremors and cardiac arrhythmias. Bulbs are the most poisonous part."},{"name":"Rock Moss","commonNames":["Wild Portulaca","Moss Rose","Purslane","Pigwee","Pusley"],"scientificName":"Portulaca oleracea","family":"Portulacaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/rock-moss","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/portulaca_oleracea_rock_moss-300x200.jpg?itok=kjJkkJZz","toxicPrinciples":"Soluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":null},{"name":"Roman Chamomile","commonNames":["Chamomile","Garden Chamomile","Ground Apple"],"scientificName":"Anthemis nobilis","family":"Asteraceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/roman-chamomile","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/anthemis_nobilis_roman_chamomile-300x200.jpg?itok=ND2BIBHU","toxicPrinciples":"Volatile oil; bisabolol, chamazulene, anthemic acid, tannic acid","clinicalSigns":"Contact dermatitis, vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia, allergic reactions. Long term use can lead to bleeding tendencies."},{"name":"Rosebay","commonNames":["Rhododendron","Azalea"],"scientificName":"Rhododendron spp","family":"Ericaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/rosebay","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/azalea-r.jpg?itok=GfsHla4t","toxicPrinciples":"Grayantoxin","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, diarrhea, hypersalivation, weakness, coma, hypotension, CNS depression, cardiovascular collapse and death. Ingestion of a few leaves can cause serious problems. Rhododendron is typically not very palatable to horses unless it is the only forage available, but sheep and goats may graze readily on the plant. The toxic principle interferes with normal skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle and nerve function. Clinical effects typically occur within a few hours after ingestion, and can include acute digestive upset, excessive drooling, loss of appetite, frequent bowel movements/diarrhea, colic, depression, weakness, loss of coordination, stupor, leg paralysis, weak heart rate and recumbency for 2 or more days; at this point, improvement may be seen or the animal may become comatose and die."},{"name":"Rubrum Lily","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Lilium speciosum","family":"Liliaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/rubrum-lily","toxicTo":["cat"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/rubrum-lily-r.jpg?itok=mLrRJ6uk","toxicPrinciples":"Unknown","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, inappetence, lethargy, kidney failure, and death is possible. Cats are only species known to be affected."},{"name":"Running Myrtle","commonNames":["Periwinkle","Vinca"],"scientificName":"Vinca rosea","family":"Apocynaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/running-myrtle","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/vinca-r.jpg?itok=RBll_NvM","toxicPrinciples":"Vinca Alkaloids","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, diarrhea, low blood pressure, depression, tremors, seizures, coma, death."},{"name":"Sabi Star","commonNames":["Desert Azalea","Mock Azalea","Desert Rose","Impala Lily","Kudu Lily"],"scientificName":"Adenium obesum","family":"Apocynaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/sabi-star","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/desert-azalea-r_0.jpg?itok=69YOEA5i","toxicPrinciples":"Digitalis like glycosides","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia, depression, irregular heart beat, death"},{"name":"Sacred Bamboo","commonNames":["Heavenly Bamboo","Nandina"],"scientificName":"Nandina domestica","family":"Berberidaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/sacred-bamboo","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/nandina_domestica_sacred_bamboo-300x200.jpg?itok=a70cp8aM","toxicPrinciples":"Cyanogenic glycosides","clinicalSigns":"Weakness, incoordination, seizures, coma, respiratory failure, death (rare in pets)."},{"name":"Saddle Leaf","commonNames":["Horsehead Philodendron","Cordatum","Heartleaf Philodendron","Panda Plant","Split Leaf Philodendron","Fruit Salad Plant","Red Emerald","Red Princess","Fiddle Leaf"],"scientificName":"Philodendron bipennifolium","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/saddle-leaf","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/saddle-leaf-philodendron-r.jpg?itok=DPbHeBKb","toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, intense burning and irritation of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting, difficulty swallowing."},{"name":"Sago Palm","commonNames":["Coontie Palm","Cardboard Palm","cycads and zamias"],"scientificName":"Cycas revoluta, zamia species","family":"Cycadaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/sago-palm","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/sago-palm-r.jpg?itok=xRE_oPrX","toxicPrinciples":"Cycasin","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, melena, icterus, increased thirst, hemorrhagic gastroenteritis, bruising, coagulopathy, liver damage, liver failure, death."},{"name":"Satin Pothos","commonNames":["Silk Pothos"],"scientificName":"Scindapsus pictus","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/satin-pothos","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/satin-pothos-r.jpg?itok=023rRLLI","toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, pain and swelling of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting (not horses), difficulty swallowing"},{"name":"Scented Geranium","commonNames":["Geraniums"],"scientificName":"Pelargonium sp.","family":"Geranilea","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/scented-geranium","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/pelargonium_scented_geranium-300x200.jpg?itok=uZTD--xQ","toxicPrinciples":"Essential Oils","clinicalSigns":"Primarily GI upset. Could also see ataxia, muscle weakness, depression or hypothermia in larger exposures, cats are most sensitive."},{"name":"Schefflera","commonNames":["Umbrella Tree","Australian Ivy Palm","Octopus Tree","Starleaf"],"scientificName":"Schefflera","family":"Araliaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/schefflera","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/schefflera_schefflera-300x200.jpg?itok=l5BO_hYS","toxicPrinciples":"Calcium oxalate crystals","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, intense burning and irritation of the mouth, lips, tongue, excessive drooling, vomiting, difficulty in swallowing."},{"name":"Seaside Daisy","commonNames":["Showy Daisy","Horseweed","Fleabane"],"scientificName":"Erigeron speciosus","family":"Asteraceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/seaside-daisy","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/seaside-daisy-r.jpg?itok=XFtEj0zt","toxicPrinciples":"Unknown","clinicalSigns":"Mild vomiting, diarrhea."},{"name":"Seven Bark","commonNames":["Hydrangea","Hortensia","Hills of Snow"],"scientificName":"Hydrangea arborescens","family":"Hydrangeaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/seven-bark","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/hydrangea-r.jpg?itok=alxsQZTf","toxicPrinciples":"Cyanogenic glycoside","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, depression, diarrhea. Cyanide intoxication is rare - usually produces more of a gastrointestinal disturbance."},{"name":"Shamrock Plant","commonNames":["Good Luck Plant","Sorrel"],"scientificName":"Oxalis spp.","family":"Oxalidaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/shamrock-plant","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/shamrock-plant.jpg?itok=MWdETdx2","toxicPrinciples":"Soluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Kidney failure (rare in dogs/cats), tremors, salivation."},{"name":"Shatavari","commonNames":["Asparagus","Emerald Feather","Emerald Fern","Sprengeri Fern","Plumosa Fern","Lace Fern","Racemose Asparagus"],"scientificName":"Asparagus densiflorus cv sprengeri","family":"Liliaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/shatavari","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/asparagus-fern-r.jpg?itok=YNshxWGZ","toxicPrinciples":"Sapogenins","clinicalSigns":"Allergic dermatitis with repeated dermal exposure. Berry ingestion could result in gastric upset (vomiting, abdominal pain, or diarrhea)."},{"name":"Showy Daisy","commonNames":["Seaside Daisy","Horseweed","Fleabane"],"scientificName":"Erigeron speciosus","family":"Asteraceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/showy-daisy","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/erigeron_speciosus_showy_daisy-300x200.jpg?itok=CQdw84x7","toxicPrinciples":"Unknown","clinicalSigns":"Mild vomiting, diarrhea."},{"name":"Silver Dollar","commonNames":["Silver Jade Plant","Chinese Jade"],"scientificName":"Crassula arborescens","family":"Crassulaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/silver-dollar","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/silver-jade-r.jpg?itok=JTt5b8H1","toxicPrinciples":"Unknown","clinicalSigns":"Nausea, retching"},{"name":"Silver Jade Plant","commonNames":["Chinese Jade","Silver Dollar"],"scientificName":"Crassula arborescens","family":"Crassulaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/silver-jade-plant","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/silver-jade-r.jpg?itok=JTt5b8H1","toxicPrinciples":"Unknown","clinicalSigns":"Nausea, retching"},{"name":"Skunk Cabbage","commonNames":["Skunk Weed","Polecat Weed","Meadow Cabbage","Swamp Cabbage"],"scientificName":"Symplocarpus foetidus","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/skunk-cabbage","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/skunk-cabbage.jpg?itok=-vdZNFwf","toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, pain and swelling of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting (not horses), difficulty swallowing"},{"name":"Snake Lilly","commonNames":["Iris","Flag","Water Flag"],"scientificName":"Iris species","family":"Iridaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/snake-lilly","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/iris-1-r.jpg?itok=RuaNhCxv","toxicPrinciples":"Pentacylic terpenoids (zeorin, missourin and missouriensin)","clinicalSigns":"Salivation, vomiting, drooling,lethargy, diarrhea. Highest concentration in rhizomes."},{"name":"Snake Plant","commonNames":["Golden Bird's Nest","Mother-in-Law’s Tongue","Good Luck Plant"],"scientificName":"Sansevieria trifasciata","family":"Agavaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/snake-plant","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/snake-plant.jpg?itok=BkIZ9pgm","toxicPrinciples":"Saponins","clinicalSigns":"Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea."},{"name":"Solomon’s Lily","commonNames":["Black Calla","Wild Calla","Wild Arum"],"scientificName":"Arum palestinum","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/solomons-lily","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/black-calla-r.jpg?itok=Shj75f-c","toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, intense burning and irritation of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting, difficulty swallowing"},{"name":"Sorrel","commonNames":["Common Sorrel","Spinach-Dock","Narrow-leaved Dock","Garden sorrel"],"scientificName":"Rumex scutatus","family":"Polygonaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/sorrel","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/sorrel.jpg?itok=_dC1G2jR","toxicPrinciples":"Soluble oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Small exposures only result in GI upset. Very large amounts can cause weakness, muscle fasciculations, and potentially seizures from hypocalcemia. Hypocalcemia can also result in arrhythmias. Secondary renal injury may also develop from the crystals. This is only expected in massive exposures or with chronic ingestion"},{"name":"Sowbread","commonNames":["Cyclamen"],"scientificName":"Cyclamen spp","family":"Primulaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/sowbread","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/sowbread.jpg?itok=DD46vOAy","toxicPrinciples":"Terpenoid saponins","clinicalSigns":"Salivation, vomiting, diarrhea. Following large ingestions of tubers: heart rhythm abnormalities, seizures, death"},{"name":"Spanish Thyme","commonNames":["Indian Borage","Bread and Butter Plant","Coleus","East Indian Thyme","Stinging Thyme","Country Boarage; many others"],"scientificName":"Coleus ampoinicus","family":"Labiatae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/spanish-thyme","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/spanish-thyme-r.jpg?itok=PlNasuCX","toxicPrinciples":"Essential Oils","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, diarrhea, depression, anorexia, occasionally bloody diarrhea or vomiting"},{"name":"Spindle Tree","commonNames":["Wahoo","Burning Bush"],"scientificName":"Euonymus atropurpurea","family":"Celastraceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/spindle-tree","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/burning-bush-1-r.jpg?itok=Xom-RenT","toxicPrinciples":"Alkaloids, Cardenolides","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, weakness. Heart rhythm abnormalities with large doses."},{"name":"Split Leaf Philodendron","commonNames":["Horsehead Philodendron","Cordatum","Heartleaf Philodendron","Panda Plant","Fiddle-Leaf","Fruit Salad Plant","Red Emerald","Red Princess","Saddle Leaf"],"scientificName":"Philodendron bipennifolium","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/split-leaf-philodendron","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/split-leaf-philodendron.jpg?itok=2zru_OQD","toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, intense burning and irritation of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting, difficulty swallowing."},{"name":"Spotted Dumb Cane","commonNames":["Charming Dieffenbachia","Giant Dumb Cane","Tropic Snow","Dumbcane","Exotica","Exotica Perfection","Dieffenbachia"],"scientificName":"Dieffenbachia amoena","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/spotted-dumb-cane","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/exotica-r.jpg?itok=X7FcYjoF","toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates, proteolytic enzyme","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, intense burning and irritation of mouth , tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting, difficulty swallowing"},{"name":"Sprengeri Fern","commonNames":["Asparagus","Emerald Feather","Emerald Fern","Plumosa Fern","Lace Fern","Racemose Asparagus","Shatavari"],"scientificName":"Asparagus densiflorus cv sprengeri","family":"Liliaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/sprengeri-fern","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/asparagus-fern-r.jpg?itok=YNshxWGZ","toxicPrinciples":null,"clinicalSigns":"Allergic dermatitis with repeated dermal exposure. Berry ingestion could result in gastric upset (vomiting, abdominal pain, or diarrhea)."},{"name":"Spring Parsley","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Cymopterus watsonii","family":"Apiaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/spring-parsley","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/cymopterus_watsonii_spring_parsley-300x200.jpg?itok=sr8OYdcB","toxicPrinciples":"Furanocoumarins","clinicalSigns":"Photosensitization (sunburn, dermatitis)"},{"name":"St. John’s Wort","commonNames":["Klamath Weed"],"scientificName":"Hypericum perforatum","family":"Clusiaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/st-johns-wort","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/st-johnswort-r.jpg?itok=hhkpk7iS","toxicPrinciples":"Hypericin","clinicalSigns":"Photosensitization (ulcerative and exudative dermatitis)."},{"name":"Staggerbush","commonNames":["Fetterbush","Maleberry"],"scientificName":"Lyonia sp.","family":"Ericaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/staggerbush","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/staggerbush.jpg?itok=L48NmH6E","toxicPrinciples":"Grayanotoxins","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, diarrhea, depression, cardiovascular collapse, hypersalivation, weakness, coma, low blood pressure, death. Ingestion of a few leaves can cause serious problems."},{"name":"Starch Root","commonNames":["Arum","Lord-and-Ladies","Adam-and-Eve","Wake Robin","Bobbins","Cuckoo Plant"],"scientificName":"Arum maculatum","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/starch-root","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/arum-r.jpg?itok=206UUxCJ","toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, intense burning and irritation of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting, difficulty swallowing"},{"name":"Stargazer Lily","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Lilium orientalis","family":"Liliaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/stargazer-lily","toxicTo":["cat"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/stargazer-lily-r.jpg?itok=ThSTX0vK","toxicPrinciples":"Unknown","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, inappetence, lethargy, kidney failure and death is possible. Cats are only species known to be affected."},{"name":"Starleaf","commonNames":["Schefflera","Umbrella Tree","Octopus Tree","Australian Ivy Palm"],"scientificName":"Brassaia actinophylla","family":"Araliaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/starleaf","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/australian-ivy-palm-r.jpg?itok=SdjDxAUD","toxicPrinciples":"Terpenoids, saponins, insoluble oxalates","clinicalSigns":"While this plant does contain potentially toxic substances, the most common effects seen are mild vomiting and diarrhea."},{"name":"Stinking Chamomile","commonNames":["Mayweed","Poison Daisy"],"scientificName":"Anthemis cotula","family":"Asteraceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/stinking-chamomile","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/anthemis_cotula_stinking_chamomile-300x200.jpg?itok=uoBAppZ1","toxicPrinciples":"Volatile oil; bisabolol, chamazulene, anthemic acid, tannic acid","clinicalSigns":"Contact dermatitis, vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia, allergic reactions. Long term use can lead to bleeding tendencies."},{"name":"Straight-Margined Dracaena","commonNames":["red-margined dracaena"],"scientificName":"Dracaena marginata","family":"Agavaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/straight-margined-dracaena","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/straight-margined-dracaena.jpg?itok=pKpOV2CY","toxicPrinciples":"Unknown","clinicalSigns":"In cats: dilated pupils, abdominal pain, increased heartrate and drooling. In both cats and dogs: vomiting, depression, inappetence, drooling, incoordination, and weakness."},{"name":"Striped Dracaena","commonNames":["warneckii","janet craig plant"],"scientificName":"Dracaena deremensis","family":"Agavaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/striped-dracaena","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/dracaena_deremensis_striped_dracaena-300x200.jpg?itok=268rQqKd","toxicPrinciples":"Unknown","clinicalSigns":"In cats: dilated pupils, abdominal pain, increased heartrate and drooling. In both cats and dogs: vomiting, depression, inappetence, drooling, incoordination, and weakness."},{"name":"Superb Lily","commonNames":["Glory Lily","Climbing Lily","Gloriosa Lily"],"scientificName":"Gloriosa superba","family":"Liliaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/superb-lily","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/glory-lily-r.jpg?itok=HzN19AQS","toxicPrinciples":"Colchicine related alkaloids","clinicalSigns":"Salivation, vomiting (bloody), diarrhea (bloody), shock, kidney failure, liver damage, bone marrow suppression."},{"name":"Sweet Cherry","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Prunus avium","family":"Rosaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/sweet-cherry","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/cherry-r.jpg?itok=9_k_I2RW","toxicPrinciples":"Cyanogenic glycosides found in some species","clinicalSigns":"Stems, leaves, seeds contain cyanide, particularly toxic in the process of wilting: brick red mucous membranes, dilated pupils, difficulty breathing, panting, shock."},{"name":"Sweet William","commonNames":["Carnation","Wild Carnation","Pinks"],"scientificName":"Dianthus caryophyllus","family":"Caryophyllaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/sweet-william","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/wild-carnation-r.jpg?itok=g3tTYBLY","toxicPrinciples":"Unknown irritant","clinicalSigns":"Mild gastrointestinal signs, mild dermatitis"},{"name":"Sweetheart Ivy","commonNames":["English Ivy","Glacier Ivy","Needlepoint Ivy","Branching Ivy","California Ivy"],"scientificName":"Hedera helix","family":"Araliaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/sweetheart-ivy","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/hedera_helix_sweetheart_ivy-300x200.jpg?itok=Fuy9v12I","toxicPrinciples":"Triterpenoid saponins (hederagenin)","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, abdominal pain, hypersalivation, diarrhea. Foliage is more toxic than berries"},{"name":"Swiss Cheese Plant","commonNames":["Cutleaf Philodendron","Hurricane Plant","Ceriman","Mexican Breadfruit"],"scientificName":"Monstera deliciosa","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/swiss-cheese-plant","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/ceriman-cutleaf-philodendron-r.jpg?itok=cR0-yc-P","toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, intense burning and irritation of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting, difficulty swallowing."},{"name":"Tahitian Bridal Veil","commonNames":["Gibasis Geniculata"],"scientificName":"tradescantia multiflora","family":"Commelinaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/tahitian-bridal-veil","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/gibasis-geniculata-r.jpg?itok=36bV_wYo","toxicPrinciples":null,"clinicalSigns":"Can cause mild gastrointestinal signs and dermatitis."},{"name":"Tail Flower","commonNames":["Flamingo Plant","Flamingo Lily","Oilcloth Flower","Pigtail Plant","Painter's Pallet"],"scientificName":"Anthurium scherzeranum","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/tail-flower","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/flamingo-plant-r.jpg?itok=YtLpSaN7","toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, intense burning and irritation of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting, difficulty swallowing"},{"name":"Taro","commonNames":["Caladium","Elephant Ears","Pai","Ape","Cape","Via","Via sori","Malanga"],"scientificName":"Caladium hortulanum","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/taro","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/caladium_hortulanum_taro-300x200.jpg?itok=EaUZyH6W","toxicPrinciples":"Calcium oxalate crystals","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, intense burning and irritation of the mouth, lips, tongue, excessive drooling, vomiting, difficulty in swallowing."},{"name":"Taro","commonNames":["Caladium","Elephant's Ears","Malanga"],"scientificName":"Colocasia esculenta","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/taro-0","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/colocasia_esculenta_taro-300x200.jpg?itok=ku9tX6tG","toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, intense burning and irritation of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting, difficulty swallowing."},{"name":"Taro Vine","commonNames":["Golden Pothos","Devil's Ivy","Devil's Vine","Ivy Arum"],"scientificName":"Epipremnum aureum","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/taro-vine","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/devils-ivy-1-r.jpg?itok=oGiQZ8Ip","toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, intense burning and irritation of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting, difficulty swallowing."},{"name":"Tarragon","commonNames":["French Tarragon","Estragon"],"scientificName":"Artemisia dracunculus","family":"Asteraceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/tarragon","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/artemisia_dracunculus_tarragon-300x200.jpg?itok=zeRL1qjC","toxicPrinciples":"Essential Oils","clinicalSigns":"Mild vomiting and diarrhea"},{"name":"Texas Umbrella Tree","commonNames":["China Ball Tree","Paradise Tree","Persian Lilac","White Cedar","Japanese Bead Tree","Bead Tree","Pride-of-India","Chinaberry Tree"],"scientificName":"Melia azedarach","family":"Meliaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/texas-umbrella-tree","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/bead-tree-r.jpg?itok=fcSfmLRT","toxicPrinciples":"Tetranortriterpenes (meliatoxins)","clinicalSigns":"Diarrhea, vomiting, salivation, depression, weakness, and seizures. Ripe fruit (berries) most toxic but also bark, leaves, and flowers."},{"name":"Ti-Plant","commonNames":["Baby Doll Ti Plant","Hawaiian Ti Plant"],"scientificName":"Cordyline terminalis","family":"Agavaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/ti-plant","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/baby-doll-ti-plant-r.jpg?itok=XbtI6njI","toxicPrinciples":"Saponins","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting (occasionally with blood), depression, anorexia, hypersalivation, dilated pupils (cats)"},{"name":"Tiger Lily","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Lilium tigrinum","family":"Liliaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/tiger-lily","toxicTo":["cat"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/tiger-lily-r.jpg?itok=8pCPHDGt","toxicPrinciples":"Unknown","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, inappetence, lethargy, kidney failure, and death is possible. Cats are only species known to be affected."},{"name":"Tobacco","commonNames":["Tree Tobacco","Nicotiana","Mustard Tree"],"scientificName":"Nicotiana glauca","family":"Solanaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/tobacco","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/tobacco-plant-1-r.jpg?itok=OPxtcJJZ","toxicPrinciples":"Nicotine","clinicalSigns":"Hyperexcitability then depression, vomiting, incoordination, paralysis, death is possible."},{"name":"Tomato Plant","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Lycopersicon spp","family":"Solanaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/tomato-plant","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/tomato-plant-r.jpg?itok=X10MkBsW","toxicPrinciples":"Solanine","clinicalSigns":"Hypersalivation, inappetence, severe gastrointestinal upset, depression, weakness, dilated pupils, slow heart rate; ripe fruit is non-toxic"},{"name":"Tree Philodendron","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Philodendron selloum","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/tree-philodendron","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/tree-philodendron-r.jpg?itok=Qt-mAJI8","toxicPrinciples":"Calcium oxalate crystals","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, intense burning and irritation of the mouth, lips, tongue, excessive drooling, vomiting, difficulty in swallowing."},{"name":"Tree Tobacco","commonNames":["Nicotania","Tobacco","Mustard Tree"],"scientificName":"Nicotiana glauca","family":"Solanaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/tree-tobacco","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/tree-tobacco.jpg?itok=zn71ob5x","toxicPrinciples":"Nicotine","clinicalSigns":"Hyperexcitability then depression, vomiting, incoordination, paralysis, death is possible."},{"name":"Tropic Snow","commonNames":["Charming Dieffenbachia","Giant Dumb Cane","Dumbcane","Exotica","Exotica Perfection","Dieffenbachia"],"scientificName":"Dieffenbachia amoena","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/tropic-snow","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/tropic-dumb-cane-r.jpg?itok=tMb2Zz9D","toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates, proteolytic enzyme","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, intense burning and irritation of mouth , tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting, difficulty swallowing"},{"name":"True Aloe","commonNames":["Medicine Plant","Aloe","Barbados Aloe"],"scientificName":"Aloe barbadensis","family":"Aloaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/true-aloe","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/true-aloe.jpg?itok=EyU_Vz6Q","toxicPrinciples":"Anthraquinones, anthracene, glycosides (aloin)","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, change in urine color (red)"},{"name":"Trumpet Lily","commonNames":["Calla Lily","Pig Lily","White Arum","Arum Lily","Florist's Calla","Garden Calla","Arum Lily"],"scientificName":"Zantedeschia aethiopica","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/trumpet-lily","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/trumpet-lily.jpg?itok=syZNtuNh","toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, intense burning and irritation of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting, difficulty swallowing"},{"name":"Tulip","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Tulipa spp.","family":"Liliaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/tulip","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/tulip-r.jpg?itok=4MPaC14J","toxicPrinciples":"Tulipalin A and B","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, depression, diarrhea, hypersalivation. Highest concentration of toxin in bulb."},{"name":"Umbrella Leaf","commonNames":["Indian Apple Root","American Mandrake","Wild Lemon","Hog Apple","Duck's Foot","Raccoonberry","American Mandrake"],"scientificName":"Podophyllum peltatum","family":"Berberidaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/umbrella-leaf","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/americanmandrake.jpg?itok=Tk-dK_CN","toxicPrinciples":"Podophyllin","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, diarrhea, lethargy, panting, coma (rare); dermal - redness, skin ulcers."},{"name":"Umbrella Tree","commonNames":["Schefflera","Australian Ivy Palm","Octopus Tree","Starleaf"],"scientificName":"Brassaia actinophylla","family":"Araliaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/umbrella-tree","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/brassaia_actinophylla_umbrella_tree-300x200.jpg?itok=WtRzG7-C","toxicPrinciples":"Terpenoids, saponins, insoluble oxalates","clinicalSigns":"While this plant does contain potentially toxic substances, the most common effects seen are mild vomiting and diarrhea."},{"name":"Variable Dieffenbachia","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Dieffenbachia picta","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/variable-dieffenbachia","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/variable-dieffenbachia.jpg?itok=E6wgMp0C","toxicPrinciples":"Calcium oxalate crystals","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, intense burning and irriation of the mouth, lips, tongue, excessive drooling, vomiting, difficulty in swallowing"},{"name":"Variegated Inch Plant","commonNames":["Speedy Henry"],"scientificName":"Tradescantia flumeninsis","family":"Commelinaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/variegated-inch-plant","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/variegated-inch-plant.jpg?itok=GMs7z_60","toxicPrinciples":null,"clinicalSigns":"Dermatitis"},{"name":"Variegated Laurel","commonNames":["speedy henry"],"scientificName":"Tradescantia flumeninsis","family":"Commelinaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/variegated-laurel","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/variegated-laurel.jpg?itok=RMss5RFZ","toxicPrinciples":null,"clinicalSigns":"Dermatitis"},{"name":"Variegated Philodendron","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Scindapsus, Philodendron spp","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/variegated-philodendron","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/variegated-philodendron.jpg?itok=r_NBMb_z","toxicPrinciples":"Calcium oxalate crystals","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, intense burning and irritation of the mouth, lips, tongue, excessive drooling, vomiting, difficulty in swallowing."},{"name":"Vinca","commonNames":["Periwinkle","Running Myrtle"],"scientificName":"Vinca rosea","family":"Apocynaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/vinca","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/vinca-thumbnail.jpg?itok=cj5McbFk","toxicPrinciples":"Vinca Alkaloids","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, diarrhea, low blood pressure, depression, tremors, seizures, coma, death."},{"name":"Virgin's Bower","commonNames":["Clematis","Leatherflower"],"scientificName":"Clematis sp.","family":"Ranunculaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/virgins-bower","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/virgins-bower.jpg?itok=v-Wojvat","toxicPrinciples":"Irritant glycoside (Protoanemonin)","clinicalSigns":"Salivation, vomiting, diarrhea."},{"name":"Wahoo","commonNames":["Burning Bush","Spindle Tree"],"scientificName":"Euonymus occidentalis","family":"Celastraceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/wahoo","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/wahoo.jpg?itok=JSxI-ReV","toxicPrinciples":"Alkaloids, Cardenolides","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, weakness. Heart rhythm abnormalities with large doses."},{"name":"Wake Robin","commonNames":["Arum","Lord-and-Ladies","Adam-and-Eve","Starch Root","Bobbins","Cuckoo Plant"],"scientificName":"Arum maculatum","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/wake-robin","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/arum_maculatum_wake_robin-300x200.jpg?itok=sFfhzjq2","toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, intense burning and irritation of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting, difficulty swallowing"},{"name":"Warneckei Dracaena","commonNames":["Striped Dracaena","Janet Craig Plant"],"scientificName":"Dracaena deremensis","family":"Asparagaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/warneckei-dracaena","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/dracaena_deremensis-warneckei-300x200.jpg?itok=Da-wuWHO","toxicPrinciples":"Saponins","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting (occasionally with blood), depression, anorexia, hypersalivation, dilated pupils (cats)."},{"name":"Water Flag","commonNames":["Iris","Snake Lily","Flag"],"scientificName":"Iris species","family":"Iridaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/water-flag","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/iris-1-r.jpg?itok=RuaNhCxv","toxicPrinciples":"Pentacylic terpenoids (zeorin, missourin and missouriensin)","clinicalSigns":"Salivation, vomiting, drooling,lethargy, diarrhea. Highest concentration in rhizomes."},{"name":"Water Hemlock","commonNames":["cowbane","poison parsnip"],"scientificName":"Cicuta maculata","family":"Apiaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/water-hemlock","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/water-hemlock-r.jpg?itok=T5JWtvB2","toxicPrinciples":"Cicutoxin","clinicalSigns":"Diarrhea, seizures, tremors, extreme stomach pain, dilated pupils, fever, bloat, respiratory depression, and death"},{"name":"Wax-Leaf","commonNames":["privet","amur","common privet"],"scientificName":"Ligustrum japonicum","family":"Oleaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/wax-leaf","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/common-privet-r.jpg?itok=HzT5-Vmr","toxicPrinciples":"Terpenoid glycosides","clinicalSigns":"Gastrointestinal upset (most common), incoordination, increased heart rate, death (rare)."},{"name":"Weeping Fig","commonNames":["fig","indian rubber plant"],"scientificName":"Ficus sp.","family":"Moraceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/weeping-fig","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/indian-rubber-plant-r.jpg?itok=lzXXOH-s","toxicPrinciples":"Proteolytic enzyme (ficin), psoralen (ficusin)","clinicalSigns":null},{"name":"Western Yew","commonNames":["English Yew","Pacific Yew","Japanese Yew","Anglo-Japanese Yew"],"scientificName":"Taxus brevifolia","family":"Taxaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/western-yew","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/pacific-yew-r.jpg?itok=Yk9B2BZK","toxicPrinciples":"Taxine A and B, Volatile oil","clinicalSigns":"Tremors, difficulty breathing, vomiting, seizures (dogs), sudden death from acute heart failure."},{"name":"White Heads","commonNames":["Ranger's Button"],"scientificName":"Sphenosciadium capitellatum","family":"Apiaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/white-heads","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/rangers-button-r.jpg?itok=RymZjt3o","toxicPrinciples":"Furanocoumarins","clinicalSigns":"Photosensitization (ulcerative and exudative dermatitis), ocular toxicity."},{"name":"Wild Arum","commonNames":["Black Calla","Wild Calla","Solomon's Lily"],"scientificName":"Arum palestinum","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/wild-arum","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/arum_palestinum_wild_arum-300x200.jpg?itok=-UY1t2D_","toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, intense burning and irritation of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting, difficulty swallowing"},{"name":"Wild Calla","commonNames":["Black Calla","Wild Arum","Solomon's Lily"],"scientificName":"Arum palestinum","family":"Araceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/wild-calla","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/arum_palestinum_wild_calla-300x200.jpg?itok=XIAAnph7","toxicPrinciples":"Insoluble calcium oxalates","clinicalSigns":"Oral irritation, intense burning and irritation of mouth, tongue and lips, excessive drooling, vomiting, difficulty swallowing"},{"name":"Wild Carnation","commonNames":["Carnation","Sweet William","Pinks"],"scientificName":"Dianthus caryophyllus","family":"Caryophyllaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/wild-carnation","toxicTo":["cat","dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/wild-carnation-r.jpg?itok=g3tTYBLY","toxicPrinciples":"Unknown irritant","clinicalSigns":"Mild gastrointestinal signs, mild dermatitis"},{"name":"Wild Coffee","commonNames":["Geranium-Leaf Aralia","Coffee Tree"],"scientificName":"Polyscias guilfoylei","family":"Araliaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/wild-coffee","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/coffee-tree-r.jpg?itok=zlkBo1R_","toxicPrinciples":"Saponin","clinicalSigns":"Contact dermatitis, vomiting, anorexia, depression."},{"name":"Winter Cherry","commonNames":["Natal Cherry","Jerusalem Cherry"],"scientificName":"Solanum pseudocapsicum","family":"Solanaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/winter-cherry","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/jerusalem-cherry-r.jpg?itok=sF7s9elJ","toxicPrinciples":"Solanine","clinicalSigns":"Gastrointestinal disturbances, possible ulceration of the gastrointestinal system, seizures, depression, respiratory depression, and shock."},{"name":"Winterberry","commonNames":["English Holly","European Holly","Oregon Holly","Inkberry","American Holly"],"scientificName":"Ilex opaca","family":"Aquifoliaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/winterberry","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/ilex_opaca_winterberry-300x200.jpg?itok=0L3gTREZ","toxicPrinciples":"saponins","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, diarrhea and depression. Leaves and berries are low toxicity."},{"name":"Wisteria","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Wisteria spp.","family":"Fabaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/wisteria","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/wisteria-r.jpg?itok=PcQRV82l","toxicPrinciples":"Lectin, wisterin glycoside","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting (sometimes with blood), diarrhea, depression"},{"name":"Wood Lily","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Lilium umbellatum","family":"Liliaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/wood-lily","toxicTo":["cat"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/wood-lily-r.jpg?itok=LVM87Eu3","toxicPrinciples":"Unknown","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, inappetence, lethargy, kidney failure and death is possible. Cats are only species known to be affected."},{"name":"Yarrow","commonNames":["Milfoil"],"scientificName":"Achillea millefolium","family":"Compositae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/yarrow","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/milfoil-r.jpg?itok=Pre-JcRd","toxicPrinciples":"Achilleine and alkaloids.","clinicalSigns":"Increased urination, vomiting, diarrhea, dermatitis."},{"name":"Yellow Oleander","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Thevetia peruviana","family":"Apocynaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/yellow-oleander","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/yellow-oleander-r.jpg?itok=_TDn5EAW","toxicPrinciples":"Cardenolides","clinicalSigns":"Vomiting, diarrhea, slow heart rate"},{"name":"Yesterday, Today, Tomorrow","commonNames":["Morning-Noon-and-Night","Kiss-Me-Quick","Lady-of-the-Night","Fransiscan Rain Tree","Brunfelsia"],"scientificName":"Brunfelsia species","family":"Solanaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/yesterday-today-tomorrow","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/yesterday-today-tomorrow-r.jpg?itok=r7plL0Ro","toxicPrinciples":"Brunfelsamidine","clinicalSigns":"Tremors, seizures (for several days), diarrhea, vomiting, hypersalivation, lethargy, incoordination, coughing"},{"name":"Yew","commonNames":["japanese yew"],"scientificName":"Taxus spp.","family":"Taxaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/yew","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/yew-r.jpg?itok=Ouk7jkTv","toxicPrinciples":"Taxine","clinicalSigns":"Sudden death from acute cardiac failure, early signs -- muscular tremors, dyspnea, seizures in dogs"},{"name":"Yew Pine","commonNames":["buddhist pine"],"scientificName":"Podocarpus macrophylla","family":"Podocarpacaea","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/yew-pine","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/yew-pine.jpg?itok=MeWN8GkG","toxicPrinciples":"Unknown","clinicalSigns":"Sever vomiting and diarrhea."},{"name":"Yucca","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Yucca spp.","family":"Agavaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/yucca","toxicTo":["cat","dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/yucca-r.jpg?itok=zNnBLClm","toxicPrinciples":"Saponins","clinicalSigns":"Dogs, cats: Vomiting; Horses: liver disease, dermatitis"},{"name":"Australian Nut","commonNames":["Macadamia Nut","Queensland Nut"],"scientificName":"Macadamia integrifolia","family":"Proteaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/australian-nut","toxicTo":["dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/macadamia-nut-r.jpg?itok=QOK2gsnl","toxicPrinciples":"Unknown","clinicalSigns":"Depression, hyperthermia, weakness, muscular stiffness, vomiting, tremors, increased heartrate. Only reported in dogs at this time."},{"name":"Black Walnut","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Juglans nigra","family":"Juglandaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/black-walnut","toxicTo":["dog","horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/black-walnut-2-r.jpg?itok=G5y-KBaY","toxicPrinciples":"Unknown","clinicalSigns":"Dogs: moldy nuts/hulls can cause tremors and seizures, ingestion of shavings can cause incoordination; Horses: laminitis, colic"},{"name":"Hops","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Humulus lupulus","family":"Cannabidaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/hops","toxicTo":["dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/hops-1-r.jpg?itok=0__Z5Ed9","toxicPrinciples":"Unknown","clinicalSigns":"Dogs: panting, high body temperature, seizures, death."},{"name":"Macadamia Nut","commonNames":["Australia Nut","Queensland Nut"],"scientificName":"Macadamia integrifolia","family":"Proteaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/macadamia-nut","toxicTo":["dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/macadamia-nut-r.jpg?itok=QOK2gsnl","toxicPrinciples":"Unknown","clinicalSigns":"Dogs: depression, weakness (especially of rear limbs), vomiting, tremors."},{"name":"Queensland Nut","commonNames":["Macadamia Nut","Australia Nut"],"scientificName":"Macadamia integrifolia","family":"Proteaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/queensland-nut","toxicTo":["dog"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/macadamia-nut-r.jpg?itok=QOK2gsnl","toxicPrinciples":"Unknown","clinicalSigns":"Dogs: depression, weakness (especially of rear limbs), vomiting, tremors."},{"name":"Alsike Clover","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Trifolium hybridum","family":"Leguminosae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/alsike-clover","toxicTo":["horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/trifolium_hybridum_alsike_clover-300x200.jpg?itok=DmnDYZgK","toxicPrinciples":"Unknown","clinicalSigns":"\"Dew poisoning\" - sunburn, skin ulcers; \"Big liver disease\" - liver failure"},{"name":"Avocado","commonNames":["Alligator Pear"],"scientificName":"Persea americana","family":"Lauraceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/avocado","toxicTo":["horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/avacado-300x200.jpg?itok=NZ9KYoq8","toxicPrinciples":"Persin","clinicalSigns":"Respiratory distress, heart failure, edema"},{"name":"Barnaby's Thistle","commonNames":["Yellow Star Thistle"],"scientificName":"Centaurea solstitialis","family":"Compositae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/barnabys-thistle","toxicTo":["horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/centaurea_solstitialis_barnabys_thistle-300x200.jpg?itok=1G0h3Kbt","toxicPrinciples":"Unknown","clinicalSigns":"\"Chewing disease\" - can chew but unable to swallow, dehydration, malnutrition, death"},{"name":"Bracken Fern","commonNames":["Brake Fern","Umbewe","Brake","Pasture Bracken","Hog-Pasture Bracken","Eagle fern","Umhlashoshana","Adelaarsvaring"],"scientificName":"Pteridium aquilinum","family":"Polypodiaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/bracken-fern","toxicTo":["horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/bracken-fern-r.jpg?itok=jxYiWS9T","toxicPrinciples":"Thiaminase","clinicalSigns":"Thiamine deficiency: weakness, weight loss, staggers, tremors, death"},{"name":"Brake Fern","commonNames":["Braken Fern","Umbewe","Brake","Pasture Bracken","Hog-Pasture Bracken","Eagle fern","Umhlashoshana","Adelaarsvaring"],"scientificName":"Pteridium aquilinum","family":"Polypodiaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/brake-fern","toxicTo":["horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/bracken-fern-r.jpg?itok=jxYiWS9T","toxicPrinciples":"Thiaminase","clinicalSigns":"Poisoning commonly occurs in horses having inadequate forage, or when the plant is incorporated into hay. All parts of the plant are toxic in both green and dry forms. The toxic component causes a thiamine deficiency (an essential nutrient for central nervous system function and metabolism); clinical signs develop after one to two months of chronic ingestion, and can worsen over a two to three day period. Effects include weight loss, incoordination/ excessive staggering (known as \"bracken staggers\"), the developement of a wide stance with arched back, severe muscle tremors, inability to get up which could lead to serious injury. Death may occur within one to 2 days of onset if not treated."},{"name":"Bull Pine","commonNames":["Ponderosa Pine","Western Yellow Pine","Yellow Pine","Blackjack Pine"],"scientificName":"Pinus ponderosa","family":"Pinaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/bull-pine","toxicTo":["horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/ponderosa-pine-1-r.jpg?itok=qpho97No","toxicPrinciples":"Isocupressic acid","clinicalSigns":"Cattle: premature birth of calves or miscarriage have been reported in cattle."},{"name":"Carolina Maple","commonNames":["Swamp Maple","Scarlet Maple","Red Maple","Curled Maple","Acer Sanguineum","Soft Maple","Rufacer Rubrum"],"scientificName":"Acer rubrum","family":"Aceraceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/carolina-maple","toxicTo":["horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/carolina-maple-r.jpg?itok=vqtTq21P","toxicPrinciples":"Pyrogallol","clinicalSigns":"Destruction of red blood cells (anemia), weakness, dark urine, difficulty breathing, abortion, death. Wilted leaves are most toxic."},{"name":"Catsear","commonNames":["Flatweed","Cat's Ear","False Dandelion"],"scientificName":"Hypochaeris radicata","family":"Asteraceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/catsear","toxicTo":["horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/hypochaeris-radicata-r_0.jpg?itok=BIHtumA6","toxicPrinciples":"Unknown","clinicalSigns":"Stringhalt (back legs may have exaggerated flexion, hopping gait)"},{"name":"Charlock","commonNames":["Wild Mustard","California Rape"],"scientificName":"Brassica kaber","family":"Cruciferae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/charlock","toxicTo":["horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/brassica_kaber_charlock-300x200.jpg?itok=z6epFgi-","toxicPrinciples":"Isothiocyanates","clinicalSigns":"Gastrointestinal irritation, colic"},{"name":"Fiddleneck","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Amsinckia spp.","family":"Boraginaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/fiddleneck","toxicTo":["horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/fiddleneck-r.jpg?itok=fMoLfrMY","toxicPrinciples":"Pyrrolizidine alkaloids","clinicalSigns":"Horses: liver disease (must be ingested in large amount or over a long time period)"},{"name":"Field Horsetail","commonNames":["Scouring rush","Common horsetail","Western horsetail"],"scientificName":"Equisetum arvense","family":"Equisetaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/field-horsetail","toxicTo":["horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/field_horsetail_equisetum_arvense-300x200.jpg?itok=B1SEL6z5","toxicPrinciples":"Thiaminase","clinicalSigns":"Thiamine deficiency: weakness, weight loss, staggers, tremors, death"},{"name":"Field Pennycress","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Thlaspi arvense","family":"Brassicaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/field-pennycress","toxicTo":["horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/field-pennycress-1-r.jpg?itok=D1mYMCow","toxicPrinciples":"Isothiocyanates","clinicalSigns":"Colic, diarrhea, dermatitis"},{"name":"Goatweed","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Hypericum perforatum","family":"Hypericaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/goatweed","toxicTo":["horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/goatweed-r.jpg?itok=0WB6JG4n","toxicPrinciples":"Hypericin","clinicalSigns":"Photosensitization (sunburn, dermatitis)"},{"name":"Heliotrope","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Heliotropium spp.","family":"Boraginaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/heliotrope","toxicTo":["horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/heliotrope-r.jpg?itok=8KUwPjge","toxicPrinciples":"Pyrrolizidine alkaloids","clinicalSigns":"Horses: liver disease (must be ingested in large amount or over a long time period)"},{"name":"Hoary Alyssum","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Berteroa incana","family":"Brassicaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/hoary-alyssum","toxicTo":["horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/hoary-alyssum-1-r.jpg?itok=WPjYxjTH","toxicPrinciples":"Unknown","clinicalSigns":"Fever, swollen limbs, laminitis, bloody diarrhea, abortion, death"},{"name":"Hound's Tongue","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Cynoglossum amabile","family":"Boraginaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/hounds-tongue","toxicTo":["horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/cynoglossum_amabile_hounds_tongue-300x200.jpg?itok=F3kOEOCy","toxicPrinciples":"Pyrrolizidine alkaloids","clinicalSigns":"Horses: liver disease (must be ingested in large amount or over a long time period)"},{"name":"Jimmy Weed","commonNames":["Burrow Weed"],"scientificName":"Haplopappus heterophyllus","family":"Asteraceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/jimmy-weed","toxicTo":["horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/jimmy-weed-r.jpg?itok=YvDejF5e","toxicPrinciples":"Trematol","clinicalSigns":"Tremors, cardiac damage"},{"name":"Loco Weed (Astragalus spp.)","commonNames":["Locoweed"],"scientificName":"Astragalus spp.","family":"Fabaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/loco-weed-astragalus-spp","toxicTo":["horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/astragalus_and_oxytropis_species_loco_weed-300x200.jpg?itok=yiuErcpd","toxicPrinciples":"Swainsonine","clinicalSigns":"Incoordination, depression, inability to eat and drink, fetal death and birth defects"},{"name":"Loco Weed (Oxytropis spp.)","commonNames":["Locoweed"],"scientificName":"Oxytropis spp.","family":"Fabaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/loco-weed-oxytropis-spp","toxicTo":["horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/loco-weed-r.jpg?itok=vq-D8CBK","toxicPrinciples":"Swainsonine","clinicalSigns":"Incoordination, depression, inability to eat and drink, fetal death and birth defects"},{"name":"Mountain Laurel","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Kalmia latifolia","family":"Ericaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/mountain-laurel","toxicTo":["horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/mountain-laurel-1-r.jpg?itok=0AXMjXFG","toxicPrinciples":"Grayanotoxin","clinicalSigns":"Typically not very palatable to horses unless it is the only forage available, but sheep and goats may graze readily on the plant. The toxic principle interferes with normal skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle and nerve function. Clinical effects typically occur within a few hours after ingestion, and can include acute digestive upset, excessive drooling, loss of appetite, frequent bowel movements/diarrhea, colic, depression, weakness, loss of coordination, stupor, leg paralysis, weak heart rate and recumbency for 2 or more days; at this point, improvement may be seen or the animal may become comatose and die."},{"name":"Oak","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Quercus species","family":"Fagaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/oak","toxicTo":["horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/oak-2-r.jpg?itok=KVVkHSs1","toxicPrinciples":"Gallotannin","clinicalSigns":"Abdominal pain, constipation then diarrhea (occasionally bloody), depression, frequent urination, discolored urine, jaundice; acorns can obstruct the digestive tract"},{"name":"Pale Laurel","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Kalmia polifolia","family":null,"link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/pale-laurel","toxicTo":["horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/pale-laurel-r.jpg?itok=OVMnA027","toxicPrinciples":"Grayanotoxin","clinicalSigns":"Typically not very palatable to horses unless it is the only forage available, but sheep and goats may graze readily on the plant. The toxic principle interferes with normal skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle and nerve function. Clinical effects typically occur within a few hours after ingestion, and can include acute digestive upset, excessive drooling, loss of appetite, frequent bowel movements/diarrhea, colic, depression, weakness, loss of coordination, stupor, leg paralysis, weak heart rate and recumbency for 2 or more days; at this point, improvement may be seen or the animal may become comatose and die."},{"name":"Patterson's Curse","commonNames":["Viper's Bugloss"],"scientificName":"Echium plantagineum","family":"Boraginaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/pattersons-curse","toxicTo":["horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/echium_plantagineum_pattersons_curse-300x200.jpg?itok=DF4AfUvy","toxicPrinciples":"Pyrrolizidine alkaloids","clinicalSigns":"Horses: liver disease (must be ingested in large amount or over a long time period)"},{"name":"Ponderosa Pine","commonNames":["Blackjack Pine","Western Yellow Pine","Yellow Pine","Bull Pine"],"scientificName":"Pinus ponderosa","family":"Pinaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/ponderosa-pine","toxicTo":["horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/ponderosa-pine-1-r.jpg?itok=qpho97No","toxicPrinciples":"Isocupressic acid","clinicalSigns":"Cattle: premature birth of calves or miscarriage have been reported in cattle."},{"name":"Rattlebox","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Crotalaria albida","family":"Fabaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/rattlebox","toxicTo":["horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/rattlebox-r.jpg?itok=H1YD0nf8","toxicPrinciples":"Pyrrolizidine alkaloids","clinicalSigns":"Horses: liver disease (must be ingested in large amount or over a long time period)"},{"name":"Rayless Goldenrod","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Haplopappus heterophyllus","family":"Asteraceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/rayless-goldenrod","toxicTo":["horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/rayless-goldenrod-r.jpg?itok=wTj1EHrc","toxicPrinciples":"Trematol","clinicalSigns":"Plant is toxic year round, although poisonings typically occur in summer and late fall. Horses eating one to ten percent of their body weight in the plant can develop lethal clinical effects. Onset of signs generally occurs after two days to three weeks, and includes incoordination, muscle weakness and tremors, elevated heart rate, cardiac arrhythmias, fluid accumulation and swelling of the nervous system, profuse sweating, inability to swallow."},{"name":"Red Maple","commonNames":["Swamp Maple","Scarlet Maple","Curled Maple","Soft Maple"],"scientificName":"Acer rubrum","family":"Aceraceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/red-maple","toxicTo":["horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/red-maple-swamp-maple-r.jpg?itok=fK3x3wXk","toxicPrinciples":"Pyrogallol","clinicalSigns":"Destruction of red blood cells (anemia), weakness, dark urine, difficulty breathing, abortion, death. Wilted leaves are most toxic."},{"name":"Russian Knapweed","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Centaurea repens","family":"Compositae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/russian-knapweed","toxicTo":["horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/russian-knapweed-r.jpg?itok=AVFiV2pc","toxicPrinciples":"Unknown","clinicalSigns":"\"Chewing disease\" - can chew but unable to swallow, dehydration, malnutrition, death"},{"name":"Scouring Rush","commonNames":["Field Horsetail","Common Horsetail","Western Horsetail"],"scientificName":"Equisetum arvense","family":"Equisetaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/scouring-rush","toxicTo":["horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/equisetum_arvense_scouring_rush-300x200.jpg?itok=I8nIqOe6","toxicPrinciples":"Thiaminase","clinicalSigns":"The plant is commonly ingested when horses have very little suitable vegetation to graze on; ingestions over several days or weeks may result in adverse clinical effects. The toxic component breaks down thiamine (an essential nutrient for central nervous system function and metabolism). Clinical signs include weight loss, central nervous system disorders, muscle weakness gradually progressing in severity, convulsions and death."},{"name":"Sheepkill","commonNames":["Mountain Laurel"],"scientificName":"Kalmia latifolia","family":"Ericaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/sheepkill","toxicTo":["horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/mountain-laurel-1-r.jpg?itok=0AXMjXFG","toxicPrinciples":"Grayanotoxin","clinicalSigns":"Typically not very palatable to horses unless it is the only forage available, but sheep and goats may graze readily on the plant. The toxic principle interferes with normal skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle and nerve function. Clinical effects typically occur within a few hours after ingestion, and can include acute digestive upset, excessive drooling, loss of appetite, frequent bowel movements/diarrhea, colic, depression, weakness, loss of coordination, stupor, leg paralysis, weak heart rate and recumbency for 2 or more days; at this point, improvement may be seen or the animal may become comatose and die."},{"name":"Sudan Grass","commonNames":["Hybrid Sudan"],"scientificName":"Sorghum vulgare var sudanesis","family":"Gramineae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/sudan-grass","toxicTo":["horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/sorghum_vulgare_var._sudanesis_sudan_grass-300x200.jpg?itok=Hhpr2y2W","toxicPrinciples":"Cyanogenic glycosides, nitrates","clinicalSigns":"Requires one week to six months of ingestion. Loss of nerve function to the hind legs and bladder, stumbling when forced to move, progressing to complete paralysis of the hind limbs and fetal deformities or fetal death."},{"name":"Swamp Maple","commonNames":["Red Maple","Scarlet Maple","Curled Maple","Soft Maple"],"scientificName":"Acer rubrum","family":"Aceraceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/swamp-maple","toxicTo":["horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/red-maple-swamp-maple-r.jpg?itok=fK3x3wXk","toxicPrinciples":"Unknown","clinicalSigns":"Wilted leaves are considered to be most toxic. Damage to red blood cells, resulting in decreased ability to carry oxygen to tissues; darkening of the membranes around the eyes/mouth,weakness, feed refusal, central nervous system depression, abdominal discomfort, laminitis, discolored urine, abortion in pregnant mares. Death can occur within 18 hours or as long as 7-10 days after ingestion. Most cases of poisoning are reported during midsummer through early winter."},{"name":"Sweet Pea","commonNames":["Perennial Pea","Everlasting Pea"],"scientificName":"Lathyrus latifolius","family":"Fabaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/sweet-pea","toxicTo":["horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/sweet-pea-r.jpg?itok=f3_YX7vm","toxicPrinciples":"Aminoproprionitrite","clinicalSigns":"Weakness, lethargy, pacing, head pressing, tremors, seizures and possibly death."},{"name":"Viper's Bugloss","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Echium vulgare","family":"Boraginaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/vipers-bugloss","toxicTo":["horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/echium_vulgare_vipers_bugloss-300x200.jpg?itok=fpM9nNsZ","toxicPrinciples":"Pyrrolizidine alkaloids","clinicalSigns":"Horses: liver disease (must be ingested in large amount or over a long time period)"},{"name":"Viper's Bugloss","commonNames":["Patterson's Curse"],"scientificName":"Echium plantagineum","family":"Boraginaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/vipers-bugloss-0","toxicTo":["horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/vipers-bugloss-r.jpg?itok=vrpLq7bk","toxicPrinciples":"Pyrrolizidine alkaloids","clinicalSigns":"The plant is not very palatable, but will be eaten by animals with no other forage; poisonings typically occur from ingestion of green plant material or material in hay. The toxic components can cause liver failure, referred to as \"walking disease\" or \"sleepy staggers\". Signs include weight loss, weakness, sleepiness, yawning, incoordination, yellowish discoloration to mucous membranes (icterus), neurologic problems secondary to liver failure (aimless walking, chewing motions, head pressing). Animals may appear to be normal at first, then become suddenly affected; the syndrome progresses rapidly over a few days to a week."},{"name":"Western Yellow Pine","commonNames":["Blackjack Pine","Ponderosa Pine","Yellow Pine","Bull Pine"],"scientificName":"Pinus ponderosa","family":"Pinaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/western-yellow-pine","toxicTo":["horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/ponderosa-pine-1-r.jpg?itok=qpho97No","toxicPrinciples":"Isocupressic acid","clinicalSigns":"Cattle: premature birth of calves or miscarriage have been reported in cattle."},{"name":"White Snakeroot","commonNames":["fall poison","richweed","tremetol"],"scientificName":"Ageratina altissima","family":"Asteraceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/white-snakeroot","toxicTo":["horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/eupatorium-rugosum_white-snakeroot-300x200.png?itok=tod1CMIa","toxicPrinciples":"Trematol","clinicalSigns":"Tremors, cardiac damage"},{"name":"White/Black/Yellow Indian Mustard","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Brassica species","family":"Brassicaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/whiteblackyellow-indian-mustard","toxicTo":["horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/yellow-indian-mustard.jpg?itok=_WA4GyrA","toxicPrinciples":"Isothiocyanates","clinicalSigns":"Gastrointestinal irritation, colic"},{"name":"Wild Radish","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Raphanus raphanistrum","family":"Brassicaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/wild-radish","toxicTo":["horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/wild-radish-r.jpg?itok=iHGO_Pmy","toxicPrinciples":"Isothiocyanates","clinicalSigns":"Gastrointestinal irritation, colic"},{"name":"Wintercress","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Barbarea orthoceras","family":"Brassicaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/wintercress","toxicTo":["horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/wintercress-r.jpg?itok=Fu2G0t5o","toxicPrinciples":"Isothiocyanates","clinicalSigns":"Gastrointestinal irritation, colic"},{"name":"Wormseed Mustard","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Erysimum cheiranthoides","family":"Brassicaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/wormseed-mustard","toxicTo":["horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/wormseed-mustard-r.jpg?itok=T4Sipi5e","toxicPrinciples":"Isothiocyanates","clinicalSigns":"Gastrointestinal irritation, colic"},{"name":"Yellow Pine","commonNames":["Blackjack Pine","Ponderosa Pine","Western Yellow Pine","Bull Pine"],"scientificName":"Pinus ponderosa","family":"Pinaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/yellow-pine","toxicTo":["horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/ponderosa-pine-1-r.jpg?itok=qpho97No","toxicPrinciples":"Isocupressic acid","clinicalSigns":"Cattle: premature birth of calves or miscarriage have been reported in cattle."},{"name":"Yellow Starthistle","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Centaurea solstitialis","family":"Compositae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/yellow-starthistle","toxicTo":["horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/yellow-starthistle-1-r.jpg?itok=DE6X61b5","toxicPrinciples":"Unknown","clinicalSigns":"The plant is not usually eaten unless other forage is unavailable, or when incorporated into hay. Poisonings occur at ingestions of 50%- 200% of the animal's body weight over a 60 to 90 day period of grazing. Clinical signs have been referred to as \"chewing disease\", where horses chew but are unable to obtain food or swallow. Signs seen include a grinning appearance, open mouth with protruding, lolling tongue, yawning, head tossing, central nervous system depression, lost interest in food, difficulty breathing due to inhalation of food, submerging the head in water in an attempt to drink. Death can occur due to lack of eating and drinking, leading to dehydration and malnutrition."},{"name":"Yellowrocket","commonNames":[],"scientificName":"Barbarea vulgaris","family":"Brassicaceae","link":"https://www.aspca.org/pet-care/animal-poison-control/toxic-and-non-toxic-plants/yellowrocket","toxicTo":["horse"],"imageUrl":"https://www.aspca.org/sites/default/files/styles/medium_image_300x200/public/field/image/plants/yellowrocket-r.jpg?itok=Qszb6vit","toxicPrinciples":"Isothiocyanates","clinicalSigns":"Gastrointestinal irritation, colic"}]
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