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<div class="section" id="clase-9-funciones-diccionarios-y-condicionales">
<h1>Clase 9: Funciones, diccionarios y condicionales<a class="headerlink" href="#clase-9-funciones-diccionarios-y-condicionales" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
<ol class="simple">
<li><p>Utilice las funciones de numpy <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">linspace()</span></code> y <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">arange()</span></code> para crear dos vectores entre 0-100. El primer vector tiene 1000 elementos entre el rango 0-100 y el segundo se encuentra separado por 1.5 (ejm: 0, 1.5, 3, …).</p></li>
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<div class="cell_input docutils container">
<div class="highlight-ipython3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">numpy</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="nn">np</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="cell docutils container">
<div class="cell_input docutils container">
<div class="highlight-ipython3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1">#Creaar un vector entre 0-100 con 1000 elementos</span>
<span class="n">vector1</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">linspace</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">100</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">1000</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c1">#Crear un vector entre 0-100 separado por 1.5</span>
<span class="n">vector2</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">arange</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span><span class="mi">100</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">1.5</span><span class="p">)</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<ol class="simple">
<li><p>Utilizando los vectores de 1. crear un <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">loop</span> <span class="pre">anidado</span></code> para calcular la multiplicación entre cada elemento de los vectores. Guarde los resultados en una lista.</p></li>
</ol>
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<div class="cell_input docutils container">
<div class="highlight-ipython3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1">#lista vacía</span>
<span class="n">lista</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span> <span class="c1">#lista = list()</span>
<span class="c1">#Loop</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">vector1</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="c1">#iteramos sobre los valors del vector 1</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">j</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="n">vector2</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="c1">#iteramos sobre los valors del vector 2</span>
<span class="n">lista</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">j</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1">#Operación sobre i y j y los anexamos a una lista </span>
<span class="c1"># print("(i,j,valor:)", (i,j,i*j))</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<ol class="simple">
<li><p>Mediante un print() muestre la suma, el promedio, la mediana y la desviación estándar de la lista guardada en 2.</p></li>
</ol>
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<div class="highlight-ipython3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1">#Suma</span>
<span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"suma:"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="nb">sum</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">lista</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="n">sum_list</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">sum</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">lista</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c1">#Promedio</span>
<span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"promedio:"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">mean</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">lista</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="c1">#Mediana</span>
<span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"mediana:"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">median</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">lista</span><span class="p">))</span>
<span class="c1">#Std</span>
<span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"std:"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">std</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">lista</span><span class="p">))</span>
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<div class="output stream highlight-myst-ansi notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>suma: 165825000.00000206
promedio: 2475.0
mediana: 1839.3393393393394
std: 2202.8088300489767
</pre></div>
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</div>
<ol>
<li><p>Crear una rutina que permita las siguientes operaciones:</p>
<ol class="simple">
<li><p>Solicitar el número de mascotas (con input()), guardar en una variable.</p></li>
<li><p>Si el número de mascotas es cero: imprimir “No tiene mascotas.”</p></li>
<li><p>Si el número es entre 1-3: imprimir “Tiene entre 1-3 mascotas.”</p></li>
<li><p>Si el número es entre 4-6: imprimir “Tiene entre 4-6 mascotas.”</p></li>
<li><p>Si el número es mayor que 6: imprimir “Tiene más de 6 mascotas”.</p></li>
<li><p>Si el número es negativo: imprimir “No corresponde”.</p></li>
</ol>
<p>*Probar que su rutina cumple bien todas las condiciones. *</p>
</li>
</ol>
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<div class="highlight-ipython3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1">#solicitar el número de mascotas</span>
<span class="n">mascotas</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">input</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"¿Cuántas mascotas tiene?"</span><span class="p">))</span> <span class="c1">#int->enteros, float</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">mascotas</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"No tiene mascotas"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">elif</span> <span class="n">mascotas</span><span class="o">></span><span class="mi">0</span> <span class="ow">and</span> <span class="n">mascotas</span><span class="o"><=</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Tiene entre 1-3 mascotas"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">elif</span> <span class="n">mascotas</span><span class="o">></span><span class="mi">3</span> <span class="ow">and</span> <span class="n">mascotas</span><span class="o"><=</span><span class="mi">6</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Tiene entre 4-6 mascotas"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">elif</span> <span class="n">mascotas</span><span class="o">></span><span class="mi">6</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Tiene más de 6 mascotas"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">elif</span> <span class="n">mascotas</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"No corresponde"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"otro caso"</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<div class="output traceback highlight-ipythontb notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="gt">---------------------------------------------------------------------------</span>
<span class="ne">StdinNotImplementedError</span><span class="g g-Whitespace"> </span>Traceback (most recent call last)
<span class="o"><</span><span class="n">ipython</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="nb">input</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">b1d11ac99eb1</span><span class="o">></span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="o"><</span><span class="n">module</span><span class="o">></span>
<span class="g g-Whitespace"> </span><span class="mi">1</span> <span class="c1">#solicitar el número de mascotas</span>
<span class="ne">----> </span><span class="mi">2</span> <span class="n">mascotas</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="nb">int</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">input</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"¿Cuántas mascotas tiene?"</span><span class="p">))</span> <span class="c1">#int->enteros, float</span>
<span class="g g-Whitespace"> </span><span class="mi">3</span> <span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">mascotas</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="g g-Whitespace"> </span><span class="mi">4</span> <span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"No tiene mascotas"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="g g-Whitespace"> </span><span class="mi">5</span> <span class="k">elif</span> <span class="n">mascotas</span><span class="o">></span><span class="mi">0</span> <span class="ow">and</span> <span class="n">mascotas</span><span class="o"><=</span><span class="mi">3</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="nn">~/miniconda3/lib/python3.9/site-packages/ipykernel/kernelbase.py</span> in <span class="ni">raw_input</span><span class="nt">(self, prompt)</span>
<span class="g g-Whitespace"> </span><span class="mi">843</span> <span class="s2">"""</span>
<span class="g g-Whitespace"> </span><span class="mi">844</span><span class="s2"> if not self._allow_stdin:</span>
<span class="ne">--> </span><span class="mi">845</span><span class="s2"> raise StdinNotImplementedError(</span>
<span class="g g-Whitespace"> </span><span class="mi">846</span><span class="s2"> "raw_input was called, but this frontend does not support input requests."</span>
<span class="g g-Whitespace"> </span><span class="mi">847</span><span class="s2"> )</span>
<span class="ne">StdinNotImplementedError</span>: raw_input was called, but this frontend does not support input requests.
</pre></div>
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<ol>
<li><p>Crear dos listas, una con estilo musical (blues, rock, rap, trap, pop) y otra con grupos (Nina Simone, Led Zeppelin, Makiza, Pablo Chill-e, Dua Lipa). Luego crear una función que tenga como input “estilo” y output “recomendacion”. La función debe permitir:</p>
<ol class="simple">
<li><p>Leer el input estilo y compararlo con la lista de estilo musical.</p></li>
<li><p>Utilizar if/elif/else para crear condiciones que recomiende música. Por ejemplo, si estilo es igual a Blues, recomendar Nina Simone.</p></li>
<li><p>Si el estilo no está en la lista de estilo musical, debe mostrar “No tenemos recomendación para su estilo musical”.</p></li>
<li><p>El output debe ser la recomendación.</p></li>
</ol>
<p><em>Evaluar si la función se ejecuta correctamente para cada estilo musical</em></p>
</li>
</ol>
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<div class="highlight-ipython3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1">#Opción 1: input -> print de algo. Función no tiene un retorno</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">recomendacion</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">estilo</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">estilo</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s2">"blues"</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Nina Simone"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">elif</span> <span class="n">estilo</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s2">"rock"</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Led Zeppelin"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">elif</span> <span class="n">estilo</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s2">"rap"</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Makiza"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">elif</span> <span class="n">estilo</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s2">"trap"</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Pablo Chill-e"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">elif</span> <span class="n">estilo</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s2">"pop"</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"Dua Lipa"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"No tenemos recomendación para su estilo musical"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c1">#Llamar la función (como no está indentado, no está dentro de la funcióin anterior) </span>
<span class="n">grupo_rec</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">recomendacion</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"pop"</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<div class="output stream highlight-myst-ansi notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>Dua Lipa
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<div class="highlight-ipython3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1">#Opción 2: input -> output</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">recomendacion</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">estilo</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">recomend</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">estilo</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s2">"blues"</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="c1">#La variable recomend se crea cuando se cumple esta condición</span>
<span class="n">recomend</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">"Nina Simone"</span>
<span class="k">elif</span> <span class="n">estilo</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s2">"rock"</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">recomend</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">"Led Zeppelin"</span>
<span class="k">elif</span> <span class="n">estilo</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s2">"rap"</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">recomend</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">"Makiza"</span>
<span class="k">elif</span> <span class="n">estilo</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s2">"trap"</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">recomend</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">"Pablo Chill-e"</span>
<span class="k">elif</span> <span class="n">estilo</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="s2">"pop"</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">recomend</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">"Dua Lipa"</span>
<span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="c1"># recomend = "No tenemos recomendación para su estilo musical" </span>
<span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"No tenemos recomendación para su estilo musical"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">recomend</span>
<span class="n">recomend</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">recomendacion</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"asdasd"</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">recomend</span>
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<div class="output stream highlight-myst-ansi notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>No tenemos recomendación para su estilo musical
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<div class="output text_plain highlight-myst-ansi notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>0
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<div class="highlight-ipython3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1">#Opción 3</span>
<span class="c1">#Definir las variables como listas</span>
<span class="n">estilos</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">"blues"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"rock"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"rap"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"trap"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"pop"</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="n">grupos</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">"Nina Simone"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"Led Zeppelin"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"Makiza"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"Pablo Chill-e"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"Dua Lipa"</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">recomendacion</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">estilo_input</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">estilos</span><span class="p">)):</span> <span class="c1">#iteramos sobre las posiciones</span>
<span class="c1">#Si el estilo_input es igual al elemento i de la lista de estilos</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">estilo_input</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="n">estilos</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]:</span>
<span class="n">recomend</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">grupos</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="k">break</span> <span class="c1">#condición de salida</span>
<span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">recomend</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">"No tenemos recomendación"</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">recomend</span>
<span class="n">varios_estilos</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">"rock, pop"</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="n">recomendacion</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">varios_estilos</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<div class="output text_plain highlight-myst-ansi notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>'No tenemos recomendación'
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<ol class="simple">
<li><p>Crear una función que permita evaluar hasta tres estilos musicales y entregue una lista con las recomendaciones. Por ejemplo, si le entrego una lista con [rock, rap, pop] me debe retornar [Led Zeppelin, Makiza, Dua Lipa]. Adicionalmente:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p>Si le entrego una lista con 1 o 2 estilos musicales debe entregar 1 o 2 recomendaciones respectivamente.</p></li>
<li><p>Si le entrego una lista del tipo [trap, musica clasica] debe retornar la recomendación para trap [Pablo Chill-e].</p></li>
<li><p>Si le entrego una lista del tipo [musica clasica] debe retornar un mensaje “no tenemos recomendación para su estilo musical”.</p></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ol>
<ol class="simple">
<li><p>“blues”: igual a la pregunta anterior -> lo mismo para cualquier otro estilo que entra sólo como un texto</p></li>
<li><p>[“blues”]:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p>si el largo del input == 1 : porque los input pueden ser de largo 1, 2 o 3</p></li>
<li><p>iteramos sobre el total de estilos</p></li>
<li><p>si esl input (estilo) es la posición cero (primer elemento) es igual al valor de los estilos</p></li>
<li><p>output: guardar el grupo en la posición “i”. -> el largo del output es =1</p></li>
<li><p>cierre</p></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><p>[“blues”, “rock”]:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p>si el largo del input ==2:</p></li>
<li><p>crear una lista vacía para guardar las recomendaciones (pueden ser de largo 2, 1)</p></li>
<li><p>iteramos sobre el total de elementos de estilos</p></li>
<li><p>Comparamos el primer input con los estilos: “blues” - > “Nina Simone”</p></li>
<li><p>Si son iguales, guardar la recomendación. En caso contrario no hace nada</p></li>
<li><p>Repetir el proceso para el segundo elemento</p></li>
<li><p>Cierre</p></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><p>[“blues”, “rock”, “pop”]:
-La lógica es la misma que en el punto anterior.</p></li>
</ol>
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<div class="highlight-ipython3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1">#Definir las variables como listas</span>
<span class="n">estilos</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">"blues"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"rock"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"rap"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"trap"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"pop"</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="n">grupos</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="s2">"Nina Simone"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"Led Zeppelin"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"Makiza"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"Pablo Chill-e"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"Dua Lipa"</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">fun_recomend</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">estilo_in</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="c1">#Caso 1: entrada es como texto: "blues"</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="nb">type</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">estilo_in</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="nb">str</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">estilos</span><span class="p">)):</span><span class="c1">#iteramos sobre la posición en el vector de estilos</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">estilo_in</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="n">estilos</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]:</span>
<span class="n">recomend</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">grupos</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span>
<span class="k">break</span>
<span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">recomend</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">"No tenemos recomendación"</span>
<span class="c1">#Caso 2: Para todo lo demás, trabajamos como lista</span>
<span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="c1">#Caso 2.1: 1 estilo musical</span>
<span class="n">recomend</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mi">0</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">estilo_in</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">estilos</span><span class="p">)):</span><span class="c1">#iteramos sobre la posición en el vector de estilos </span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">estilo_in</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="n">estilos</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="p">:</span> <span class="c1">#Comparamos el primer valor (sólo hay uno) con todos los elementos del vector de estilos hasta que se cumpla</span>
<span class="n">recomend</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">grupos</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="c1">#Guardamos el grupo</span>
<span class="k">break</span>
<span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">recomend</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">"No tenemos recomendación"</span>
<span class="c1">#Caso 2.2: 2 estilos musicales </span>
<span class="k">elif</span> <span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">estilo_in</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="mi">2</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">recomend</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="nb">len</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">estilos</span><span class="p">)):</span> <span class="c1">#iteramos sobre la posición en el vector de estilos </span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">estilo_in</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="n">estilos</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]:</span> <span class="c1">#Evaluamos el primer elemento del input</span>
<span class="n">recomend</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">grupos</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="c1">#Si se cumple, agrega a la recomendación a la lista</span>
<span class="k">elif</span> <span class="n">estilo_in</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">==</span> <span class="n">estilos</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">]:</span><span class="c1">#Evaluamos el segundo elemento del input</span>
<span class="n">recomend</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">grupos</span><span class="p">[</span><span class="n">i</span><span class="p">])</span> <span class="c1">#Si se cumple, agrega a la recomendación a la lista</span>
<span class="k">else</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">recomend</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="s2">"No tenemos recomendación"</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">recomend</span>
<span class="n">fun_recomend</span><span class="p">([</span><span class="s2">"algo"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s2">"alog"</span><span class="p">])</span>
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<div class="output text_plain highlight-myst-ansi notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>'No tenemos recomendación'
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<div class="highlight-ipython3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="nb">type</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"hola"</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<div class="output text_plain highlight-myst-ansi notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>str
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<li><p>Crear una diccionario a partir de las dos listas donde la llave sea el estilo musical y el valor sea el grupo, ej: {‘rap’:’makiza’…}.</p></li>
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<div class="highlight-ipython3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1">#diccionario: {llave1:valor1, llave2:valor2}...</span>
<span class="n">musica_dic</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">{</span><span class="s1">'blues'</span><span class="p">:[</span><span class="s1">'Nina Simone'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'Miles Davis'</span><span class="p">],</span> <span class="s1">'rock'</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="s1">'Led Zeppelin'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'rap'</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="s1">'Makiza'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'trap'</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="s1">'Pablo Chill-e'</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'pop'</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="s1">'Dua Lipa'</span> <span class="p">}</span>
<span class="n">musica_dic</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">items</span><span class="p">()</span>
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<div class="output text_plain highlight-myst-ansi notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>dict_items([('blues', ['Nina Simone', 'Miles Davis']), ('rock', 'Led Zeppelin'), ('rap', 'Makiza'), ('trap', 'Pablo Chill-e'), ('pop', 'Dua Lipa')])
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<li><p>Crear una función que entregue una edad como un valor aleatorio entre 15-65 años y educación como otro valor aleatorio entre 0-22, pero tiene que ser menor que la edad.</p></li>
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<div class="highlight-ipython3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">random</span> <span class="c1">#Tiene un set de funciones sobre números aleatorios</span>
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<div class="highlight-ipython3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1">#Caso1: una sola persona</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">fun_edad_educ</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">eda_in</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">eda_end</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">edu_in</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">edu_end</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">edad</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">random</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">randint</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">eda_in</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">eda_end</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">educ</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">random</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">randint</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">edu_in</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">edu_end</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">edad</span> <span class="o"><</span> <span class="n">educ</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="c1">#Si la edad es< a la educación, calculamos nuevamente la educación</span>
<span class="n">educ</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">random</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">randint</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">edu_in</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">edu_end</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">edad</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">educ</span> <span class="c1">#Devuelve las variables locales</span>
<span class="n">edad</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">educ</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">fun_edad_educ</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">15</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">65</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">50</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1">#Creamos las variables globales</span>
<span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"edad:"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">edad</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"educ:"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">educ</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<div class="output stream highlight-myst-ansi notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>edad: 34
educ: 46
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<div class="highlight-ipython3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1">#Caso2: una sola persona</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">fun_edad_educ</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">eda_in</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">eda_end</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">edu_in</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">edu_end</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">edad</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">random</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">randint</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">eda_in</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">eda_end</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">educ</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">random</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">randint</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">edu_in</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">edu_end</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">while</span> <span class="n">edad</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">educ</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">edad</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">random</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">randint</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">eda_in</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">eda_end</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">educ</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">random</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">randint</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">edu_in</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">edu_end</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">edad</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">educ</span>
<span class="n">edad</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">educ</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">fun_edad_educ</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">15</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">65</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">50</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1">#Creamos las variables globales</span>
<span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"edad:"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">edad</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"educ:"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">educ</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<div class="output stream highlight-myst-ansi notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>edad: 48
educ: 24
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<div class="highlight-ipython3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1">#Caso 3: n personas</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">fun_edad_educ</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">N</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">eda_in</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">eda_end</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">edu_in</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">edu_end</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">edad_list</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
<span class="n">educ_list</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">N</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="c1">#ACA X </span>
<span class="n">edad</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">random</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">randint</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">eda_in</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">eda_end</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">educ</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">random</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">randint</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">edu_in</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">edu_end</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c1">#ACA X</span>
<span class="k">if</span> <span class="n">edad</span> <span class="o"><</span> <span class="n">educ</span><span class="p">:</span> <span class="c1">#Si la edad es< a la educación, calculamos nuevamente la educación</span>
<span class="n">educ</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">random</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">randint</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">edu_in</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">edu_end</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c1">#ACA podría ser</span>
<span class="c1">#ACA vamos a anexar a nuestras listas</span>
<span class="n">edad_list</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">edad</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">educ_list</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">educ</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">edad_list</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">educ_list</span> <span class="c1">#Devuelve las variables locales</span>
<span class="n">edad</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">educ</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">fun_edad_educ</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">15</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">65</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">50</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1">#Creamos las variables globales</span>
<span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"edad:"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">edad</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"educ:"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">educ</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<div class="output stream highlight-myst-ansi notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>edad: [31, 28, 55, 46, 54, 48, 52, 34, 56, 36]
educ: [11, 35, 24, 10, 30, 28, 48, 13, 35, 13]
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<div class="highlight-ipython3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="c1">#Caso4: varias personas</span>
<span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">fun_edad_educ</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">N</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">eda_in</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">eda_end</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">edu_in</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">edu_end</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">edad_list</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
<span class="n">educ_list</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="p">[]</span>
<span class="c1">#Iterar</span>
<span class="k">for</span> <span class="n">i</span> <span class="ow">in</span> <span class="nb">range</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">N</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">edad</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">random</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">randint</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">eda_in</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">eda_end</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">educ</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">random</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">randint</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">edu_in</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">edu_end</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">while</span> <span class="n">edad</span><span class="o"><</span><span class="n">educ</span><span class="p">:</span>
<span class="n">edad</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">random</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">randint</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">eda_in</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">eda_end</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">educ</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">random</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">randint</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">edu_in</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">edu_end</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="c1">#ACA vamos a anexar a nuestras listas (RECORDAR QUE ESTAMOS DENTRO DEL FOR)</span>
<span class="n">edad_list</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">edad</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">educ_list</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">append</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">educ</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">edad_list</span><span class="p">),</span> <span class="n">np</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">array</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">educ_list</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">edad</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">educ</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">fun_edad_educ</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">15</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">65</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mi">22</span><span class="p">)</span> <span class="c1">#Creamos las variables globales</span>
<span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"edad:"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">edad</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="nb">print</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s2">"educ:"</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">educ</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<div class="output stream highlight-myst-ansi notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>edad: [60 17 42 30 50 45 42 31 30 47]
educ: [12 10 19 7 8 14 0 5 15 6]
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<ol class="simple">
<li><p>Crear una función que calcule la experiencia como edad-educación</p></li>
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<div class="highlight-ipython3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">fun_exp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">edad</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">educ</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">edad</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">educ</span>
<span class="n">exp</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">fun_exp</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">edad</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">educ</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">exp</span>
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<div class="output text_plain highlight-myst-ansi notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>array([48, 7, 23, 23, 42, 31, 42, 26, 15, 41])
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<ol class="simple">
<li><p>Crear una función que calcule la estimación del ingreso según la ecuación de <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">Mincer</span></code>: <span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(Ln(Y) = \beta_0 + \beta_1 S + \beta_2 Exp + \beta_3 Exp^2\)</span>
Donde:</p></li>
</ol>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p><span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(S\)</span>: años de educación</p></li>
<li><p><span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(Exp\)</span>: experiencia</p></li>
<li><p><span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(Exp^2\)</span>: experiencia al cuadrado</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Utilice: <span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(\beta_0=9.7\)</span>, <span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(\beta_1=0.14\)</span>, <span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(\beta_2=0.07\)</span>, <span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(\beta_3=-0.001\)</span></p>
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<div class="highlight-ipython3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="k">def</span> <span class="nf">mincer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">S</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">Exp</span><span class="p">):</span>
<span class="n">β0</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">β1</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">β2</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">β3</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="mf">9.7</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.14</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="mf">0.07</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="o">-</span><span class="mf">0.001</span>
<span class="n">y_ln</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">β0</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">β1</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">S</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">β2</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Exp</span> <span class="o">+</span> <span class="n">β3</span><span class="o">*</span><span class="n">Exp</span><span class="o">**</span><span class="mi">2</span>
<span class="k">return</span> <span class="n">y_ln</span>
<span class="n">ln_y</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">mincer</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">educ</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">exp</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="n">ln_y</span>
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<div class="output text_plain highlight-myst-ansi notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>array([12.436, 11.541, 13.441, 11.761, 11.996, 12.869, 10.876, 11.544,
12.625, 11.729])
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<div class="highlight-ipython3 notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">matplotlib.pyplot</span> <span class="k">as</span> <span class="nn">plt</span>
<span class="n">plt</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">plot</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="n">exp</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="n">exp</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s1">'o'</span><span class="p">)</span>
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<div class="output text_plain highlight-myst-ansi notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span>[<matplotlib.lines.Line2D at 0x7f9636e62d90>]
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<div class="section" id="actividad">
<h2>Actividad<a class="headerlink" href="#actividad" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
</div>
<div class="section" id="instrucciones">
<h2><strong>Instrucciones:</strong><a class="headerlink" href="#instrucciones" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p>Cada pregunta la debe responder en una celda diferente (en total 4 celdas de código).</p></li>
<li><p>Antes de cada celda de código debe ir un <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">markdown</span></code> que muestre la pregunta que está respondiendo.</p></li>
<li><p>En la celda de código debe agregar un breve comentario de qué está haciendo.</p></li>
<li><p>Mandar el archivo <strong>PDF</strong> al correo <a class="reference external" href="mailto:felix.ordonez%40usach.cl">felix<span>.</span>ordonez<span>@</span>usach<span>.</span>cl</a> con el asunto “Actividad 1”.</p></li>
<li><p>Fecha de entrega: antes de la clase del 09/11.</p></li>
<li><p><em>En caso que no respete las instrucciones se le descontará puntaje de la nota</em></p></li>
</ul>
<p><strong>Nombre:</strong></p>
<ol class="simple">
<li><p>Crear una función que entregue una edad como un valor aleatorio entre 15-65 años, educación como otro valor aleatorio entre 0-22 (tiene que ser menor que la edad) y sexo igual a una variable dicotómica (0 o 1) aleatoria.</p></li>
<li><p>Crear una función que calcule la experiencia como edad-educación</p></li>
<li><p>Crear una función que calcule la estimación del ingreso según la ecuación de Mincer: <span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(Ln(y)=\beta_0+\beta_1S+\beta_2Exp+\beta_3Exp^2 + \beta_4 Sexo + \beta_5(Sexo*S)\)</span></p></li>
</ol>
<p>Donde:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p><span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(S\)</span>: años de educación</p></li>
<li><p><span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(Exp\)</span>: experiencia</p></li>
<li><p><span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(Exp^2\)</span>: experiencia al cuadrado</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Utilice: <span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(\beta_0=9.7\)</span>, <span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(\beta_1=0.15\)</span>, <span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(\beta_2=0.08\)</span>, <span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(\beta_3=-0.0011\)</span>, <span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(\beta_4=-0.15\)</span>, <span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(\beta_5=-0.0136\)</span></p>
<ol class="simple">
<li><p>Relice el proceso en una iteración para N = 100 personas, guarde los resultados mediante un diccionario que la llave sea la persona (<span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(n=1,\cdots,N\)</span>) y el valor sea una lista del tipo: [S, Exp, Exp2, Sexo, Sexo*S, Ln(y)].
<em>Muestre los resultados de su diccionario</em>.</p></li>
</ol>
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