-
Notifications
You must be signed in to change notification settings - Fork 1
/
Q. What exactly is comb filtering_.html
519 lines (449 loc) · 89.6 KB
/
Q. What exactly is comb filtering_.html
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
<!DOCTYPE html>
<!-- saved from url=(0071)https://www.soundonsound.com/sound-advice/q-what-exactly-comb-filtering -->
<html class="js" lang="en-gb" dir="ltr" prefix="content: http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/ dc: http://purl.org/dc/terms/ foaf: http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/ og: http://ogp.me/ns# rdfs: http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema# sioc: http://rdfs.org/sioc/ns# sioct: http://rdfs.org/sioc/types# skos: http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core# xsd: http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#"><!--<![endif]--><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no">
<link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://securepubads.g.doubleclick.net/">
<link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://tpc.googlesyndication.com/">
<link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://s.ytimg.com/">
<link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://pbs.twimg.com/">
<link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://o.twimg.com/">
<link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://www.youtube.com/">
<link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://syndication.twitter.com/">
<link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://googleads.g.doubleclick.net/">
<link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://ton.twimg.com/">
<link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://i.ytimg.com/">
<link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://js-agent.newrelic.com/">
<link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://bam.nr-data.net/">
<link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://www.google-analytics.com/">
<link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://stats.g.doubleclick.net/">
<!--[if IE]><![endif]-->
<link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://fonts.gstatic.com/">
<link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/">
<link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://www.google-analytics.com/">
<link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://stats.g.doubleclick.net/">
<link rel="dns-prefetch" href="https://facebook_tracking_pixel/">
<iframe id="pxcelframe" src="./Q. What exactly is comb filtering__files/t_.html" style="display: none;"></iframe><script src="./Q. What exactly is comb filtering__files/amp4ads-host-v0.js"></script><script src="./Q. What exactly is comb filtering__files/osd.js"></script><script src="./Q. What exactly is comb filtering__files/pubads_impl_rendering_2020040702.js"></script><script src="./Q. What exactly is comb filtering__files/2320784461577267" async=""></script><script async="" src="./Q. What exactly is comb filtering__files/fbevents.js"></script><script type="text/javascript" id="async-buttons" src="./Q. What exactly is comb filtering__files/async-buttons.js"></script><script type="text/javascript">(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).loader_config={xpid:"VQ8CU1VXGwIDVFVRAQA=",licenseKey:"ffefa5a1f6",applicationID:"1304361"};window.NREUM||(NREUM={}),__nr_require=function(t,n,e){function r(e){if(!n[e]){var o=n[e]={exports:{}};t[e][0].call(o.exports,function(n){var o=t[e][1][n];return r(o||n)},o,o.exports)}return n[e].exports}if("function"==typeof __nr_require)return __nr_require;for(var o=0;o<e.length;o++)r(e[o]);return r}({1:[function(t,n,e){function r(t){try{s.console&&console.log(t)}catch(n){}}var o,i=t("ee"),a=t(21),s={};try{o=localStorage.getItem("__nr_flags").split(","),console&&"function"==typeof console.log&&(s.console=!0,o.indexOf("dev")!==-1&&(s.dev=!0),o.indexOf("nr_dev")!==-1&&(s.nrDev=!0))}catch(c){}s.nrDev&&i.on("internal-error",function(t){r(t.stack)}),s.dev&&i.on("fn-err",function(t,n,e){r(e.stack)}),s.dev&&(r("NR AGENT IN DEVELOPMENT MODE"),r("flags: "+a(s,function(t,n){return t}).join(", ")))},{}],2:[function(t,n,e){function r(t,n,e,r,s){try{p?p-=1:o(s||new UncaughtException(t,n,e),!0)}catch(f){try{i("ierr",[f,c.now(),!0])}catch(d){}}return"function"==typeof u&&u.apply(this,a(arguments))}function UncaughtException(t,n,e){this.message=t||"Uncaught error with no additional information",this.sourceURL=n,this.line=e}function o(t,n){var e=n?null:c.now();i("err",[t,e])}var i=t("handle"),a=t(22),s=t("ee"),c=t("loader"),f=t("gos"),u=window.onerror,d=!1,l="nr@seenError",p=0;c.features.err=!0,t(1),window.onerror=r;try{throw new Error}catch(h){"stack"in h&&(t(9),t(8),"addEventListener"in window&&t(5),c.xhrWrappable&&t(10),d=!0)}s.on("fn-start",function(t,n,e){d&&(p+=1)}),s.on("fn-err",function(t,n,e){d&&!e[l]&&(f(e,l,function(){return!0}),this.thrown=!0,o(e))}),s.on("fn-end",function(){d&&!this.thrown&&p>0&&(p-=1)}),s.on("internal-error",function(t){i("ierr",[t,c.now(),!0])})},{}],3:[function(t,n,e){t("loader").features.ins=!0},{}],4:[function(t,n,e){function r(t){}if(window.performance&&window.performance.timing&&window.performance.getEntriesByType){var o=t("ee"),i=t("handle"),a=t(9),s=t(8),c="learResourceTimings",f="addEventListener",u="resourcetimingbufferfull",d="bstResource",l="resource",p="-start",h="-end",m="fn"+p,w="fn"+h,v="bstTimer",g="pushState",y=t("loader");y.features.stn=!0,t(7),"addEventListener"in window&&t(5);var x=NREUM.o.EV;o.on(m,function(t,n){var e=t[0];e instanceof x&&(this.bstStart=y.now())}),o.on(w,function(t,n){var e=t[0];e instanceof x&&i("bst",[e,n,this.bstStart,y.now()])}),a.on(m,function(t,n,e){this.bstStart=y.now(),this.bstType=e}),a.on(w,function(t,n){i(v,[n,this.bstStart,y.now(),this.bstType])}),s.on(m,function(){this.bstStart=y.now()}),s.on(w,function(t,n){i(v,[n,this.bstStart,y.now(),"requestAnimationFrame"])}),o.on(g+p,function(t){this.time=y.now(),this.startPath=location.pathname+location.hash}),o.on(g+h,function(t){i("bstHist",[location.pathname+location.hash,this.startPath,this.time])}),f in window.performance&&(window.performance["c"+c]?window.performance[f](u,function(t){i(d,[window.performance.getEntriesByType(l)]),window.performance["c"+c]()},!1):window.performance[f]("webkit"+u,function(t){i(d,[window.performance.getEntriesByType(l)]),window.performance["webkitC"+c]()},!1)),document[f]("scroll",r,{passive:!0}),document[f]("keypress",r,!1),document[f]("click",r,!1)}},{}],5:[function(t,n,e){function r(t){for(var n=t;n&&!n.hasOwnProperty(u);)n=Object.getPrototypeOf(n);n&&o(n)}function o(t){s.inPlace(t,[u,d],"-",i)}function i(t,n){return t[1]}var a=t("ee").get("events"),s=t("wrap-function")(a,!0),c=t("gos"),f=XMLHttpRequest,u="addEventListener",d="removeEventListener";n.exports=a,"getPrototypeOf"in Object?(r(document),r(window),r(f.prototype)):f.prototype.hasOwnProperty(u)&&(o(window),o(f.prototype)),a.on(u+"-start",function(t,n){var e=t[1],r=c(e,"nr@wrapped",function(){function t(){if("function"==typeof e.handleEvent)return e.handleEvent.apply(e,arguments)}var n={object:t,"function":e}[typeof e];return n?s(n,"fn-",null,n.name||"anonymous"):e});this.wrapped=t[1]=r}),a.on(d+"-start",function(t){t[1]=this.wrapped||t[1]})},{}],6:[function(t,n,e){function r(t,n,e){var r=t[n];"function"==typeof r&&(t[n]=function(){var t=i(arguments),n={};o.emit(e+"before-start",[t],n);var a;n[m]&&n[m].dt&&(a=n[m].dt);var s=r.apply(this,t);return o.emit(e+"start",[t,a],s),s.then(function(t){return o.emit(e+"end",[null,t],s),t},function(t){throw o.emit(e+"end",[t],s),t})})}var o=t("ee").get("fetch"),i=t(22),a=t(21);n.exports=o;var s=window,c="fetch-",f=c+"body-",u=["arrayBuffer","blob","json","text","formData"],d=s.Request,l=s.Response,p=s.fetch,h="prototype",m="nr@context";d&&l&&p&&(a(u,function(t,n){r(d[h],n,f),r(l[h],n,f)}),r(s,"fetch",c),o.on(c+"end",function(t,n){var e=this;if(n){var r=n.headers.get("content-length");null!==r&&(e.rxSize=r),o.emit(c+"done",[null,n],e)}else o.emit(c+"done",[t],e)}))},{}],7:[function(t,n,e){var r=t("ee").get("history"),o=t("wrap-function")(r);n.exports=r;var i=window.history&&window.history.constructor&&window.history.constructor.prototype,a=window.history;i&&i.pushState&&i.replaceState&&(a=i),o.inPlace(a,["pushState","replaceState"],"-")},{}],8:[function(t,n,e){var r=t("ee").get("raf"),o=t("wrap-function")(r),i="equestAnimationFrame";n.exports=r,o.inPlace(window,["r"+i,"mozR"+i,"webkitR"+i,"msR"+i],"raf-"),r.on("raf-start",function(t){t[0]=o(t[0],"fn-")})},{}],9:[function(t,n,e){function r(t,n,e){t[0]=a(t[0],"fn-",null,e)}function o(t,n,e){this.method=e,this.timerDuration=isNaN(t[1])?0:+t[1],t[0]=a(t[0],"fn-",this,e)}var i=t("ee").get("timer"),a=t("wrap-function")(i),s="setTimeout",c="setInterval",f="clearTimeout",u="-start",d="-";n.exports=i,a.inPlace(window,[s,"setImmediate"],s+d),a.inPlace(window,[c],c+d),a.inPlace(window,[f,"clearImmediate"],f+d),i.on(c+u,r),i.on(s+u,o)},{}],10:[function(t,n,e){function r(t,n){d.inPlace(n,["onreadystatechange"],"fn-",s)}function o(){var t=this,n=u.context(t);t.readyState>3&&!n.resolved&&(n.resolved=!0,u.emit("xhr-resolved",[],t)),d.inPlace(t,g,"fn-",s)}function i(t){y.push(t),h&&(b?b.then(a):w?w(a):(E=-E,O.data=E))}function a(){for(var t=0;t<y.length;t++)r([],y[t]);y.length&&(y=[])}function s(t,n){return n}function c(t,n){for(var e in t)n[e]=t[e];return n}t(5);var f=t("ee"),u=f.get("xhr"),d=t("wrap-function")(u),l=NREUM.o,p=l.XHR,h=l.MO,m=l.PR,w=l.SI,v="readystatechange",g=["onload","onerror","onabort","onloadstart","onloadend","onprogress","ontimeout"],y=[];n.exports=u;var x=window.XMLHttpRequest=function(t){var n=new p(t);try{u.emit("new-xhr",[n],n),n.addEventListener(v,o,!1)}catch(e){try{u.emit("internal-error",[e])}catch(r){}}return n};if(c(p,x),x.prototype=p.prototype,d.inPlace(x.prototype,["open","send"],"-xhr-",s),u.on("send-xhr-start",function(t,n){r(t,n),i(n)}),u.on("open-xhr-start",r),h){var b=m&&m.resolve();if(!w&&!m){var E=1,O=document.createTextNode(E);new h(a).observe(O,{characterData:!0})}}else f.on("fn-end",function(t){t[0]&&t[0].type===v||a()})},{}],11:[function(t,n,e){function r(t){if(!i(t))return null;var n=window.NREUM;if(!n.loader_config)return null;var e=(n.loader_config.accountID||"").toString()||null,r=(n.loader_config.agentID||"").toString()||null,s=(n.loader_config.trustKey||"").toString()||null;if(!e||!r)return null;var c=a.generateCatId(),f=a.generateCatId(),u=Date.now(),d=o(c,f,u,e,r,s);return{header:d,guid:c,traceId:f,timestamp:u}}function o(t,n,e,r,o,i){var a="btoa"in window&&"function"==typeof window.btoa;if(!a)return null;var s={v:[0,1],d:{ty:"Browser",ac:r,ap:o,id:t,tr:n,ti:e}};return i&&r!==i&&(s.d.tk=i),btoa(JSON.stringify(s))}function i(t){var n=!1,e=!1,r={};if("init"in NREUM&&"distributed_tracing"in NREUM.init&&(r=NREUM.init.distributed_tracing,e=!!r.enabled),e)if(t.sameOrigin)n=!0;else if(r.allowed_origins instanceof Array)for(var o=0;o<r.allowed_origins.length;o++){var i=s(r.allowed_origins[o]);if(t.hostname===i.hostname&&t.protocol===i.protocol&&t.port===i.port){n=!0;break}}return e&&n}var a=t(19),s=t(13);n.exports={generateTracePayload:r,shouldGenerateTrace:i}},{}],12:[function(t,n,e){function r(t){var n=this.params,e=this.metrics;if(!this.ended){this.ended=!0;for(var r=0;r<l;r++)t.removeEventListener(d[r],this.listener,!1);n.aborted||(e.duration=a.now()-this.startTime,this.loadCaptureCalled||4!==t.readyState?null==n.status&&(n.status=0):i(this,t),e.cbTime=this.cbTime,u.emit("xhr-done",[t],t),s("xhr",[n,e,this.startTime]))}}function o(t,n){var e=c(n),r=t.params;r.host=e.hostname+":"+e.port,r.pathname=e.pathname,t.parsedOrigin=c(n),t.sameOrigin=t.parsedOrigin.sameOrigin}function i(t,n){t.params.status=n.status;var e=w(n,t.lastSize);if(e&&(t.metrics.rxSize=e),t.sameOrigin){var r=n.getResponseHeader("X-NewRelic-App-Data");r&&(t.params.cat=r.split(", ").pop())}t.loadCaptureCalled=!0}var a=t("loader");if(a.xhrWrappable){var s=t("handle"),c=t(13),f=t(11).generateTracePayload,u=t("ee"),d=["load","error","abort","timeout"],l=d.length,p=t("id"),h=t(17),m=t(16),w=t(14),v=window.XMLHttpRequest;a.features.xhr=!0,t(10),t(6),u.on("new-xhr",function(t){var n=this;n.totalCbs=0,n.called=0,n.cbTime=0,n.end=r,n.ended=!1,n.xhrGuids={},n.lastSize=null,n.loadCaptureCalled=!1,t.addEventListener("load",function(e){i(n,t)},!1),h&&(h>34||h<10)||window.opera||t.addEventListener("progress",function(t){n.lastSize=t.loaded},!1)}),u.on("open-xhr-start",function(t){this.params={method:t[0]},o(this,t[1]),this.metrics={}}),u.on("open-xhr-end",function(t,n){"loader_config"in NREUM&&"xpid"in NREUM.loader_config&&this.sameOrigin&&n.setRequestHeader("X-NewRelic-ID",NREUM.loader_config.xpid);var e=f(this.parsedOrigin);e&&e.header&&(n.setRequestHeader("newrelic",e.header),this.dt=e)}),u.on("send-xhr-start",function(t,n){var e=this.metrics,r=t[0],o=this;if(e&&r){var i=m(r);i&&(e.txSize=i)}this.startTime=a.now(),this.listener=function(t){try{"abort"!==t.type||o.loadCaptureCalled||(o.params.aborted=!0),("load"!==t.type||o.called===o.totalCbs&&(o.onloadCalled||"function"!=typeof n.onload))&&o.end(n)}catch(e){try{u.emit("internal-error",[e])}catch(r){}}};for(var s=0;s<l;s++)n.addEventListener(d[s],this.listener,!1)}),u.on("xhr-cb-time",function(t,n,e){this.cbTime+=t,n?this.onloadCalled=!0:this.called+=1,this.called!==this.totalCbs||!this.onloadCalled&&"function"==typeof e.onload||this.end(e)}),u.on("xhr-load-added",function(t,n){var e=""+p(t)+!!n;this.xhrGuids&&!this.xhrGuids[e]&&(this.xhrGuids[e]=!0,this.totalCbs+=1)}),u.on("xhr-load-removed",function(t,n){var e=""+p(t)+!!n;this.xhrGuids&&this.xhrGuids[e]&&(delete this.xhrGuids[e],this.totalCbs-=1)}),u.on("addEventListener-end",function(t,n){n instanceof v&&"load"===t[0]&&u.emit("xhr-load-added",[t[1],t[2]],n)}),u.on("removeEventListener-end",function(t,n){n instanceof v&&"load"===t[0]&&u.emit("xhr-load-removed",[t[1],t[2]],n)}),u.on("fn-start",function(t,n,e){n instanceof v&&("onload"===e&&(this.onload=!0),("load"===(t[0]&&t[0].type)||this.onload)&&(this.xhrCbStart=a.now()))}),u.on("fn-end",function(t,n){this.xhrCbStart&&u.emit("xhr-cb-time",[a.now()-this.xhrCbStart,this.onload,n],n)}),u.on("fetch-before-start",function(t){var n,e=t[1]||{};"string"==typeof t[0]?n=t[0]:t[0]&&t[0].url&&(n=t[0].url),n&&(this.parsedOrigin=c(n),this.sameOrigin=this.parsedOrigin.sameOrigin);var r=f(this.parsedOrigin);if(r&&r.header){var o=r.header;if("string"==typeof t[0]){var i={};for(var a in e)i[a]=e[a];i.headers=new Headers(e.headers||{}),i.headers.set("newrelic",o),this.dt=r,t.length>1?t[1]=i:t.push(i)}else t[0]&&t[0].headers&&(t[0].headers.append("newrelic",o),this.dt=r)}})}},{}],13:[function(t,n,e){var r={};n.exports=function(t){if(t in r)return r[t];var n=document.createElement("a"),e=window.location,o={};n.href=t,o.port=n.port;var i=n.href.split("://");!o.port&&i[1]&&(o.port=i[1].split("/")[0].split("@").pop().split(":")[1]),o.port&&"0"!==o.port||(o.port="https"===i[0]?"443":"80"),o.hostname=n.hostname||e.hostname,o.pathname=n.pathname,o.protocol=i[0],"/"!==o.pathname.charAt(0)&&(o.pathname="/"+o.pathname);var a=!n.protocol||":"===n.protocol||n.protocol===e.protocol,s=n.hostname===document.domain&&n.port===e.port;return o.sameOrigin=a&&(!n.hostname||s),"/"===o.pathname&&(r[t]=o),o}},{}],14:[function(t,n,e){function r(t,n){var e=t.responseType;return"json"===e&&null!==n?n:"arraybuffer"===e||"blob"===e||"json"===e?o(t.response):"text"===e||"document"===e||""===e||void 0===e?o(t.responseText):void 0}var o=t(16);n.exports=r},{}],15:[function(t,n,e){function r(){}function o(t,n,e){return function(){return i(t,[f.now()].concat(s(arguments)),n?null:this,e),n?void 0:this}}var i=t("handle"),a=t(21),s=t(22),c=t("ee").get("tracer"),f=t("loader"),u=NREUM;"undefined"==typeof window.newrelic&&(newrelic=u);var d=["setPageViewName","setCustomAttribute","setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","inlineHit","addRelease"],l="api-",p=l+"ixn-";a(d,function(t,n){u[n]=o(l+n,!0,"api")}),u.addPageAction=o(l+"addPageAction",!0),u.setCurrentRouteName=o(l+"routeName",!0),n.exports=newrelic,u.interaction=function(){return(new r).get()};var h=r.prototype={createTracer:function(t,n){var e={},r=this,o="function"==typeof n;return i(p+"tracer",[f.now(),t,e],r),function(){if(c.emit((o?"":"no-")+"fn-start",[f.now(),r,o],e),o)try{return n.apply(this,arguments)}catch(t){throw c.emit("fn-err",[arguments,this,t],e),t}finally{c.emit("fn-end",[f.now()],e)}}}};a("actionText,setName,setAttribute,save,ignore,onEnd,getContext,end,get".split(","),function(t,n){h[n]=o(p+n)}),newrelic.noticeError=function(t,n){"string"==typeof t&&(t=new Error(t)),i("err",[t,f.now(),!1,n])}},{}],16:[function(t,n,e){n.exports=function(t){if("string"==typeof t&&t.length)return t.length;if("object"==typeof t){if("undefined"!=typeof ArrayBuffer&&t instanceof ArrayBuffer&&t.byteLength)return t.byteLength;if("undefined"!=typeof Blob&&t instanceof Blob&&t.size)return t.size;if(!("undefined"!=typeof FormData&&t instanceof FormData))try{return JSON.stringify(t).length}catch(n){return}}}},{}],17:[function(t,n,e){var r=0,o=navigator.userAgent.match(/Firefox[\/\s](\d+\.\d+)/);o&&(r=+o[1]),n.exports=r},{}],18:[function(t,n,e){function r(t,n){var e=t.getEntries();e.forEach(function(t){"first-paint"===t.name?c("timing",["fp",Math.floor(t.startTime)]):"first-contentful-paint"===t.name&&c("timing",["fcp",Math.floor(t.startTime)])})}function o(t,n){var e=t.getEntries();e.length>0&&c("lcp",[e[e.length-1]])}function i(t){if(t instanceof u&&!l){var n,e=Math.round(t.timeStamp);n=e>1e12?Date.now()-e:f.now()-e,l=!0,c("timing",["fi",e,{type:t.type,fid:n}])}}if(!("init"in NREUM&&"page_view_timing"in NREUM.init&&"enabled"in NREUM.init.page_view_timing&&NREUM.init.page_view_timing.enabled===!1)){var a,s,c=t("handle"),f=t("loader"),u=NREUM.o.EV;if("PerformanceObserver"in window&&"function"==typeof window.PerformanceObserver){a=new PerformanceObserver(r),s=new PerformanceObserver(o);try{a.observe({entryTypes:["paint"]}),s.observe({entryTypes:["largest-contentful-paint"]})}catch(d){}}if("addEventListener"in document){var l=!1,p=["click","keydown","mousedown","pointerdown","touchstart"];p.forEach(function(t){document.addEventListener(t,i,!1)})}}},{}],19:[function(t,n,e){function r(){function t(){return n?15&n[e++]:16*Math.random()|0}var n=null,e=0,r=window.crypto||window.msCrypto;r&&r.getRandomValues&&(n=r.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(31)));for(var o,i="xxxxxxxx-xxxx-4xxx-yxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx",a="",s=0;s<i.length;s++)o=i[s],"x"===o?a+=t().toString(16):"y"===o?(o=3&t()|8,a+=o.toString(16)):a+=o;return a}function o(){function t(){return n?15&n[e++]:16*Math.random()|0}var n=null,e=0,r=window.crypto||window.msCrypto;r&&r.getRandomValues&&Uint8Array&&(n=r.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(31)));for(var o=[],i=0;i<16;i++)o.push(t().toString(16));return o.join("")}n.exports={generateUuid:r,generateCatId:o}},{}],20:[function(t,n,e){function r(t,n){if(!o)return!1;if(t!==o)return!1;if(!n)return!0;if(!i)return!1;for(var e=i.split("."),r=n.split("."),a=0;a<r.length;a++)if(r[a]!==e[a])return!1;return!0}var o=null,i=null,a=/Version\/(\S+)\s+Safari/;if(navigator.userAgent){var s=navigator.userAgent,c=s.match(a);c&&s.indexOf("Chrome")===-1&&s.indexOf("Chromium")===-1&&(o="Safari",i=c[1])}n.exports={agent:o,version:i,match:r}},{}],21:[function(t,n,e){function r(t,n){var e=[],r="",i=0;for(r in t)o.call(t,r)&&(e[i]=n(r,t[r]),i+=1);return e}var o=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;n.exports=r},{}],22:[function(t,n,e){function r(t,n,e){n||(n=0),"undefined"==typeof e&&(e=t?t.length:0);for(var r=-1,o=e-n||0,i=Array(o<0?0:o);++r<o;)i[r]=t[n+r];return i}n.exports=r},{}],23:[function(t,n,e){n.exports={exists:"undefined"!=typeof window.performance&&window.performance.timing&&"undefined"!=typeof window.performance.timing.navigationStart}},{}],ee:[function(t,n,e){function r(){}function o(t){function n(t){return t&&t instanceof r?t:t?c(t,s,i):i()}function e(e,r,o,i){if(!l.aborted||i){t&&t(e,r,o);for(var a=n(o),s=m(e),c=s.length,f=0;f<c;f++)s[f].apply(a,r);var d=u[y[e]];return d&&d.push([x,e,r,a]),a}}function p(t,n){g[t]=m(t).concat(n)}function h(t,n){var e=g[t];if(e)for(var r=0;r<e.length;r++)e[r]===n&&e.splice(r,1)}function m(t){return g[t]||[]}function w(t){return d[t]=d[t]||o(e)}function v(t,n){f(t,function(t,e){n=n||"feature",y[e]=n,n in u||(u[n]=[])})}var g={},y={},x={on:p,addEventListener:p,removeEventListener:h,emit:e,get:w,listeners:m,context:n,buffer:v,abort:a,aborted:!1};return x}function i(){return new r}function a(){(u.api||u.feature)&&(l.aborted=!0,u=l.backlog={})}var s="nr@context",c=t("gos"),f=t(21),u={},d={},l=n.exports=o();l.backlog=u},{}],gos:[function(t,n,e){function r(t,n,e){if(o.call(t,n))return t[n];var r=e();if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.defineProperty(t,n,{value:r,writable:!0,enumerable:!1}),r}catch(i){}return t[n]=r,r}var o=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;n.exports=r},{}],handle:[function(t,n,e){function r(t,n,e,r){o.buffer([t],r),o.emit(t,n,e)}var o=t("ee").get("handle");n.exports=r,r.ee=o},{}],id:[function(t,n,e){function r(t){var n=typeof t;return!t||"object"!==n&&"function"!==n?-1:t===window?0:a(t,i,function(){return o++})}var o=1,i="nr@id",a=t("gos");n.exports=r},{}],loader:[function(t,n,e){function r(){if(!E++){var t=b.info=NREUM.info,n=p.getElementsByTagName("script")[0];if(setTimeout(u.abort,3e4),!(t&&t.licenseKey&&t.applicationID&&n))return u.abort();f(y,function(n,e){t[n]||(t[n]=e)}),c("mark",["onload",a()+b.offset],null,"api");var e=p.createElement("script");e.src="https://"+t.agent,n.parentNode.insertBefore(e,n)}}function o(){"complete"===p.readyState&&i()}function i(){c("mark",["domContent",a()+b.offset],null,"api")}function a(){return O.exists&&performance.now?Math.round(performance.now()):(s=Math.max((new Date).getTime(),s))-b.offset}var s=(new Date).getTime(),c=t("handle"),f=t(21),u=t("ee"),d=t(20),l=window,p=l.document,h="addEventListener",m="attachEvent",w=l.XMLHttpRequest,v=w&&w.prototype;NREUM.o={ST:setTimeout,SI:l.setImmediate,CT:clearTimeout,XHR:w,REQ:l.Request,EV:l.Event,PR:l.Promise,MO:l.MutationObserver};var g=""+location,y={beacon:"bam.nr-data.net",errorBeacon:"bam.nr-data.net",agent:"js-agent.newrelic.com/nr-1167.min.js"},x=w&&v&&v[h]&&!/CriOS/.test(navigator.userAgent),b=n.exports={offset:s,now:a,origin:g,features:{},xhrWrappable:x,userAgent:d};t(15),t(18),p[h]?(p[h]("DOMContentLoaded",i,!1),l[h]("load",r,!1)):(p[m]("onreadystatechange",o),l[m]("onload",r)),c("mark",["firstbyte",s],null,"api");var E=0,O=t(23)},{}],"wrap-function":[function(t,n,e){function r(t){return!(t&&t instanceof Function&&t.apply&&!t[a])}var o=t("ee"),i=t(22),a="nr@original",s=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty,c=!1;n.exports=function(t,n){function e(t,n,e,o){function nrWrapper(){var r,a,s,c;try{a=this,r=i(arguments),s="function"==typeof e?e(r,a):e||{}}catch(f){l([f,"",[r,a,o],s])}u(n+"start",[r,a,o],s);try{return c=t.apply(a,r)}catch(d){throw u(n+"err",[r,a,d],s),d}finally{u(n+"end",[r,a,c],s)}}return r(t)?t:(n||(n=""),nrWrapper[a]=t,d(t,nrWrapper),nrWrapper)}function f(t,n,o,i){o||(o="");var a,s,c,f="-"===o.charAt(0);for(c=0;c<n.length;c++)s=n[c],a=t[s],r(a)||(t[s]=e(a,f?s+o:o,i,s))}function u(e,r,o){if(!c||n){var i=c;c=!0;try{t.emit(e,r,o,n)}catch(a){l([a,e,r,o])}c=i}}function d(t,n){if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{var e=Object.keys(t);return e.forEach(function(e){Object.defineProperty(n,e,{get:function(){return t[e]},set:function(n){return t[e]=n,n}})}),n}catch(r){l([r])}for(var o in t)s.call(t,o)&&(n[o]=t[o]);return n}function l(n){try{t.emit("internal-error",n)}catch(e){}}return t||(t=o),e.inPlace=f,e.flag=a,e}},{}]},{},["loader",2,12,4,3]);</script>
<meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width">
<link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" href="https://www.soundonsound.com/sites/all/themes/sound_on_sound/apple-touch-icon-precomposed-144x144.png" sizes="144x144">
<link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" href="https://www.soundonsound.com/sites/all/themes/sound_on_sound/apple-touch-icon-precomposed-72x72.png" sizes="72x72">
<link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" href="https://www.soundonsound.com/sites/all/themes/sound_on_sound/apple-touch-icon-precomposed.png">
<link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" href="https://www.soundonsound.com/sites/all/themes/sound_on_sound/apple-touch-icon-precomposed-114x114.png" sizes="114x114">
<meta http-equiv="cleartype" content="on">
<meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true">
<link rel="profile" href="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml/vocab">
<link rel="shortcut icon" href="https://www.soundonsound.com/sites/default/files/favicon_0.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon">
<link rel="amphtml" href="https://www.soundonsound.com/sound-advice/q-what-exactly-comb-filtering?amp">
<script type="application/ld+json">
{"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"name":"Sound Advice","@id":"https:\/\/www.soundonsound.com\/sound-advice"}}]}
</script><meta name="description" content="I've read many articles in which you mention phase and comb filtering but I'm not really sure what these terms mean or how...">
<meta name="keywords" content="M-Audio Fast Track Pro, GAP Project Pre 73, Shure SM7b, mic up live drums, DI box, ground loop, parallel compression">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width">
<meta name="generator" content="Drupal 7 (http://drupal.org)">
<link rel="canonical" href="https://www.soundonsound.com/sound-advice/q-what-exactly-comb-filtering">
<link rel="shortlink" href="https://www.soundonsound.com/node/4903852">
<noscript><img height="1" width="1" style="display:none" src="https://www.facebook.com/tr?id=2320784461577267&ev=PageView&noscript=1"/></noscript> <title>Q. What exactly is comb filtering?</title>
<link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="./Q. What exactly is comb filtering__files/css__aAriLot4uKD0hKmr_yA6STCu7wDa-T_HAFDB3G2TBzc__yBjxF4osgevAj_H_J4vuGNKuA4PxAwV7HnYd7-7JtYc__3yeZSqW11iB5oW4FT-_p9qwMvnh2JAifUEZTSt7V5Ec.css" media="all">
<!--[if lte IE 8]>
<link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://dt7v1i9vyp3mf.cloudfront.net/advagg_css/css__S7Psu8DOCUFFfndZOTGYiAZQaVtZgYmQ7g3HXRAsxPw__GLELJZWK4Fvdc9lQB6QSovdnkVPEPETHPt3Qb5SoUjs__3yeZSqW11iB5oW4FT-_p9qwMvnh2JAifUEZTSt7V5Ec.css" media="all" />
<![endif]-->
<style>#sliding-popup.sliding-popup-top,#sliding-popup.sliding-popup-top .eu-cookie-withdraw-banner,.eu-cookie-withdraw-tab{background:#489af3;}#sliding-popup.sliding-popup-top.eu-cookie-withdraw-wrapper{background:transparent}#sliding-popup .popup-content #popup-text h1,#sliding-popup .popup-content #popup-text h2,#sliding-popup .popup-content #popup-text h3,#sliding-popup .popup-content #popup-text p,#sliding-popup label,#sliding-popup div,.eu-cookie-compliance-secondary-button,.eu-cookie-withdraw-tab{color:#ffffff !important;}.eu-cookie-withdraw-tab{border-color:#ffffff;}.eu-cookie-compliance-more-button{color:#ffffff !important;}#sliding-popup.sliding-popup-top{position:fixed;}
</style>
<script type="text/javascript" src="./Q. What exactly is comb filtering__files/js__gagUJiW5Oh4DVrxz-FA6nBfHSR175Ej1gnTVlbQP2ZQ__8kfj5O_030t7BBbDYWRi8TtS91qa4E1xuUh103eCdio__3yeZSqW11iB5oW4FT-_p9qwMvnh2JAifUEZTSt7V5Ec.js"></script><script src="./Q. What exactly is comb filtering__files/pubads_impl_2020040702.js" id="gpt-impl-0.7894028287516512" nonce=""></script><link rel="preload" href="./Q. What exactly is comb filtering__files/f.txt" as="script"><script src="./Q. What exactly is comb filtering__files/f.txt"></script><script>processGoogleTokenSync({"newToken":"FBS"},5);</script>
<script type="text/javascript">
<!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
(function(i,s,o,r){i["GoogleAnalyticsObject"]=r;i[r]=i[r]||function(){(i[r].q=i[r].q||[]).push(arguments)},i[r].l=1*new Date()})(window,document,"script","ga");ga("create", "UA-6700982-1", {"cookieDomain":"auto"});ga("create", "UA-6700982-1", "auto", {"useAmpClientId": true});ga("send", "pageview");
//--><!]]>
</script>
<link rel="prefetch" href="https://tpc.googlesyndication.com/safeframe/1-0-37/html/container.html"><link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="./Q. What exactly is comb filtering__files/buttons-secure.css"></head>
<body class="html not-front not-logged-in page-node page-node- page-node-4903852 node-type-article section-sound-advice jquery-once-5-processed eu-cookie-compliance-processed">
<a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/sound-advice/q-what-exactly-comb-filtering#main-content" class="element-invisible element-focusable">Skip to main content</a>
<div class="l-page">
<header class="l-header" role="banner">
<div class="l-region l-region--header">
<nav id="block-system-user-menu" role="navigation" class="block block--system block--menu block--system-user-menu">
<ul class="menu"><li class="first leaf"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/user/login" class="cboxElement">Log in</a></li>
<li class="leaf"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/user/register" title="">Register</a></li>
<li class="leaf"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/shop/subscriptions" title="">Subscribe</a></li>
<li class="leaf"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/shop" title="">Shop</a></li>
<li class="last leaf"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/help" title="">Help</a></li>
</ul></nav>
<div id="block-commerce-cart-cart" class="block block--commerce-cart block--commerce-cart-cart">
<div class="block__content">
<div class="line-item-quantity">
<span class="line-item-quantity-raw">0</span>
<span class="line-item-quantity-label">items</span>
</div> </div>
</div>
<div id="block-sos-tools-sos-tools-search" class="block block--sos-tools block--sos-tools-sos-tools-search">
<div class="block__content">
<form class="sos-tools-search-block-form" action="https://www.soundonsound.com/sound-advice/q-what-exactly-comb-filtering" method="post" id="sos-tools-search-block-form" accept-charset="UTF-8"><div><div class="form-item form-type-textfield form-item-search">
<label class="element-invisible" for="edit-search">Search </label>
<input placeholder="Search" type="text" id="edit-search" name="search" value="" size="60" maxlength="128" class="form-text">
</div>
<input type="submit" id="edit-submit" name="op" value="Search" class="form-submit"><input type="hidden" name="form_build_id" value="form-WBTPlNIXaj88aK8pMdcoHCXzkrnC-U5AoypZxp9HNj8">
<input type="hidden" name="form_id" value="sos_tools_search_block_form">
</div></form> </div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="l-branding">
<div class="branding-data">
<a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/" title="Home" rel="home"><img class="site-logo" src="./Q. What exactly is comb filtering__files/logo.jpg" alt="Home"></a>
<a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/" title="Home" rel="home"><img class="site-logo-mobile" src="./Q. What exactly is comb filtering__files/logo-mobile.png" alt="Home"></a>
<h2 class="site-slogan">SOUND ON SOUND</h2>
</div>
<div class="l-region l-region--branding">
<div id="block-dfp-sos-leaderb-728x90" class="block block--dfp block--dfp-sos-leaderb-728x90">
<div class="block__content">
<div id="dfp-ad-sos_leaderb_728x90-wrapper" class="dfp-tag-wrapper">
<div id="dfp-ad-sos_leaderb_728x90" class="dfp-tag-wrapper" data-google-query-id="CLHE9sLV5egCFYIIXAodLygHAA">
<div id="google_ads_iframe_/5445168/SOS_Leaderboard_728x90_0__container__" style="border: 0pt none;"><iframe id="google_ads_iframe_/5445168/SOS_Leaderboard_728x90_0" title="3rd party ad content" name="google_ads_iframe_/5445168/SOS_Leaderboard_728x90_0" width="728" height="90" scrolling="no" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" frameborder="0" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: bottom;" data-google-container-id="1" data-load-complete="true" src="./Q. What exactly is comb filtering__files/saved_resource(1).html"></iframe></div></div>
</div> </div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="l-region l-region--navigation">
<nav id="block-menu-block-1" role="navigation" class="block block--menu-block block--menu-block-1 responsive-menus-mean-menu-processed" style="display: block;">
<div class="menu-block-wrapper menu-block-1 menu-name-main-menu parent-mlid-0 menu-level-1 jquery-once-1-processed">
<ul class="menu"><li class="first expanded menu-mlid-986"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/" title="">Home</a><ul class="menu"><li class="first leaf menu-mlid-20470"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/about-sos" title="">About</a></li>
<li class="leaf menu-mlid-20471"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/information/advertising" title="">Advertise</a></li>
<li class="leaf menu-mlid-20472"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/contact" title="">Contact</a></li>
<li class="leaf menu-mlid-20473"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/information" title="">Information</a></li>
<li class="leaf menu-mlid-20474"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/readersads" title="">Readers' Ads</a></li>
<li class="leaf menu-mlid-30279"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/sound-advice/glossary-technical-terms">Glossary</a></li>
<li class="leaf menu-mlid-20475"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/user/soundonsoundvideo" title="">Videos</a></li>
<li class="leaf menu-mlid-34341"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/tutorials" title="Non-Linear Educating">Tutorials</a></li>
<li class="last leaf menu-mlid-20488"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/search/all" title="">Search</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="expanded menu-mlid-14945"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/news" title="">News</a><ul class="menu"><li class="first leaf menu-mlid-15828"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/news" title="">Latest</a></li>
<li class="leaf menu-mlid-20845"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/news/all">All News</a></li>
<li class="last leaf menu-mlid-20487"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/search/news" title="">Search</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="expanded menu-mlid-12146"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum" title="">Forum</a><ul class="menu"><li class="first leaf menu-mlid-14513"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/search.php?search_id=active_topics" title="">Latest posts</a></li>
<li class="leaf menu-mlid-14514"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/faq.php" title="">FAQ</a></li>
<li class="leaf menu-mlid-14515"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/memberlist.php?sk=d&sd=d" title="">Members</a></li>
<li class="leaf menu-mlid-16915"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum-rules-etiquette" title="">Rules</a></li>
<li class="last leaf menu-mlid-20486"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/search/forum" title="">Search</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="expanded menu-mlid-11565"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/magazine" title="Magazine contents page">Magazine</a><ul class="menu"><li class="first leaf menu-mlid-14516"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/magazine" title="">Latest issue</a></li>
<li class="leaf menu-mlid-16913"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/shop/subscriptions" title="">Subscribe</a></li>
<li class="leaf menu-mlid-16914"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/information/advertising" title="">Advertise</a></li>
<li class="leaf menu-mlid-33968"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/information/publication-dates" title="">Publication Dates</a></li>
<li class="last leaf menu-mlid-20485"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/search/articles" title="">Search</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="expanded menu-mlid-15212"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/reviews">Reviews</a><ul class="menu"><li class="first leaf menu-mlid-15832"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/reviews" title="">Articles</a></li>
<li class="last leaf menu-mlid-20483"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/search/articles" title="">Search</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="expanded menu-mlid-15213"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/techniques">Techniques</a><ul class="menu"><li class="first leaf menu-mlid-15833"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/techniques" title="">Articles</a></li>
<li class="leaf menu-mlid-34345"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/tutorials" title="">Tutorials</a></li>
<li class="last leaf menu-mlid-20482"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/search/articles" title="">Search</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="expanded menu-mlid-15214"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/people">People</a><ul class="menu"><li class="first leaf menu-mlid-15834"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/people" title="">Articles</a></li>
<li class="last leaf menu-mlid-20481"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/search/articles" title="">Search</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="expanded menu-mlid-16186"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/sound-advice" title="">Sound Advice</a><ul class="menu"><li class="first leaf menu-mlid-16956"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/sound-advice" title="">Articles</a></li>
<li class="leaf menu-mlid-34343"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/tutorials" title="">Tutorials</a></li>
<li class="last leaf menu-mlid-20480"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/search/articles" title="">Search</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="last expanded menu-mlid-16187"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/music-business" title="">Music Business</a><ul class="menu"><li class="first leaf menu-mlid-16957"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/music-business" title="">Articles</a></li>
<li class="last leaf menu-mlid-20479"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/search/articles" title="">Search</a></li>
</ul></li>
</ul></div>
</nav>
<nav id="block-menu-block-2" role="navigation" class="block block--menu-block block--menu-block-2">
</nav>
</div>
</header>
<div class="l-main">
<div class="l-content" role="main">
<h2 class="element-invisible">You are here</h2><ul class="breadcrumb"><li><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/front">Home</a></li><li><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/sound-advice">Sound Advice</a></li></ul> <a id="main-content"></a>
<h1>Q. What exactly is comb filtering?</h1>
<article id="node-4903852" class="node node--article node--full node--article--full clearfix" about="/sound-advice/q-what-exactly-comb-filtering" typeof="sioc:Item foaf:Document" role="article">
<div class="node--content-wrapper">
<span property="dc:title" content="Q. What exactly is comb filtering?" class="rdf-meta element-hidden"></span>
<div class="content">
<div class="group-header">
<div class="field--subject">
<ul><li><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/sound-advice/recording">Recording</a></li></ul> </div>
<div class="field--author">By Paul White</div></div><p>I've read many articles in which you mention phase and comb filtering but I'm not really sure what these terms mean or how they affect my mixes. Can you explain them without being too technical, please?</p>
<p><span class="media-image-right"><a href="https://dt7v1i9vyp3mf.cloudfront.net/styles/news_large/s3/imagelibrary/q/qa_2_a_0613-0L36GvGip79cKAEU_xsUYSq8hwxrI1QO.jpg" title="Comb filtering creates peaks and troughs in frequency response, and is caused when signals that are identical but have phase differences — such as may result from multi-miking a drum kit — are summed. An undesirably coloured sound can result. The same effect can be harnessed deliberately to create flanging effects." class="colorbox init-colorbox-processed cboxElement" data-colorbox-gallery="all" data-cbox-img-attrs="{"title": "Comb filtering creates peaks and troughs in frequency response, and is caused when signals that are identical but have phase differences — such as may result from multi-miking a drum kit — are summed. An undesirably coloured sound can result. The same effect can be harnessed deliberately to create flanging effects.", "alt": "Comb filtering creates peaks and troughs in frequency response, and is caused when signals that are identical but have phase differences — such as may result from multi-miking a drum kit — are summed. An undesirably coloured sound can result. The same effect can be harnessed deliberately to create flanging effects."}"><img typeof="foaf:Image" src="./Q. What exactly is comb filtering__files/qa_2_a_0613-PDyzuyWbnOfDUcazkDB2TaErke52t4hy.jpg" width="300" height="131" alt="Comb filtering creates peaks and troughs in frequency response, and is caused when signals that are identical but have phase differences — such as may result from multi-miking a drum kit — are summed. An undesirably coloured sound can result. The same effect can be harnessed deliberately to create flanging effects." title="Comb filtering creates peaks and troughs in frequency response, and is caused when signals that are identical but have phase differences — such as may result from multi-miking a drum kit — are summed. An undesirably coloured sound can result. The same effect can be harnessed deliberately to create flanging effects."></a><span class="caption" style="width:300px;">Comb filtering creates peaks and troughs in frequency response, and is caused when signals that are identical but have phase differences — such as may result from multi-miking a drum kit — are summed. An undesirably coloured sound can result. The same effect can be harnessed deliberately to create flanging effects.</span></span></p>
<p><strong>Len Fairfield, via email</strong></p>
<p><strong>SOS Editor In Chief Paul White replies</strong>: When discussing the phase of electrical signals, such as the outputs from microphones, we tend to start out by describing the relationship between two sine-wave signals of the same frequency and the consequences of any timing offset between them. Where both signals have the same timing, such that their peaks and troughs coincide exactly, they are said to be 'in phase', and the voltages of the two waveforms will add together. Where both signals are of the same amplitude, the signal voltage will double (ie. increase by 6dB). If, however, they arrive at different times, we say that there is a difference in phase, the most extreme case being when the peak of one signal coincides exactly with the trough of the other (assuming, again, the same amplitude), causing them to cancel each other out completely, producing no sound. Where the amplitudes are different, the degree of cancellation will be smaller, but it will still be present to some extent.</p>
<p>At points between these two extremes, the combination of the two waves will exhibit different degrees of addition or cancellation. Phase is measured in degrees; a whole waveform cycle is expressed as 360 degrees and a 180-degree phase shift marks the point of maximum cancellation if that waveform is added to one with zero phase shift. When the waveforms are 1.5 cycles apart, they will also cancel, as this again brings the peaks of one waveform into coincidence with the other. This happens again at a time difference equivalent to 2.5 cycles, 3.5 cycles, and so on. Similarly, spacings of 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, and so on, cause addition as the peaks become coincident.</p>
<p><span class="media-image-right"><a href="https://dt7v1i9vyp3mf.cloudfront.net/styles/news_large/s3/imagelibrary/Q/QA_2_b-0613-FOAHJUtyO0PaNhdNMu2XvwrShPzR26Sb.jpg" title="" class="colorbox init-colorbox-processed cboxElement" data-colorbox-gallery="all" data-cbox-img-attrs="{"title": "", "alt": "Q. What exactly is comb filtering?"}"><img typeof="foaf:Image" src="./Q. What exactly is comb filtering__files/QA_2_b-0613-n2zF1xdi_nby8L5feyxb8kQMQjVqUI43.jpg" width="172" height="300" alt="Q. What exactly is comb filtering?" title=""></a></span></p>
<p>Note that although the 'phase' button on a mic preamp or mixing console inverts the signal — and so causes cancellation if the signal is summed with a non-inverted version of the same signal — polarity is not the same thing as phase, and the button really should have a different name! However the 'phase' button can be used to help resolve some phase-related problems.</p>
<p>The simplistic explanation of phase given so far describes what happens with sine waves, but typical music waveforms comprise a complex blend of frequencies. If we examine the same scenario, in which two versions of a musical signal are summed with a slight delay, some frequencies will add, while others will cancel. A frequency-response plot would show a sequence of peaks and dips extending up the audio spectrum, their position depending on the time difference between the two waveforms. That's how a flanger works: a delayed version of a signal is added to a non-delayed version of itself, deliberately to provoke this radical filtering effect, which, because of the haircomb-like appearance of its response curve, is affectionately known as 'comb filtering'. Varying the time delay makes the comb filter sweep through its frequency range, picking out different harmonics as it moves.</p>
<p>A less severe form of comb filtering occurs when the outputs from two microphones set up at different distances from a sound source are combined — a situation familiar to anyone who has miked up a drum kit, for example. Because the more distant mic receives less level than the close mic, the depth of the filtering isn't as pronounced as in our flanger example, but it can still compromise the overall sound. That's why some engineers take great care to adjust the track delays in their DAWs to ensure that the waveforms from each drum mic align precisely. When layering drum or bass sounds, it's particularly important to ensure that the first waveform peak of each is aligned and that both peaks are positive or both negative. If they go in different directions, the low frequencies will be very obviously affected, resulting in a less punchy sound. </p><div class="paging"></div>
<div class="field--issue-date">
Published June 2013 </div>
</div>
</div>
</article>
<div id="block-sos-articles-sos-articles-issue-navigator" class="block block--sos-articles block--sos-articles-sos-articles-issue-navigator">
<div class="block__content">
<span class="prev"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/sound-advice/q-usb-firewire-or-thunderbolt">Previous article</a></span><span class="next"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/people/matter-timing">Next article</a></span> </div>
</div>
<div id="block-sharethis-sharethis-block" class="block block--sharethis block--sharethis-sharethis-block">
<div class="block__content">
<div class="sharethis-wrapper"><span st_url="https://www.soundonsound.com/sound-advice/q-what-exactly-comb-filtering" st_title="Q. What exactly is comb filtering?" class="st_facebook_large" displaytext="facebook" st_processed="yes"><span style="text-decoration:none;color:#000000;display:inline-block;cursor:pointer;" class="stButton"><span class="stLarge" style="background-image: url("https://ws.sharethis.com/images/2017/facebook_32.png");"></span></span></span>
<span st_url="https://www.soundonsound.com/sound-advice/q-what-exactly-comb-filtering" st_title="Q. What exactly is comb filtering?" class="st_twitter_large" displaytext="twitter" st_via="sospublications" st_username="" st_processed="yes"><span style="text-decoration:none;color:#000000;display:inline-block;cursor:pointer;" class="stButton"><span class="stLarge" style="background-image: url("https://ws.sharethis.com/images/2017/twitter_32.png");"></span></span></span>
<span st_url="https://www.soundonsound.com/sound-advice/q-what-exactly-comb-filtering" st_title="Q. What exactly is comb filtering?" class="st_googleplus_large" displaytext="googleplus" st_via="sospublications" st_username="" st_processed="yes"><span style="text-decoration:none;color:#000000;display:inline-block;cursor:pointer;" class="stButton"><span class="stLarge" style="background-image: url("https://ws.sharethis.com/images/2017/googleplus_32.png");"></span></span></span>
<span st_url="https://www.soundonsound.com/sound-advice/q-what-exactly-comb-filtering" st_title="Q. What exactly is comb filtering?" class="st_email_large" displaytext="email" st_via="sospublications" st_username="" st_processed="yes"><span style="text-decoration:none;color:#000000;display:inline-block;cursor:pointer;" class="stButton"><span class="stLarge" style="background-image: url("https://ws.sharethis.com/images/2017/email_32.png");"></span></span></span>
<span st_url="https://www.soundonsound.com/sound-advice/q-what-exactly-comb-filtering" st_title="Q. What exactly is comb filtering?" class="st_print_large" displaytext="print" st_via="sospublications" st_username="" st_processed="yes"><span style="text-decoration:none;color:#000000;display:inline-block;cursor:pointer;" class="stButton"><span class="stLarge" style="background-image: url("https://ws.sharethis.com/images/2017/print_32.png");"></span></span></span>
<span st_url="https://www.soundonsound.com/sound-advice/q-what-exactly-comb-filtering" st_title="Q. What exactly is comb filtering?" class="st_sharethis_large" displaytext="sharethis" st_via="sospublications" st_username="" st_processed="yes"><span style="text-decoration:none;color:#000000;display:inline-block;cursor:pointer;" class="stButton"><span class="stLarge" style="background-image: url("https://ws.sharethis.com/images/2017/sharethis_32.png");"></span></span></span>
</div> </div>
</div>
</div>
<aside class="l-region l-region--sidebar-first">
<div id="block-dfp-sos-video-ad-300x250" class="block block--dfp block--dfp-sos-video-ad-300x250">
<div class="block__content">
<div id="dfp-ad-sos_video_ad_300x250-wrapper" class="dfp-tag-wrapper">
<div id="dfp-ad-sos_video_ad_300x250" class="dfp-tag-wrapper" data-google-query-id="CLLE9sLV5egCFYIIXAodLygHAA">
<div id="google_ads_iframe_/5445168/SOS_video_Ad_300x250_0__container__" style="border: 0pt none; display: inline-block; width: 300px; height: 250px;"><iframe frameborder="0" src="./Q. What exactly is comb filtering__files/container.html" id="google_ads_iframe_/5445168/SOS_video_Ad_300x250_0" title="3rd party ad content" name="" scrolling="no" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" width="300" height="250" data-is-safeframe="true" sandbox="allow-forms allow-pointer-lock allow-popups allow-popups-to-escape-sandbox allow-same-origin allow-scripts allow-top-navigation-by-user-activation" data-google-container-id="2" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: bottom;" data-load-complete="true"></iframe></div></div>
</div> </div>
</div>
<div id="block-dfp-sos-side-300x600" class="block block--dfp block--dfp-sos-side-300x600">
<div class="block__content">
<div id="dfp-ad-sos_side_300x600-wrapper" class="dfp-tag-wrapper">
<div id="dfp-ad-sos_side_300x600" class="dfp-tag-wrapper" data-google-query-id="CLPE9sLV5egCFYIIXAodLygHAA">
<div id="google_ads_iframe_/5445168/SOS_side_160x600_0__container__" style="border: 0pt none;"><iframe id="google_ads_iframe_/5445168/SOS_side_160x600_0" title="3rd party ad content" name="google_ads_iframe_/5445168/SOS_side_160x600_0" width="300" height="250" scrolling="no" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" frameborder="0" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: bottom;" data-google-container-id="3" data-load-complete="true" src="./Q. What exactly is comb filtering__files/saved_resource(2).html"></iframe></div></div>
</div> </div>
</div>
<div id="block-dfp-sos-side-300x250" class="block block--dfp block--dfp-sos-side-300x250">
<div class="block__content">
<div id="dfp-ad-sos_side_300x250-wrapper" class="dfp-tag-wrapper">
<div id="dfp-ad-sos_side_300x250" class="dfp-tag-wrapper" data-google-query-id="CLTE9sLV5egCFYIIXAodLygHAA">
<div id="google_ads_iframe_/5445168/SOS_side_300x250_0__container__" style="border: 0pt none;"><iframe id="google_ads_iframe_/5445168/SOS_side_300x250_0" title="3rd party ad content" name="google_ads_iframe_/5445168/SOS_side_300x250_0" width="300" height="250" scrolling="no" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" frameborder="0" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: bottom;" data-google-container-id="4" data-load-complete="true" src="./Q. What exactly is comb filtering__files/saved_resource(3).html"></iframe></div></div>
</div> </div>
</div>
<nav id="block-menu-block-5" role="navigation" class="block block--menu-block block--menu-block-5">
<h2 class="block__title"><span>Readers' Ads</span></h2>
<div class="menu-block-wrapper menu-block-5 menu-name-menu-readers-ads parent-mlid-0 menu-level-1">
<ul class="menu"><li class="first leaf menu-mlid-15815"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/readersads" title="">View all ads</a></li>
<li class="last leaf menu-mlid-15806"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/readersads/free" title="">Create free ad</a></li>
</ul></div>
</nav>
<div id="block-sos-articles-sos-articles-related-articles" class="block block--sos-articles block--sos-articles-sos-articles-related-articles">
<h2 class="block__title"><span>On the same subject</span></h2>
<div class="block__content">
<div class="view view-articles-sidebars view-id-articles_sidebars view-display-id-default view-dom-id-a21242fc245d8a01d6ee8653d8383668">
<div class="view-content">
<div class="item-list"> <ul> <li class="nid4921126">
<a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/techniques/remote-music-production">Remote Music Production</a> </li>
<li class="nid4921125">
<a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/techniques/how-record-yourself-and-make-it-sound-good">How To Record Yourself And Make It Sound Good</a> </li>
<li class="nid4921063">
<a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/techniques/classic-tracks-happy-mondays-step">Classic Tracks: Happy Mondays 'Step On'</a> <span class="date-display-single" property="dc:date" datatype="xsd:dateTime" content="2020-04-01T00:00:00+01:00">April 2020</span> </li>
<li class="nid4921061">
<a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/people/bombay-bicycle-club">Bombay Bicycle Club</a> <span class="date-display-single" property="dc:date" datatype="xsd:dateTime" content="2020-04-01T00:00:00+01:00">April 2020</span> </li>
<li class="nid4921064">
<a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/techniques/inside-track-selena-gomez-rare">Inside Track: Selena Gomez 'Rare'</a> <span class="date-display-single" property="dc:date" datatype="xsd:dateTime" content="2020-04-01T00:00:00+01:00">April 2020</span> </li>
</ul></div> </div>
</div> </div>
</div>
<div id="block-block-11" class="block block--block block--block-11">
<div class="block__content">
<p><a class="fake-submit-gr" href="https://www.soundonsound.com/newsletter/signup">Sign Up TO<br>
SOS Newsletters</a></p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="block-sos-youtube-sos-youtube-latest-videos" class="block block--sos-youtube block--sos-youtube-sos-youtube-latest-videos">
<h2 class="block__title"><span>Latest Videos</span></h2>
<div class="block__content">
<div class="block--views-videos-block"><div class="views-row jquery-once-2-processed"><div class="play jquery-once-3-processed vid"></div><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/news/luna-uad-interfaces-goes-live" class="img-vid"><img src="./Q. What exactly is comb filtering__files/Oj5XQyM-Frg-dH._QKeeCP9l2rakve6V2M7noHzuGy2U.jpg" typeof="foaf:Image" width="300" height="225" alt="" class="b-lazy b-loaded" loading="lazy"></a><span class="views-field-filename"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/news/luna-uad-interfaces-goes-live">Universal Audio LUNA - First Look</a></span><br><span class="views-field-timestamp">2 days 1 hour ago.</span></div><div class="views-row jquery-once-2-processed"><div class="play jquery-once-3-processed vid"></div><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/techniques/warren-oak-felder-recording-producing-demi-lovatos-sorry-not-sorry" class="img-vid"><img src="./Q. What exactly is comb filtering__files/Kre17S89-j8-326nINVuEAOPN0T0xSF2sXGR6SJbcgR1.jpg" typeof="foaf:Image" width="300" height="169" alt="" class="b-lazy b-loaded" loading="lazy"></a><span class="views-field-filename"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/techniques/warren-oak-felder-recording-producing-demi-lovatos-sorry-not-sorry">Oak Felder - Recording Demi Lovato's 'Sorry Not Sorry'</a></span><br><span class="views-field-timestamp">1 month 17 hours ago.</span></div><div class="views-row jquery-once-2-processed"><div class="play jquery-once-3-processed vid"></div><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/sound-advice/microphones-designing-future" class="img-vid"><img src="./Q. What exactly is comb filtering__files/Zoc8CnVpVgU-MP8bU2GyNiZIs0DLWkx9YuJ1QQu8S4iQ.jpg" typeof="foaf:Image" width="300" height="169" alt="" class="b-lazy b-loaded" loading="lazy"></a><span class="views-field-filename"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/sound-advice/microphones-designing-future">Microphones: Designing The Future</a></span><br><span class="views-field-timestamp">1 month 3 weeks ago.</span></div></div> </div>
</div>
</aside>
</div>
<div class="l-featured">
</div>
<div class="l-postscript">
<div class="l-region l-region--postscript-first">
<div id="block-dfp-sos-rect-level-1" class="block block--dfp block--dfp-sos-rect-level-1">
<div class="block__content">
<div id="dfp-ad-sos_rect_level_1-wrapper" class="dfp-tag-wrapper">
<div id="dfp-ad-sos_rect_level_1" class="dfp-tag-wrapper" data-google-query-id="CLXE9sLV5egCFYIIXAodLygHAA">
<div id="google_ads_iframe_/5445168/SOS_rect_level_1_0__container__" style="border: 0pt none;"><iframe id="google_ads_iframe_/5445168/SOS_rect_level_1_0" title="3rd party ad content" name="google_ads_iframe_/5445168/SOS_rect_level_1_0" width="300" height="100" scrolling="no" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" frameborder="0" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: bottom;" data-google-container-id="5" data-load-complete="true" src="./Q. What exactly is comb filtering__files/saved_resource(4).html"></iframe></div></div>
</div> </div>
</div>
<div id="block-phpbbforum-new-posts" class="block block--phpbbforum block--phpbbforum-new-posts">
<h2 class="block__title"><span>New forum posts</span></h2>
<div class="block__content"><ul class="menu"><li><span class="phpbbforum_recent_subject"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=22&t=71346&p=660889&hilit=#p660889" class="topic">Re: Fishman Triple Play vs GK3 & RMC Piezo in terms...</a> <a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=22&t=71346&view=unread#unread" title="View first unread post" class="topic-last">></a></span><br><span class="phpbbforum_recent_author"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/memberlist.php?mode=viewprofile&u=154721" style="color: #003333;" class="username-coloured" rel="nofollow">MOF</a> <a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=22&t=71346&p=660889&hilit=#p660889" title="View the latest post" class="author">></a></span><br><span class="phpbbforum_recent_date">Mon Apr 13, 2020 3:43 pm</span><br><span class="phpbbforum_recent_title"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/viewforum.php?f=22">Guitar Technology</a></span></li><li><span class="phpbbforum_recent_subject"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=15&t=71311&p=660887&hilit=#p660887" class="topic">Re: Do all microphones ring?</a> <a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=15&t=71311&view=unread#unread" title="View first unread post" class="topic-last">></a></span><br><span class="phpbbforum_recent_author"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/memberlist.php?mode=viewprofile&u=145202" style="color: #6699FF;" class="username-coloured" rel="nofollow">Hugh Robjohns</a> <a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=15&t=71311&p=660887&hilit=#p660887" title="View the latest post" class="author">></a></span><br><span class="phpbbforum_recent_date">Mon Apr 13, 2020 3:41 pm</span><br><span class="phpbbforum_recent_title"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/viewforum.php?f=15">Recording: Gear & Techniques</a></span></li><li><span class="phpbbforum_recent_subject"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=16&t=71352&p=660885&hilit=#p660885" class="topic">Re: Best DAW - balance between ease of use and features</a> <a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=16&t=71352&view=unread#unread" title="View first unread post" class="topic-last">></a></span><br><span class="phpbbforum_recent_author"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/memberlist.php?mode=viewprofile&u=149208" style="color: #003333;" class="username-coloured" rel="nofollow">Folderol</a> <a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=16&t=71352&p=660885&hilit=#p660885" title="View the latest post" class="author">></a></span><br><span class="phpbbforum_recent_date">Mon Apr 13, 2020 3:33 pm</span><br><span class="phpbbforum_recent_title"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/viewforum.php?f=16">Mixing, Mastering & Post Production</a></span></li><li><span class="phpbbforum_recent_subject"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=16&t=71352&p=660884&hilit=#p660884" class="topic">Re: Best DAW - balance between ease of use and features</a> <a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=16&t=71352&view=unread#unread" title="View first unread post" class="topic-last">></a></span><br><span class="phpbbforum_recent_author"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/memberlist.php?mode=viewprofile&u=145248" style="color: #003333;" class="username-coloured" rel="nofollow">Mike Stranks</a> <a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=16&t=71352&p=660884&hilit=#p660884" title="View the latest post" class="author">></a></span><br><span class="phpbbforum_recent_date">Mon Apr 13, 2020 3:30 pm</span><br><span class="phpbbforum_recent_title"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/viewforum.php?f=16">Mixing, Mastering & Post Production</a></span></li><li><span class="phpbbforum_recent_subject"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=22&t=71361&p=660883&hilit=#p660883" class="topic">Re: Ernie Ball Musicman Silhouette Special</a> <a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=22&t=71361&view=unread#unread" title="View first unread post" class="topic-last">></a></span><br><span class="phpbbforum_recent_author"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/memberlist.php?mode=viewprofile&u=151111" style="color: #003333;" class="username-coloured" rel="nofollow">Sam Spoons</a> <a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=22&t=71361&p=660883&hilit=#p660883" title="View the latest post" class="author">></a></span><br><span class="phpbbforum_recent_date">Mon Apr 13, 2020 3:26 pm</span><br><span class="phpbbforum_recent_title"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/viewforum.php?f=22">Guitar Technology</a></span></li></ul></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="l-region l-region--postscript-second">
<div id="block-dfp-sos-rect-level-1-2" class="block block--dfp block--dfp-sos-rect-level-1-2">
<div class="block__content">
<div id="dfp-ad-sos_rect_level_1_2-wrapper" class="dfp-tag-wrapper">
<div id="dfp-ad-sos_rect_level_1_2" class="dfp-tag-wrapper" data-google-query-id="CLbE9sLV5egCFYIIXAodLygHAA">
<div id="google_ads_iframe_/5445168/SOS_rect_level_1_1__container__" style="border: 0pt none;"><iframe id="google_ads_iframe_/5445168/SOS_rect_level_1_1" title="3rd party ad content" name="google_ads_iframe_/5445168/SOS_rect_level_1_1" width="300" height="100" scrolling="no" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" frameborder="0" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: bottom;" data-google-container-id="6" data-load-complete="true" src="./Q. What exactly is comb filtering__files/saved_resource(5).html"></iframe></div></div>
</div> </div>
</div>
<div id="block-phpbbforum-new-topics" class="block block--phpbbforum block--phpbbforum-new-topics">
<h2 class="block__title"><span>Recent topics</span></h2>
<div class="block__content"><ul class="menu"><li><span class="phpbbforum_recent_subject"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=22&t=71346" class="topic">Fishman Triple Play vs GK3 & RMC Piezo in terms of ...</a> <a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=22&t=71346&view=unread#unread" class="topic-last" title="View first unread post"></a></span></li><li><span class="phpbbforum_recent_subject"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=15&t=71311" class="topic">Do all microphones ring?</a> <a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=15&t=71311&view=unread#unread" class="topic-last" title="View first unread post"></a></span></li><li><span class="phpbbforum_recent_subject"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=16&t=71352" class="topic">Best DAW - balance between ease of use and features</a> <a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=16&t=71352&view=unread#unread" class="topic-last" title="View first unread post"></a></span></li><li><span class="phpbbforum_recent_subject"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=22&t=71361" class="topic">Ernie Ball Musicman Silhouette Special</a> <a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=22&t=71361&view=unread#unread" class="topic-last" title="View first unread post"></a></span></li><li><span class="phpbbforum_recent_subject"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=24&t=66983" class="topic">A Long List of Compromises - new music space</a> <a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=24&t=66983&view=unread#unread" class="topic-last" title="View first unread post"></a></span></li><li><span class="phpbbforum_recent_subject"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=20&t=71359" class="topic">ASIO Drivers and Screen Sharing Software (ZOOM, Teams, ...</a> <a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=20&t=71359&view=unread#unread" class="topic-last" title="View first unread post"></a></span></li><li><span class="phpbbforum_recent_subject"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=17&t=71360" class="topic">'Heaven - Ethereal Ambient Samples' Released - Bluezone...</a> <a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=17&t=71360&view=unread#unread" class="topic-last" title="View first unread post"></a></span></li><li><span class="phpbbforum_recent_subject"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=15&t=71338" class="topic">Yet another stab at the mixer-less studio.</a> <a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=15&t=71338&view=unread#unread" class="topic-last" title="View first unread post"></a></span></li><li><span class="phpbbforum_recent_subject"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=20&t=70537" class="topic">Upgrading sounds</a> <a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=20&t=70537&view=unread#unread" class="topic-last" title="View first unread post"></a></span></li><li><span class="phpbbforum_recent_subject"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=23&t=70769" class="topic">One Synth Challenge IV - The Voyage(r) Home</a> <a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=23&t=70769&view=unread#unread" class="topic-last" title="View first unread post"></a></span></li></ul></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="l-region l-region--postscript-third">
<div id="block-dfp-sos-rect-level-1-3" class="block block--dfp block--dfp-sos-rect-level-1-3">
<div class="block__content">
<div id="dfp-ad-sos_rect_level_1_3-wrapper" class="dfp-tag-wrapper">
<div id="dfp-ad-sos_rect_level_1_3" class="dfp-tag-wrapper" data-google-query-id="CLfE9sLV5egCFYIIXAodLygHAA">
<div id="google_ads_iframe_/5445168/SOS_rect_level_1_2__container__" style="border: 0pt none;"><iframe id="google_ads_iframe_/5445168/SOS_rect_level_1_2" title="3rd party ad content" name="google_ads_iframe_/5445168/SOS_rect_level_1_2" width="300" height="100" scrolling="no" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" frameborder="0" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: bottom;" data-google-container-id="7" data-load-complete="true" src="./Q. What exactly is comb filtering__files/saved_resource(6).html"></iframe></div></div>
</div> </div>
</div>
<div id="block-phpbbforum-forums" class="block block--phpbbforum block--phpbbforum-forums">
<h2 class="block__title"><span>Recently active forums</span></h2>
<div class="block__content">
<ul class="phpbb-forums"><li><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/viewforum.php?f=15">Recording: Gear & Techniques</a></li><li><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/viewforum.php?f=24">DIY Electronics & Studio Design</a></li><li><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/viewforum.php?f=22">Guitar Technology</a></li><li><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/viewforum.php?f=16">Mixing, Mastering & Post Production</a></li><li><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/viewforum.php?f=20">Windows Music</a></li><li><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/viewforum.php?f=17">New Products &amp; Industry News</a></li><li><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/viewforum.php?f=23">Keyboards & Synthesis</a></li><li><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/viewforum.php?f=19">Mac Music</a></li><li><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/viewforum.php?f=26">Live Sound & Performance</a></li><li><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/viewforum.php?f=34">Remote Collaboration</a></li><li><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/viewforum.php?f=25">Music Theory, Songwriting & Composition</a></li><li><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/viewforum.php?f=27">User Reviews</a></li><li><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/viewforum.php?f=18">Music Business</a></li><li><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/viewforum.php?f=29">Feedback</a></li><li><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/viewforum.php?f=21">Apps & Other Computers/OS</a></li><li><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/viewforum.php?f=30">SOS Support Forum</a></li><li><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/forum/viewforum.php?f=35">Useful Information Archive</a></li></ul> </div>
</div>
<div style="display:none"><div id="login-popup"><div id="block-sos-users-sos-login-popup" class="block block--sos-users block--sos-users-sos-login-popup">
<h2 class="block__title"><span>Login</span></h2>
<div class="block__content">
<form class="user-login" action="https://www.soundonsound.com/sound-advice/q-what-exactly-comb-filtering" method="post" id="user-login" accept-charset="UTF-8"><div><div class="form-item form-type-textfield form-item-name">
<input placeholder="Username/email" type="text" id="edit-name" name="name" value="" size="60" maxlength="60" class="form-text required">
<div class="description">You may login with either your assigned username or your e-mail address.</div>
</div>
<div class="form-item form-type-password form-item-pass">
<input placeholder="Password" type="password" id="edit-pass" name="pass" size="60" maxlength="128" class="form-text required">
<div class="description">The password field is case sensitive.</div>
</div>
<input type="hidden" name="form_build_id" value="form-D0jEriIBkcN6-zRKD0khGgzjSTC1HX3-ATYf6x7P7ds">
<input type="hidden" name="form_id" value="user_login">
<div class="login-forgot"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/user/password">Request new password</a></div><p><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/user/register?destination=node/4903852">Create an account</a></p><div class="form-actions form-wrapper" id="edit-actions"><input type="submit" id="edit-submit--2" name="op" value="Log in" class="form-submit"></div></div></form> </div>
</div>
</div></div> </div>
</div>
<div class="l-footer-top">
<div class="l-region l-region--footer-ad">
<div id="block-dfp-sos-footer-728x90" class="block block--dfp block--dfp-sos-footer-728x90">
<div class="block__content">
<div id="dfp-ad-sos_footer_728x90-wrapper" class="dfp-tag-wrapper">
<div id="dfp-ad-sos_footer_728x90" class="dfp-tag-wrapper" data-google-query-id="CISr-MLV5egCFYIIXAodLygHAA">
<div id="google_ads_iframe_/5445168/SOS_footer_728x90_0__container__" style="border: 0pt none;"><iframe id="google_ads_iframe_/5445168/SOS_footer_728x90_0" title="3rd party ad content" name="google_ads_iframe_/5445168/SOS_footer_728x90_0" width="728" height="90" scrolling="no" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" frameborder="0" style="border: 0px; vertical-align: bottom;" data-google-container-id="8" data-load-complete="true" src="./Q. What exactly is comb filtering__files/saved_resource(7).html"></iframe></div></div>
</div> </div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="l-region l-region--footer-first">
<nav id="block-menu-menu-footer-menu-compact" role="navigation" class="block block--menu block--menu-menu-footer-menu-compact">
<ul class="menu"><li class="first leaf"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/contact" title="">Contact Us</a></li>
<li class="leaf"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/information/cookies-site-security" title="">Cookie Policy</a></li>
<li class="leaf"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/help" title="">Help</a></li>
<li class="leaf"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/privacy-policy" title="">Privacy Policy</a></li>
<li class="last leaf"><a href="https://www.soundonsound.com/information/website-terms-use" title="">Terms of Use</a></li>
</ul></nav>
</div>
<div class="l-region l-region--social-media">
<div id="block-block-6" class="block block--block block--block-6">
<div class="block__content">
<p><a class="sm-icon fb" href="http://www.facebook.com/soundonsoundmag"> </a><a class="sm-icon tw" href="http://www.twitter.com/soundonsoundmag"> </a><a class="sm-icon yt" href="https://www.youtube.com/user/soundonsoundvideo"> </a><a class="sm-icon in" href="https://www.instagram.com/soundonsoundmag/"> </a><a class="sm-icon sc" href="http://soundcloud.com/soundonsound"> </a><a class="sm-icon rss" href="https://www.soundonsound.com/latest_news.xml"> </a></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<footer class="l-footer" role="contentinfo">
<div class="l-region l-region--footer">
<div id="block-block-5" class="block block--block block--block-5">
<div class="block__content">
<p>All contents copyright © SOS Publications Group and/or its licensors, 1985-2020. All rights reserved.<br>
The contents of this article are subject to worldwide copyright protection and reproduction in whole or part, whether mechanical or electronic, is expressly forbidden without the prior written consent of the Publishers. Great care has been taken to ensure accuracy in the preparation of this article but neither Sound On Sound Limited nor the publishers can be held responsible for its contents. The views expressed are those of the contributors and not necessarily those of the publishers.</p>
<p>Web site designed & maintained by PB Associates & SOS</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</footer>
</div>
<!--[if lte IE 9]>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://dt7v1i9vyp3mf.cloudfront.net/advagg_js/js__Pim5tTowQ71vrRNvaAg0m07jpCpXM6RsaXi_DARl1Go__x4aTKZ1-p9TKEP60zycQP_WMi7ZT-xiFhhjbPmcnbM0__3yeZSqW11iB5oW4FT-_p9qwMvnh2JAifUEZTSt7V5Ec.js#ie9-" onload="if(jQuery.isFunction(jQuery.holdReady)){jQuery.holdReady(true);}"></script>
<![endif]-->
<!--[if gt IE 9]>
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://dt7v1i9vyp3mf.cloudfront.net/advagg_js/js__Pim5tTowQ71vrRNvaAg0m07jpCpXM6RsaXi_DARl1Go__x4aTKZ1-p9TKEP60zycQP_WMi7ZT-xiFhhjbPmcnbM0__3yeZSqW11iB5oW4FT-_p9qwMvnh2JAifUEZTSt7V5Ec.js#ie10+" defer="defer" onload="if(jQuery.isFunction(jQuery.holdReady)){jQuery.holdReady(true);}"></script>
<![endif]-->
<!--[if !IE]><!-->
<script type="text/javascript" src="./Q. What exactly is comb filtering__files/js__Pim5tTowQ71vrRNvaAg0m07jpCpXM6RsaXi_DARl1Go__x4aTKZ1-p9TKEP60zycQP_WMi7ZT-xiFhhjbPmcnbM0__3yeZSqW11iB5oW4FT-_p9qwMvnh2JAifUEZTSt7V5Ec.js" defer="defer" onload="if(jQuery.isFunction(jQuery.holdReady)){jQuery.holdReady(true);}"></script>
<!--<![endif]-->
<script type="text/javascript" src="./Q. What exactly is comb filtering__files/js___NKbDIJWyMsobR8lCTlYWFw2_sOaraYeOFLaft7bLmQ__Xu_wcEukCi5CvXx-T9Pr-G0g_K18KdsxxXze57MBqb0__3yeZSqW11iB5oW4FT-_p9qwMvnh2JAifUEZTSt7V5Ec.js" defer="defer" onload="function advagg_mod_6(){advagg_mod_6.count=++advagg_mod_6.count||1;try{if(advagg_mod_6.count<=40){init_drupal_core_settings();advagg_mod_6.count=100}}catch(e){if(advagg_mod_6.count>=40){throw e}else window.setTimeout(advagg_mod_6,1)}}
function advagg_mod_6_check(){if(window.init_drupal_core_settings&&window.jQuery&&window.Drupal){advagg_mod_6()}else window.setTimeout(advagg_mod_6_check,1)};advagg_mod_6_check();"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="./Q. What exactly is comb filtering__files/js__RvLVKOnTdQO4VBlh8z2t4GJAwCACZ-707Dk1YziIbCw___ugBnvfA-M-NdgHmUQU2ln-T0ADgGrGHugH4h6Rec8Q__3yeZSqW11iB5oW4FT-_p9qwMvnh2JAifUEZTSt7V5Ec.js" defer="defer" async="async"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="./Q. What exactly is comb filtering__files/js__vdkDjxX0_s_lDKLbbT3-mcRoqTHn7R39D2ebaqod5JU__0rdK0tY0YdPcmzeEpSfYdG-Fa9V6pzM5yMQAzrcN_TI__3yeZSqW11iB5oW4FT-_p9qwMvnh2JAifUEZTSt7V5Ec.js" defer="defer"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
<!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
var googletag = googletag || {};
googletag.cmd = googletag.cmd || [];
googletag.slots = googletag.slots || {};
googletag.cmd.push(function() {
var mapping = googletag.sizeMapping()
.addSize([0, 0], [[320, 50], [300, 50], [300, 100]])
.addSize([480, 0], [728, 90])
.build();
googletag.slots["sos_leaderb_728x90"] = googletag.defineSlot("/5445168/SOS_Leaderboard_728x90", [[728, 90], [300, 50], [320, 50], [300, 100]], "dfp-ad-sos_leaderb_728x90")
.addService(googletag.pubads())
.defineSizeMapping(mapping)});
googletag.cmd.push(function() {
googletag.slots["sos_video_ad_300x250"] = googletag.defineSlot("/5445168/SOS_video_Ad_300x250", [300, 250], "dfp-ad-sos_video_ad_300x250")
.addService(googletag.pubads())});
googletag.cmd.push(function() {
googletag.slots["sos_side_300x600"] = googletag.defineSlot("/5445168/SOS_side_160x600", [[300, 250], [300, 600]], "dfp-ad-sos_side_300x600")
.addService(googletag.pubads())});
googletag.cmd.push(function() {
googletag.slots["sos_side_300x250"] = googletag.defineSlot("/5445168/SOS_side_300x250", [300, 250], "dfp-ad-sos_side_300x250")
.addService(googletag.pubads())});
googletag.cmd.push(function() {
googletag.slots["sos_rect_level_1"] = googletag.defineSlot("/5445168/SOS_rect_level_1", [300, 100], "dfp-ad-sos_rect_level_1")
.addService(googletag.pubads())});
googletag.cmd.push(function() {
googletag.slots["sos_rect_level_1_2"] = googletag.defineSlot("/5445168/SOS_rect_level_1", [300, 100], "dfp-ad-sos_rect_level_1_2")
.addService(googletag.pubads())});
googletag.cmd.push(function() {
googletag.slots["sos_rect_level_1_3"] = googletag.defineSlot("/5445168/SOS_rect_level_1", [300, 100], "dfp-ad-sos_rect_level_1_3")
.addService(googletag.pubads())});
googletag.cmd.push(function() {
var mapping = googletag.sizeMapping()
.addSize([0, 0], [320, 50])
.addSize([480, 0], [728, 90])
.build();
googletag.slots["sos_footer_728x90"] = googletag.defineSlot("/5445168/SOS_footer_728x90", [[728, 90], [320, 50], [970, 90]], "dfp-ad-sos_footer_728x90")
.addService(googletag.pubads())
.defineSizeMapping(mapping)});
googletag.cmd.push(function() {
googletag.pubads().enableAsyncRendering();
googletag.pubads().enableSingleRequest();
googletag.pubads().collapseEmptyDivs();
googletag.pubads().disableInitialLoad();
googletag.pubads().setTargeting("Subject", "Recording");
googletag.pubads().setTargeting("Page", "/sound-advice/q-what-exactly-comb-filtering");
googletag.pubads().setTargeting("Section", "sound-advice");
});
//--><!]]>
</script>
<script type="text/javascript">
<!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
function advagg_mod_7(){advagg_mod_7.count=++advagg_mod_7.count||1;try{if(advagg_mod_7.count<=40){var switchTo5x=true,useFastShare=true;advagg_mod_7.count=100}}catch(e){if(advagg_mod_7.count>=40){throw e}else window.setTimeout(advagg_mod_7,250)}}
function advagg_mod_7_check(){if(window.jQuery&&window.Drupal&&window.Drupal.settings){advagg_mod_7()}else window.setTimeout(advagg_mod_7_check,250)};advagg_mod_7_check();
//--><!]]>
</script>
<script type="text/javascript">
<!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
function advagg_mod_8(){advagg_mod_8.count=++advagg_mod_8.count||1;try{if(advagg_mod_8.count<=40){if(typeof stLight!=='undefined')stLight.options({publisher:"dr-26cfe382-524a-9314-a931-ff33d364a429",version:"5x",onhover:false,shorten:"false",lang:"en-gb"});advagg_mod_8.count=100}}catch(e){if(advagg_mod_8.count>=40){throw e}else window.setTimeout(advagg_mod_8,250)}}
function advagg_mod_8_check(){if(window.jQuery&&window.Drupal&&window.Drupal.settings){advagg_mod_8()}else window.setTimeout(advagg_mod_8_check,250)};advagg_mod_8_check();
//--><!]]>
</script>
<script type="text/javascript">
<!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
function init_drupal_core_settings() {jQuery.extend(Drupal.settings, {"basePath":"\/","pathPrefix":"","colorbox":{"transition":"elastic","speed":"350","opacity":"0.85","slideshow":false,"slideshowAuto":true,"slideshowSpeed":"2500","slideshowStart":"start slideshow","slideshowStop":"stop slideshow","current":"{current} of {total}","previous":"\u00ab Prev","next":"Next \u00bb","close":"Close","overlayClose":true,"returnFocus":true,"maxWidth":"98%","maxHeight":"98%","initialWidth":"300","initialHeight":"250","fixed":true,"scrolling":true,"mobiledetect":true,"mobiledevicewidth":"480px"},"better_exposed_filters":{"views":{"sos_articles":{"displays":{"sos_articles_files":{"filters":[]}}},"related_articles":{"displays":{"block":{"filters":[]}}}}},"urlIsAjaxTrusted":{"\/sound-advice\/q-what-exactly-comb-filtering":true},"back_to_top":{"back_to_top_button_trigger":"500","back_to_top_button_text":"Back to top","#attached":{"library":[["system","ui"]]}},"responsive_menus":[{"selectors":"#block-menu-block-1","container":"body","trigger_txt":"","close_txt":"X","close_size":"18px","position":"right","media_size":"479","show_children":"1","expand_children":"1","expand_txt":"+","contract_txt":"-","remove_attrs":"0","responsive_menus_style":"mean_menu"}],"eu_cookie_compliance":{"popup_enabled":1,"popup_agreed_enabled":0,"popup_hide_agreed":0,"popup_clicking_confirmation":1,"popup_scrolling_confirmation":0,"popup_html_info":"\u003Cdiv class=\u0022eu-cookie-compliance-banner eu-cookie-compliance-banner-info eu-cookie-compliance-banner--default\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cdiv class=\u0022popup-content info\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cdiv id=\u0022popup-text\u0022\u003E\n \u003Ch2\u003EWe use cookies on this site to enhance your user experience\u003C\/h2\u003E\u003Cp\u003EBy clicking any link on this page you are giving your consent for us to set cookies.\u003C\/p\u003E \u003Cbutton type=\u0022button\u0022 class=\u0022find-more-button eu-cookie-compliance-more-button\u0022\u003ENo, give me more info\u003C\/button\u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n \n \u003Cdiv id=\u0022popup-buttons\u0022 class=\u0022\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cbutton type=\u0022button\u0022 class=\u0022agree-button eu-cookie-compliance-default-button\u0022\u003EOK, I agree\u003C\/button\u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E","use_mobile_message":false,"mobile_popup_html_info":"\u003Cdiv class=\u0022eu-cookie-compliance-banner eu-cookie-compliance-banner-info eu-cookie-compliance-banner--default\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cdiv class=\u0022popup-content info\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cdiv id=\u0022popup-text\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cbutton type=\u0022button\u0022 class=\u0022find-more-button eu-cookie-compliance-more-button\u0022\u003ENo, give me more info\u003C\/button\u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n \n \u003Cdiv id=\u0022popup-buttons\u0022 class=\u0022\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cbutton type=\u0022button\u0022 class=\u0022agree-button eu-cookie-compliance-default-button\u0022\u003EOK, I agree\u003C\/button\u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n","mobile_breakpoint":"768","popup_html_agreed":"\u003Cdiv\u003E\n \u003Cdiv class=\u0022popup-content agreed\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cdiv id=\u0022popup-text\u0022\u003E\n \u003Ch2\u003EThank you for accepting cookies\u003C\/h2\u003E\u003Cp\u003EYou can now hide this message or find out more about cookies.\u003C\/p\u003E \u003C\/div\u003E\n \u003Cdiv id=\u0022popup-buttons\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cbutton type=\u0022button\u0022 class=\u0022hide-popup-button eu-cookie-compliance-hide-button\u0022\u003EHide\u003C\/button\u003E\n \u003Cbutton type=\u0022button\u0022 class=\u0022find-more-button eu-cookie-compliance-more-button-thank-you\u0022 \u003EMore info\u003C\/button\u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E","popup_use_bare_css":false,"popup_height":"auto","popup_width":"100%","popup_delay":1000,"popup_link":"\/information\/cookies-site-security","popup_link_new_window":1,"popup_position":true,"fixed_top_position":1,"popup_language":"en-gb","store_consent":false,"better_support_for_screen_readers":0,"reload_page":0,"domain":"","domain_all_sites":null,"popup_eu_only_js":1,"cookie_lifetime":"100","cookie_session":false,"disagree_do_not_show_popup":0,"method":"default","whitelisted_cookies":"","withdraw_markup":"\u003Cbutton type=\u0022button\u0022 class=\u0022eu-cookie-withdraw-tab\u0022\u003EPrivacy settings\u003C\/button\u003E\n\u003Cdiv class=\u0022eu-cookie-withdraw-banner\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cdiv class=\u0022popup-content info\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cdiv id=\u0022popup-text\u0022\u003E\n \u003Ch2\u003EWe use cookies on this site to enhance your user experience\u003C\/h2\u003E\n\n\u003Cp\u003EYou have given your consent for us to set cookies.\u003C\/p\u003E \u003C\/div\u003E\n \u003Cdiv id=\u0022popup-buttons\u0022\u003E\n \u003Cbutton type=\u0022button\u0022 class=\u0022eu-cookie-withdraw-button\u0022\u003EWithdraw consent\u003C\/button\u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n \u003C\/div\u003E\n\u003C\/div\u003E\n","withdraw_enabled":false,"withdraw_button_on_info_popup":false,"cookie_categories":[],"enable_save_preferences_button":true,"fix_first_cookie_category":true,"select_all_categories_by_default":false},"googleanalytics":{"trackOutbound":1,"trackMailto":1,"trackDownload":1,"trackDownloadExtensions":"7z|aac|arc|arj|asf|asx|avi|bin|csv|doc(x|m)?|dot(x|m)?|exe|flv|gif|gz|gzip|hqx|jar|jpe?g|js|mp(2|3|4|e?g)|mov(ie)?|msi|msp|pdf|phps|png|ppt(x|m)?|pot(x|m)?|pps(x|m)?|ppam|sld(x|m)?|thmx|qtm?|ra(m|r)?|sea|sit|tar|tgz|torrent|txt|wav|wma|wmv|wpd|xls(x|m|b)?|xlt(x|m)|xlam|xml|z|zip","trackColorbox":1},"currentPath":"node\/4903852","currentPathIsAdmin":false,"field_group":{"hidden":"full","div":"full"},"ajaxblocks":"blocks=phpbbforum-new_posts\/phpbbforum-new_topics\u0026path=node\/4903852","blazy":{"loadInvisible":false,"offset":100,"saveViewportOffsetDelay":50,"validateDelay":25},"blazyIo":{"enabled":false,"disconnect":false,"rootMargin":"0px","threshold":[0]},"commerceAddToCartConfirmation":{"overlayClass":"commerce_add_to_cart_confirmation_overlay","overlayParentSelector":"body"}});
if(jQuery.isFunction(jQuery.holdReady)){jQuery.holdReady(false);}} if(window.jQuery && window.Drupal){init_drupal_core_settings();}
//--><!]]>
</script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="./Q. What exactly is comb filtering__files/js__v_4yJHVtE6RUu6yqhWqVJhN8cT82FDxs_Va_i0KPQGA__DYFcN3XiPSH52cvIO2JcAptV7PxWjtHPy_OyZfiecmg__3yeZSqW11iB5oW4FT-_p9qwMvnh2JAifUEZTSt7V5Ec.js" defer="defer"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
<!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
function advagg_mod_9(){advagg_mod_9.count=++advagg_mod_9.count||1;try{if(advagg_mod_9.count<=40){var eu_cookie_compliance_cookie_name="";advagg_mod_9.count=100}}catch(e){if(advagg_mod_9.count>=40){throw e}else window.setTimeout(advagg_mod_9,250)}}
function advagg_mod_9_check(){if(window.jQuery&&window.Drupal&&window.Drupal.settings){advagg_mod_9()}else window.setTimeout(advagg_mod_9_check,250)};advagg_mod_9_check();
//--><!]]>
</script>
<script type="text/javascript">
<!--//--><![CDATA[//><!--
function advagg_mod_10(){advagg_mod_10.count=++advagg_mod_10.count||1;try{if(advagg_mod_10.count<=40){(function($){var test=document.createElement('div');test.innerHTML='.';test.className='adsbox';document.body.appendChild(test);window.setTimeout(function(){if(test.offsetHeight===0){bajCDrfnQidL='Yes'}else bajCDrfnQidL='No';test.remove();if(bajCDrfnQidL=='Yes'&&$.cookie('adsblocked_shown')!=='1'){$.cookie('adsblocked_shown',1,{path:'/'});$.colorbox({href:'/adsblocked'})};if(typeof ga!=='undefined'){ga('send','event',{eventCategory:'Blocking Ads',eventAction:bajCDrfnQidL,nonInteraction:true})}else if(typeof _gaq!=='undefined')_gaq.push(['_trackEvent','Blocking Ads',bajCDrfnQidL,undefined,undefined,true])},1e3)})(jQuery);advagg_mod_10.count=100}}catch(e){if(advagg_mod_10.count>=40){throw e}else window.setTimeout(advagg_mod_10,250)}}
function advagg_mod_10_check(){if(window.jQuery&&window.Drupal&&window.Drupal.settings){advagg_mod_10()}else window.setTimeout(advagg_mod_10_check,250)};advagg_mod_10_check();
//--><!]]>
</script>
<script type="text/javascript">window.NREUM||(NREUM={});NREUM.info={"beacon":"bam.nr-data.net","licenseKey":"ffefa5a1f6","applicationID":"1304361","transactionName":"Zl1WNUsHCBVYVUNQVl8XYRNQSUkPV1JSQRdBUEQ=","queueTime":0,"applicationTime":27,"atts":"ShpVQwMdGxs=","errorBeacon":"bam.nr-data.net","agent":""}</script>
<div id="cboxOverlay" style="display: none;"></div><div id="colorbox" class="" role="dialog" tabindex="-1" style="display: none;"><div id="cboxWrapper"><div><div id="cboxTopLeft" style="float: left;"></div><div id="cboxTopCenter" style="float: left;"></div><div id="cboxTopRight" style="float: left;"></div></div><div style="clear: left;"><div id="cboxMiddleLeft" style="float: left;"></div><div id="cboxContent" style="float: left;"><div id="cboxTitle" style="float: left;"></div><div id="cboxCurrent" style="float: left;"></div><button type="button" id="cboxPrevious"></button><button type="button" id="cboxNext"></button><button id="cboxSlideshow"></button><div id="cboxLoadingOverlay" style="float: left;"></div><div id="cboxLoadingGraphic" style="float: left;"></div></div><div id="cboxMiddleRight" style="float: left;"></div></div><div style="clear: left;"><div id="cboxBottomLeft" style="float: left;"></div><div id="cboxBottomCenter" style="float: left;"></div><div id="cboxBottomRight" style="float: left;"></div></div></div><div style="position: absolute; width: 9999px; visibility: hidden; display: none; max-width: none;"></div></div><button id="backtotop" class="jquery-once-6-processed" style="opacity: 0.535313; display: inline-block;">Back to top</button><iframe src="./Q. What exactly is comb filtering__files/portal-v2.html" id="st_gdpr_iframe" title="GDPR Consent Management" style="width: 0px; height: 0px; position: absolute; left: -5000px;"></iframe><iframe id="google_osd_static_frame_1721998035689" name="google_osd_static_frame" style="display: none; width: 0px; height: 0px;" src="./Q. What exactly is comb filtering__files/saved_resource(8).html"></iframe></body></html>