NUL bytes in SQL statements leads to late errors

[vlofgren]

The way the jdbc driver handles un-escaped NUL bytes in a SQL statement means they are ostensibly converted to a C-style string and truncated at the NUL.

While it can be argued this is malformed input and user error, and fine as it is, the error messages are needlessly confusing, and it's possibly an unnecessary attack surface for SQL injections.

If it's true that un-escaped NUL bytes in queries are never valid, it may be preferable to validate the query in DuckDBPreparedStatement, which ought to be a very cheap operation.

Steps to reproduce:

try (var dbConn = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:duckdb:");
      var stmt = dbConn.createStatement();
) {
  stmt.execute("SELECT 'a\0b'");
}
catch (SQLException ex)  {
  ex.printStackTrace();
}

java.sql.SQLException: Parser Error: unterminated quoted string at or near "'a"
LINE 1: SELECT 'a
               ^
java.sql.SQLException: java.sql.SQLException: Parser Error: unterminated quoted string at or near "'a"
LINE 1: SELECT 'a