diff --git a/.github/workflows/python-integration.yml b/.github/workflows/python-integration.yml
index 62a65f79bf..a3e2d85c4a 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/python-integration.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/python-integration.yml
@@ -31,7 +31,11 @@ concurrency:
 
 jobs:
   integration-test:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-22.04
+    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        os: [ "ubuntu-22.04", "windows-2022" ]
 
     steps:
     - uses: actions/checkout@v4
diff --git a/pyiceberg/io/pyarrow.py b/pyiceberg/io/pyarrow.py
index aa27796081..1f5fe279bb 100644
--- a/pyiceberg/io/pyarrow.py
+++ b/pyiceberg/io/pyarrow.py
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
 import itertools
 import logging
 import os
+import platform
 import re
 import uuid
 import warnings
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@
     cast,
 )
 from urllib.parse import urlparse
+from urllib.request import url2pathname
 
 import numpy as np
 import pyarrow as pa
@@ -342,6 +344,12 @@ def parse_location(location: str) -> Tuple[str, str, str]:
             return "file", uri.netloc, os.path.abspath(location)
         elif uri.scheme in ("hdfs", "viewfs"):
             return uri.scheme, uri.netloc, uri.path
+        elif uri.scheme and uri.scheme.lower() in "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz" and platform.system() == "Windows":
+            return "file", "", os.path.abspath(location)
+        elif uri.scheme == "file" and platform.system() == "Windows":
+            netloc = rf"\\{uri.netloc}" if uri.netloc else uri.netloc
+            path = url2pathname(f"{netloc}{uri.path}")
+            return uri.scheme, uri.netloc, path
         else:
             return uri.scheme, uri.netloc, f"{uri.netloc}{uri.path}"
 
diff --git a/tests/io/test_pyarrow.py b/tests/io/test_pyarrow.py
index e4017e1df5..43f7b5e6f0 100644
--- a/tests/io/test_pyarrow.py
+++ b/tests/io/test_pyarrow.py
@@ -1701,6 +1701,17 @@ def check_results(location: str, expected_schema: str, expected_netloc: str, exp
 
     check_results("/root/foo.txt", "file", "", "/root/foo.txt")
     check_results("/root/tmp/foo.txt", "file", "", "/root/tmp/foo.txt")
+    with patch("pyiceberg.io.pyarrow.platform") as mock_platform:
+        with patch("pyiceberg.io.pyarrow.os") as mock_os:
+            with patch("pyiceberg.io.pyarrow.url2pathname") as mock_url2pathname:
+                windows_paths = [r"\\nfs_server\root\tmp\foo.txt", r"C:\root\tmp\foo.txt"]
+                mock_platform.system.return_value = "Windows"
+                mock_os.path.abspath.side_effect = windows_paths
+                mock_url2pathname.side_effect = windows_paths
+                check_results(r"\\nfs_server\root\tmp\foo.txt", "file", "", r"\\nfs_server\root\tmp\foo.txt")
+                check_results(r"file://nfs_server/root/tmp/foo.txt", "file", "nfs_server", r"\\nfs_server\root\tmp\foo.txt")
+                check_results(r"C:\root\tmp\foo.txt", "file", "", r"C:\root\tmp\foo.txt")
+                check_results(r"file:///C:/root/tmp/foo.txt", "file", "", r"C:\root\tmp\foo.txt")
 
 
 def test_make_compatible_name() -> None: