diff --git a/autotest/ogr/ogr_gpkg.py b/autotest/ogr/ogr_gpkg.py
index 07b2951f3549..822a46334459 100755
--- a/autotest/ogr/ogr_gpkg.py
+++ b/autotest/ogr/ogr_gpkg.py
@@ -10494,3 +10494,49 @@ def test_gpkg_rename_hidden_table(tmp_vsimem):
     gdal.VSIFCloseL(f)
 
     assert "hidden_foo_table" not in content
+
+
+###############################################################################
+# Test creating duplicate field names
+
+
+@gdaltest.enable_exceptions()
+def test_gpkg_create_duplicate_field_names(tmp_vsimem):
+
+    filename = str(tmp_vsimem / "test_gpkg_create_duplicate_field_names.gpkg")
+    with ogr.GetDriverByName("GPKG").CreateDataSource(filename) as ds:
+        lyr = ds.CreateLayer("test")
+        lyr.CreateField(ogr.FieldDefn("foo"))
+        with pytest.raises(
+            Exception, match="A field with the same name already exists"
+        ):
+            lyr.CreateField(ogr.FieldDefn("foo"))
+        assert lyr.GetLayerDefn().GetFieldCount() == 1
+        with pytest.raises(
+            Exception, match="A field with the same name already exists"
+        ):
+            lyr.CreateField(ogr.FieldDefn("FOO"))
+        assert lyr.GetLayerDefn().GetFieldCount() == 1
+        with pytest.raises(
+            Exception, match="It has the same name as the geometry field"
+        ):
+            lyr.CreateField(ogr.FieldDefn("geom"))
+        assert lyr.GetLayerDefn().GetFieldCount() == 1
+
+
+###############################################################################
+# Test creating more than 2000 fields
+
+
+@gdaltest.enable_exceptions()
+def test_gpkg_create_more_than_2000_fields(tmp_vsimem):
+
+    filename = str(tmp_vsimem / "test_gpkg_create_more_than_2000_fields.gpkg")
+    with ogr.GetDriverByName("GPKG").CreateDataSource(filename) as ds:
+        lyr = ds.CreateLayer("test")
+
+        for i in range(2000 - 2):
+            lyr.CreateField(ogr.FieldDefn(f"foo{i}"))
+        with pytest.raises(Exception, match="Limit of 2000 columns reached"):
+            lyr.CreateField(ogr.FieldDefn("foo"))
+        assert lyr.GetLayerDefn().GetFieldCount() == 2000 - 2
diff --git a/ogr/ogrsf_frmts/gpkg/ogrgeopackagetablelayer.cpp b/ogr/ogrsf_frmts/gpkg/ogrgeopackagetablelayer.cpp
index cdf98c621c9a..6acc0ff19f49 100644
--- a/ogr/ogrsf_frmts/gpkg/ogrgeopackagetablelayer.cpp
+++ b/ogr/ogrsf_frmts/gpkg/ogrgeopackagetablelayer.cpp
@@ -1728,6 +1728,24 @@ OGRErr OGRGeoPackageTableLayer::CreateField(const OGRFieldDefn *poField,
             GDALGeoPackageDataset::LaunderName(oFieldDefn.GetNameRef())
                 .c_str());
 
+    if (m_poFeatureDefn->GetFieldIndex(oFieldDefn.GetNameRef()) >= 0)
+    {
+        CPLError(CE_Failure, CPLE_AppDefined,
+                 "Cannot create field %s. "
+                 "A field with the same name already exists.",
+                 oFieldDefn.GetNameRef());
+        return OGRERR_FAILURE;
+    }
+
+    if (m_poFeatureDefn->GetGeomFieldIndex(oFieldDefn.GetNameRef()) >= 0)
+    {
+        CPLError(CE_Failure, CPLE_AppDefined,
+                 "Cannot create field %s. "
+                 "It has the same name as the geometry field.",
+                 oFieldDefn.GetNameRef());
+        return OGRERR_FAILURE;
+    }
+
     if (m_pszFidColumn != nullptr &&
         EQUAL(oFieldDefn.GetNameRef(), m_pszFidColumn) &&
         poField->GetType() != OFTInteger &&
@@ -1742,6 +1760,19 @@ OGRErr OGRGeoPackageTableLayer::CreateField(const OGRFieldDefn *poField,
         return OGRERR_FAILURE;
     }
 
+    const int nMaxColumns =
+        sqlite3_limit(m_poDS->GetDB(), SQLITE_LIMIT_COLUMN, -1);
+    // + 1 for the FID column
+    if (m_poFeatureDefn->GetFieldCount() +
+            m_poFeatureDefn->GetGeomFieldCount() + 1 >=
+        nMaxColumns)
+    {
+        CPLError(CE_Failure, CPLE_AppDefined,
+                 "Cannot add field %s. Limit of %d columns reached",
+                 oFieldDefn.GetNameRef(), nMaxColumns);
+        return OGRERR_FAILURE;
+    }
+
     if (!m_bDeferredCreation)
     {
         CPLString osCommand;