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<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no">
<title>The Open Global Glacier Model</title>
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<body>
<div class="reveal">
<div class="slides">
<section>
<p>
<img class="plain" src="img/logo.png" height=220vh align="middle">
</p>
<p>A modern, modular and extensible framework <br> for large scale glacier modeling</p>
<p><a href="https://fabienmaussion.info/">Fabien Maussion</a></p>
<br>
<small>IARPC Glaciers & Sea-level Collaboration Team April 2020 Meeting</small>
</section>
<section style="text-align: left;">
These slides are available online at <a href="https://oggm.org/framework_talk">oggm.org/framework_talk</a>
<br>
<br>
<small> Use <code>space</code>, <code>shift+space</code> and <code>arrow keys</code> to navigate between slides. </small>
<br>
<a rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"><img alt="Creative Commons License" style="border-width:0" src="https://mirrors.creativecommons.org/presskit/buttons/88x31/svg/by.svg" /></a><br />
<small> Unless specified otherwise, the content of this site is licensed under a <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">CC BY 4.0</a> license. </small>
</section>
<section>
<section>
<h3>Goals of today's talk</h3>
<ul>
<li class="fragment"> (Re-)brand OGGM as a <b>modelling framework</b> in which you can fit your own model and ideas </li>
<li class="fragment"> Showcase some of OGGM's features, including <b>modularity</b>, <b>online tutorials</b> and <b>reproducible science</b> </li>
<li class="fragment"> List some <b>challenges</b> the project is facing ... </li>
<li class="fragment"> ... and discuss <b>ways forward</b> <br> <small> (which may involve your participation) </small> </li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Today's Non-goals</h3>
<ul>
<li class="fragment"> Sell OGGM as "the model which has it all": <br> other models out there are objectively "better", and <b>model diversity</b> is the motto that drives our project </li>
<li class="fragment"> Getting lost in project specific details: the ideas and tools presented here are <b>applicable to other projects as well</b> </li>
</ul>
</section>
</section>
<section>
<section>
<h2>Motivation</h2>
</section>
<section>
<h3> Many glaciers, few data </h3>
Uncertainty assessment is <em>hard</em> <br><br>
GlacierMIP model spread shows that the individual models' uncertainty estimates are way too low
</section>
<section>
Share of each source to the total uncertainty:
<img class="plain" src="./img/gmip_unc.png" height="500" ></p>
<small>GlacierMIP consortium (<a href="https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.914503">in press</a>)</small>
</section>
<section>
<h3> Uncertain and uncoordinated boundary conditions</h3>
Difficulties to agree on experimental protocols within GlacierMIP
leads to apples and oranges comparisons.
</section>
<section>
<h3> More physics is <em>always</em> better, right? </h3>
<small>Right?</small>
<br>
Little reflection (so far) in the community about <br> which processes
are adding value, <br> and which are adding noise.
<br>
<br>
Poor data availability and model intercomparison issues make it harder.
</section>
</section>
<section>
<section>
<h3>A common misconception</h3>
<p>Open source <font color="#cc0000">=</font> free (as in "free beer")</p>
<p><span class="fragment">Free <font color="green">∈</font> Open source</span></p>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Science relies on</h3>
<font size="6">
<ul>
<li><b>peer review</b></li>
<li>skepticism</li>
<li><b>transparency</b></li>
<li><b>attribution</b></li>
<li>accountability</li>
<li><b>collaboration</b></li>
<li>impact</li>
</ul>
<br>
<br>
<span class="fragment">Since always, academic science has been perfecting these tenents.
<br>
<b>Open source software is now excellent at all of them.</b></span>
<br>
</font>
<div align="right">
<font size="2"> © original slide by <a href="http://katyhuff.github.io/town-hall/#/2/2">Katy Huff</a><br></font>
</div>
</section>
<section>
<h4>Collaborative development workflow</h4>
<p><img class="plain" src="./img/merge-request.jpg" height="400px"></p>
</section>
<section>
<ul>
<li> OGGM's <a href="https://github.com/OGGM/oggm">online repository</a></li>
<li> OGGM's <a href="https://travis-ci.com/OGGM/oggm">test-suite monitoring</a></li>
<li> OGGM's <a href="https://cluster.klima.uni-bremen.de/~github/asv/#/">benchmarks</a></li>
<li> OGGM's <a href="https://cluster.klima.uni-bremen.de/~github/crossval/">mass-balance results monitoring</a></li>
</ul>
<p><img class="plain" src="img/RGI60-08.01657.png" height="150px">
<img class="plain" src="img/travis.jpeg" height="150px"></p>
</section>
</section>
<section>
<section data-background="img/bckgrd.png">
<h2>The OGGM workflow</h2>
</section>
<section>
<p>
"Glacier centric" approach <br>
<img class="plain" src="img/iceland.png" height="500">
</p>
</section>
<section>
<p>
Local grid and DEM <br>
<img class="plain" src="img/w1.png" height="500">
</p>
</section>
<section>
<p>
Centerlines <br>
<img class="plain" src="img/w2.png" height="500">
</p>
</section>
<section>
<p>
Flowlines and widths <br>
<img class="plain" src="img/w3.png" height="500">
</p>
</section>
<section>
<p>
Mass-balance & ice thickness <br>
<img class="plain" src="img/w4.png" height="500">
</p>
</section>
<section>
<p>
Glacier evolution <br>
<img class="plain" src="img/w5.png" height="500">
</p>
</section>
</section>
<section>
<section data-background="img/wf_bck.jpg" data-background-size="60%">
<h2>Workflow in practice</h2>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Glacier directories</h3>
<img class="plain" src="img/folder.jpeg" height="200px"> <br>
Persistent data containers on disk
</section>
<section>
<h3>Entity tasks</h3>
<img class="plain" src="img/task_pool.png" height="300px"> <br>
Actions to perform on a glacier directory
<div align="right">
<font size="2"> CC BY-SA 3.0 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thread_pool#/media/File:Thread_pool.svg">Wikimedia</a><br></font>
</div>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Global tasks</h3>
<img class="plain" src="img/globmap.jpg" height="300px"> <br>
Actions to perform on many glaciers
</section>
<section>
<h3>In code</h3>
<pre class="python"><code>
# Go - initialize glacier directories
gdirs = workflow.init_glacier_directories(rgidf)
task_list = [
tasks.define_glacier_region,
tasks.glacier_masks,
tasks.compute_centerlines,
tasks.catchment_area,
tasks.catchment_width_geom,
]
for task in task_list:
execute_entity_task(task, gdirs)
</code></pre>
</section>
</section>
<section>
<section data-background="img/paradox.jpg" data-background-size="60%">
<h2>Extensible and Modular</h2>
</section>
<section>
<p><img class="plain" src="img/Brainy-Play-2.jpg" height="500" ></p>
<div align="right">
<font size="2"> © <a href="https://education.lego.com/en-us/earlylearning#Start">Lego</a><br></font>
</div>
</section>
<section data-markdown>
<textarea data-template>
### Strategies for modularity
</textarea>
</section>
<section data-markdown>
<textarea data-template>
### Persistence on disk
- Tasks interchangeable if file format is agreed upon
- Examples:
- OGGM's flowlines and GloGEM's "binned glaciers" are the same object on disk
- Climate data: various datasets have same format on disk
</textarea>
</section>
<section data-markdown>
<textarea data-template>
### Separation of concerns
- Separate interfaces for glacier evolution and mass-balance models ([object oriented](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Object-oriented_programming))
- Examples:
- different ice dynamics solvers interchangeable without code change
- [PyGEM](https://github.com/drounce/PyGEM)'s mass-balance model now compatible with OGGM's dynamical model
</textarea>
</section>
<section data-markdown>
<textarea data-template>
### Attribution and control
- Your code remains yours: <br> no need to share a repository (or anything, really), with OGGM's codebase.<br> → Correct attribution and citation of your work
- See the [oggmcontrib](https://github.com/OGGM/oggmcontrib) template repository
</textarea>
</section>
<section data-markdown>
<textarea data-template>
### and more
- [Documentation](https://docs.oggm.org)
- A̶g̶i̶l̶e̶ ̶p̶r̶o̶g̶r̶a̶m̶m̶i̶n̶g̶ <br> <small>Tell us your use case and we'll try to adapt </small>
</textarea>
</section>
</section>
<section>
<section>
<p>
<img class="plain" src="img/logo_shop.png" height=220px align="middle"> <br>
<small><em>(<a href="https://github.com/OGGM/oggm/pull/1002">alpha version</a>)</em></small>
</p>
</section>
<section data-markdown>
<textarea data-template>
Idea: a one stop shop for all your modelling needs
- topography
- climate
- gridded obs (velocity, geodetic MB)
- point obs (GlaThiDa)
- etc.
</textarea>
</section>
<section>
<h3> Example: the RGI-TOPO dataset</h3>
<img class="plain" src="img/rgitopo_ex.jpg" height=400px align="middle"> <br>
<p>See the <a href="https://rgitools.readthedocs.io/en/latest/dems.html">rgitools</a> documentation</p>
</section>
<section style="text-align: left;" data-background="img/velocity_col.png" data-background-size="80%">
<h3> Example: ITS_LIVE </h3>
<span class="fragment">
<pre class="python"><code>gdir = init_glacier_directories(['RGI60-01.10689'])[0]
from oggm.shop import its_live, dems
dems.select_dem(gdir, dem_source='COPDEM')
tasks.glacier_masks(gdir)
its_live.vel_to_gdir(gdir)</code></pre>
</span>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Online documentation and reproducible science </h3>
<img class="plain" src="img/oggm_edu.gif " height=200px align="middle"> <br>
<p>See our <a href="https://edu.oggm.org/en/latest/oggm_tuto.html">online tutorials</a></p>
</section>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Challenges</h3>
<ul>
<li class="fragment"> Technical debt </li>
<li class="fragment"> Entry level for new contributors is high </li>
<li class="fragment"> Maintenance work relying on too few scientists </li>
<li class="fragment"> Funding incremental improvements is difficult </li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<h3>Take home</h3>
<ul>
<li> OGGM is a modelling <em>framework</em>: <br> <b>cherry picking is encouraged!</b></li>
<li> your own fantastic model or game changing idea might fit into the framework: get in touch with us!</li>
<li> check out <a href="http://oggm.org">oggm.org</a> and <a href="http://edu.oggm.org">edu.oggm.org</a>, <br> and help us to make it even better!</li>
</ul>
</section>
</div>
</div>
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