From 5d7297075f9289272d6757de8373449d8886810b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Heracles Date: Wed, 11 Dec 2024 23:42:10 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 1/2] docs: add testnet diff & faucet --- docs/TROUBLE_SHOOTING-en.md | 101 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-- 1 file changed, 97 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) diff --git a/docs/TROUBLE_SHOOTING-en.md b/docs/TROUBLE_SHOOTING-en.md index a37d61df6..5e95c1bf6 100644 --- a/docs/TROUBLE_SHOOTING-en.md +++ b/docs/TROUBLE_SHOOTING-en.md @@ -14,8 +14,101 @@ npm config set https-proxy http://127.0.0.1:2802 ``` -- **Request for test currency testnet** +## **Testnet Faucet Application** -- Rinkeby [Apply for Rinkeby test currency](https://faucet.rinkeby.io/) -- Kovan [Apply for Kovan test currency1](https://linkfaucet.protofire.io/kovan) [Apply for Kovan test currency2](https://faucet.kovan.network) -- Ropsten [Apply for Ropsten test currency1](https://faucet.metamask.io/) +### **Ethereum Testnet Comparison Analysis** + +Ethereum test networks are designed to provide developers with environments for experimentation and testing. Each testnet differs in consensus mechanism, use case, design objectives, and resource allocation. Below is a detailed comparison of Rinkeby, Kovan, Ropsten, Goerli, Holesky, and Sepolia. + +#### **1. Rinkeby** +- **Launch Date**: 2017 +- **Consensus Mechanism**: Proof of Authority (POA) +- **Features**: + - Relies on designated validators to run nodes, enabling faster transaction confirmation. + - Stable network but with low decentralization. + - Suitable for scenarios requiring rapid testing. +- **Current Status**: Gradually deprecated; no longer recommended for new projects. + +--- + +#### **2. Kovan** +- **Launch Date**: 2017 +- **Consensus Mechanism**: Proof of Authority (POA) +- **Features**: + - Created by the Parity team, offering fast synchronization and stable performance. + - Nodes require permission to operate, limiting participants. + - Suitable for permissioned chains and private development environments. +- **Current Status**: Deprecated; developers have migrated to other networks. + +--- + +#### **3. Ropsten** +- **Launch Date**: 2016 +- **Consensus Mechanism**: + - Initially: Proof of Work (POW). + - Later: Transitioned to Proof of Stake (POS) to simulate the Ethereum mainnet shift. +- **Features**: + - The testnet most similar to the mainnet, supporting comprehensive testing and contract deployment. + - Allowed mining to obtain test tokens, offering some decentralization. + - High operational costs and slower synchronization due to POW mechanism. +- **Current Status**: Deprecated since late 2022. + +--- + +#### **4. Goerli** +- **Launch Date**: 2019 +- **Consensus Mechanism**: Proof of Authority (POA), later transitioned to Proof of Stake (POS). +- **Features**: + - Multi-client support with strong compatibility, ideal for cross-client development. + - Test tokens (GoETH) are limited and require faucets or requests, potentially causing bottlenecks. + - Widely used for smart contract testing and validation. +- **Current Status**: Deprecated. + +--- + +#### **5. Holesky** +- **Launch Date**: 2023 +- **Consensus Mechanism**: Proof of Stake (POS) +- **Features**: + - Designed for Ethereum staking and protocol upgrade testing with high performance. + - Provides a large supply of test tokens, addressing the limitations of Goerli tokens. + - Suitable for complex testing needs for developers and validators. +- **Current Status**: Emerging as a potential replacement for Goerli, aiming to support broader ecosystem needs. + +--- + +#### **6. Sepolia** +- **Launch Date**: October 2021 +- **Consensus Mechanism**: Initially Proof of Work (POW), later transitioned to Proof of Stake (POS). +- **Features**: + - Designed specifically for developers, offering a precise testing environment for smart contracts and decentralized applications (dApps). + - Equipped with fast synchronization and a permissioned validator set for efficient operations. + - Unlimited test tokens (SepETH) ensure developers are not constrained by token shortages, resolving Goerli’s major issue. + - Positioned as Ethereum’s primary development test network for the future. +- **Current Status**: Regarded as one of the top choices for developers. + +--- + +### **Comparison Summary** + +| Testnet | Consensus Mechanism | Token Acquisition | Features | Current Status | +|-----------|---------------------|----------------------|-------------------------------------------|-------------------| +| **Rinkeby** | POA | Free Faucet | Fast but lacks decentralization | Deprecated | +| **Kovan** | POA | Free Faucet | Stable, requires permission to operate | Deprecated | +| **Ropsten** | POW → POS | Mining or Faucet | Closest to mainnet, supports full testing | Deprecated | +| **Goerli** | POA → POS | Limited (Request) | Strong compatibility, limited test tokens | Deprecated | +| **Holesky** | POS | Unlimited | For complex testing, resource-rich | Emerging Network | +| **Sepolia** | POW → POS | Unlimited | Efficient, precise, developer-friendly | Recommended | + +--- + +### **Faucet Links** + +#### **Holesky Testnet** +- [Stakely Faucet](https://stakely.io/faucet/ethereum-holesky-testnet-eth) +- [QuickNode Faucet](https://faucet.quicknode.com/ethereum/holesky) +- [PK910 Faucet](https://holesky-faucet.pk910.de/) + +#### **Sepolia Testnet** +- [QuickNode Faucet](https://faucet.quicknode.com/base/sepolia) +- [Alchemy Faucet](https://www.alchemy.com/faucets/base-sepolia) \ No newline at end of file From e22435b5aaf5da85a2410e90e36d74bbb4dae3d0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Heracles Date: Wed, 11 Dec 2024 23:42:23 +0800 Subject: [PATCH 2/2] docs: add cn version --- docs/TROUBLE_SHOOTING.md | 98 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-- 1 file changed, 94 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-) diff --git a/docs/TROUBLE_SHOOTING.md b/docs/TROUBLE_SHOOTING.md index b2e0199f5..78ecff5cb 100644 --- a/docs/TROUBLE_SHOOTING.md +++ b/docs/TROUBLE_SHOOTING.md @@ -33,8 +33,98 @@ TypeError: Cannot read property 'toHexString' of undefined at Function.executeUserEntryPoint [as runMain] (internal/modules/run_main.js:76:12) ``` -- **测试币申请 testnet** +## **测试币申请 testnet** + +### **以太坊测试网的对比分析** + +以太坊的测试网络旨在为开发者提供实验和测试的环境，不同的测试网在共识机制、使用场景、设计目标和资源分配上各有特点。以下是 Rinkeby、Kovan、Ropsten、Goerli、Holesky 和 Sepolia 的详细区别和分析。 + +#### **1. Rinkeby** +- **推出时间**：2017 年 +- **共识机制**：Proof of Authority (POA) +- **特点**： + - 依赖于指定验证者运行节点，具有更高的交易确认速度。 + - 网络稳定，但去中心化程度低。 + - 适用于开发者需要快速测试的场景。 +- **现状**：已逐步停用，不再推荐新项目使用。 + + + +#### **2. Kovan** +- **推出时间**：2017 年 +- **共识机制**：Proof of Authority (POA) +- **特点**： + - 由 Parity 技术团队创建，支持快速同步和稳定性能。 + - 运行的节点必须经过许可，因此参与者有限。 + - 适用于权限链和专属开发环境。 +- **现状**：已停用，开发者逐渐迁移到其他网络。 + + + +#### **3. Ropsten** +- **推出时间**：2016 年 +- **共识机制**： + - 初期：Proof of Work (POW) + - 后期：转为 Proof of Stake (POS)，模拟以太坊主网过渡。 +- **特点**： + - 是最接近主网的测试网，支持主网功能测试和合约部署。 + - 支持挖矿获取测试币，具有一定的去中心化特性。 + - 运行成本较高，且 POW 机制带来较慢的同步速度。 +- **现状**：2022 年底已停用。 + + + +#### **4. Goerli** +- **推出时间**：2019 年 +- **共识机制**：Proof of Authority (POA)，后转为 Proof of Stake (POS) +- **特点**： + - 多客户端支持，兼容性强，适合作为跨客户端的开发环境。 + - 测试币（GoETH）供应有限，开发者需通过水龙头或请求获取，可能成为瓶颈。 + - 被广泛用于智能合约测试和验证。 +- **现状**：已停用。 + + + +#### **5. Holesky** +- **推出时间**：2023 年 +- **共识机制**：Proof of Stake (POS) +- **特点**： + - 专为以太坊质押和协议升级测试设计，具有较高的性能。 + - 提供大量测试币，弥补 Goerli 测试币不足的问题。 + - 适合开发者和验证者的复杂测试需求。 +- **现状**：是 Goerli 的潜在替代网络，目标是承载更广泛的生态需求。 + + + +#### **6. Sepolia** +- **推出时间**：2021 年 10 月 +- **共识机制**：初期为 Proof of Work (POW)，后转为 Proof of Stake (POS) +- **特点**： + - 专为开发者设计，作为智能合约和去中心化应用 (dApp) 的精准测试环境。 + - 配备快速同步机制，验证者组采用许可模式，保证高效运行。 + - 无限测试币（SepETH）供应，无需担心测试币短缺问题，解决了 Goerli 的主要缺点。 + - 是以太坊未来的主要开发测试网络。 +- **现状**：被视为开发者最优选的测试网络之一。 + + +### **对比总结** + +| 测试网 | 共识机制 | 测试币获取 | 特点 | 现状 | +|----------|------------------|---------------------|----------------------------------------|------------------| +| **Rinkeby** | POA | 免费水龙头 | 快速但去中心化低 | 已停用 | +| **Kovan** | POA | 免费水龙头 | 性能稳定，需许可运行 | 已停用 | +| **Ropsten** | POW → POS | 可挖矿或水龙头 | 接近主网，支持全面测试 | 已停用 | +| **Goerli** | POA → POS | 有限（需请求获取） | 跨客户端兼容性强，但测试币有限 | 已停用 | +| **Holesky** | POS | 无限测试币 | 面向复杂协议测试，资源丰富 | 新兴网络，潜力大 | +| **Sepolia** | POW → POS | 无限测试币 | 高效，精准，为开发者优化 | 推荐使用 | + +#### **Holesky领水地址** +- [Stakely Faucet](https://stakely.io/faucet/ethereum-holesky-testnet-eth) +- [QuickNode Faucet](https://faucet.quicknode.com/ethereum/holesky) +- [PK910 Faucet](https://holesky-faucet.pk910.de/) + +#### **Sepolia领水地址** +- [QuickNode Faucet](https://faucet.quicknode.com/base/sepolia) +- [Alchemy Faucet](https://www.alchemy.com/faucets/base-sepolia) + -- Rinkeby [申请 Rinkeby 测试币](https://faucet.rinkeby.io/) [申请 Rinkeby 测试币2](https://faucets.chain.link/rinkeby/) -- Kovan [申请 Kovan 测试币1](https://linkfaucet.protofire.io/kovan) [申请 Kovan 测试币2](https://faucet.kovan.network) [申请 Kovan 测试币3](https://ethdrop.dev/) -- Ropsten [申请 Ropsten 测试币](https://faucet.metamask.io/) [申请 Ropsten 测试币2](https://faucet.dimensions.network/)